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Volume 28, Issue 4
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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MINORU TOMITA, FUMIO GOTOH, TSUTOMU SATO, TAKAHIRO AMANO, NORIO TANAHA ...1979 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 151-163
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distensibility of cerebral vessels, defined as the percent increase in cerebrovascular volume per mmHg rise of arterial blood pressure, was in-vestigated in 23 cats using our recently developed photoelectric apparatus. The cerebral vasomotor tone was reduced by one of the following procedures: CO2 inhalation, brain damage, or intravenous administration of tetrodotoxin or vasodilators. To distend the cerebral vessels, the systemic arterial blood pressure (SABP) was elevated by intravenous administration of 1-nor-adrenaline. It was found tat intact cerebral vessels showed no change or even a slight decrease in distensibility regardless of the level of the initial pressure within the range of autoregulation. On the other hand, vessels which had previously experienced one of the above affronts except for CO2 inhalation tended to show an increased value of distensibility. The magnitude of the distensibility appeared to be related to the initial level of SABP. Loss or decrease of tonic contraction of arterioles in response to a sudden rise in SABP leads to a total or partial impairment of the autoregulation of blood flow. In the latter case, preservation of the autoregulatory mechanism in the direction of lowered blood pressure within the limits of the autoregulatory range does not necessarily imply its operation in the opposite direction. Maximum distensibility was demonstrated in papaverine-pretreated cats, causing either an increase in flow with a closed skull or transcalvarial hernia-tion with an open skull. The brain swelling was reproducible, and of purely vascular origin.View full abstractDownload PDF (3827K) -
KIYOSHI ICHIKIZAKI, SHIGEO TOYA, TADAO HOSHINO1979 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 165-171
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMice and other small animals are often used in experimental studies on central nervous disorders. If the intrathecal administration of certain sub-stances is required in such experiments, the substances are usually adminis-tered by cisternal puncture under general anesthesia. In work on metabolic aspects of diseases, however, general anesthesia is disadvantageous since it influences cerebral metabolic conditions.
The present authors thus developed a technique for intrathecal adminis-tration by lumbar puncture in the mouse under local anesthesia. Although it may appear that correct positioning of a mouse could be difficult under local anesthesia, the authors were able to ensure a satisfactory posture by pulling the bilateral ears and tail gently in the craniocaudal direction. In order to puncture the mid-point of the spinous processes accurately in the mouse, we observed the spinous processes directly through a lumbosacral incision in the skin.
In order to test the reliability of our technique, trypan blue and 5% glucose were administered to mice intrathecally.
Based on macroautograms obtained at 30 min after intrathecal admin-istration of 25 μl of trypan blue, the intrathecal injection of trypan blue by our technique was judged to be successful in 95% of the twenty mice.
Twenty-five μl of 5% glucose was administered intrathecally to mice and the intracerebral water content was estimated at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60min after the administration following decapitation.
No marked change in intracerebral water content was observed at 10min after the intrathecal administration, but at 20min a significant rise in water content was found (p<0.05). The water content tended to decrease there-after and at 30min it dropped to the pre-administration level.
It is considered therefore that the intrathecally administered glucose affected the intracerebral water content in some definite way, thereby demon-strating the reliability of our method.
Compared to cisternal puncture, the present technique for lumbar punc-ture offers several advantages.
1) It can be carried out under lacal anesthesia.
2) Practically, it is a simpler procedure than cisternal puncture.
3) It is reliable, giving a high success rate of over 95%.View full abstractDownload PDF (2848K) -
COMPARED WITH RE-APPEARANCE OF OVULATION AFTER ABORTION AND PREMATURE DELIVERYKAZUHIKO HAYASHI, MASAO NAKANO, TOSHIO SUZUKI, SEIJI KAWAKAMI, RIHACHI ...1979 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 173-193
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalysis of basal body temperature patterns (BBT) after continuous treatment with sex-steroids reveals that an extremely high percentage of subjects experience a delayed re-establishment of ovulation in the post treat-ment cycles, whereas the delayed re-appearance of ovulation is also observed with a high percentage in the recovery process of hypothalamic, pituitary and ovarian functions after abortion or premature delivery. It is, therefore, suggested that these endocrine functions are affected to a certain extent by the use of sex-steroids or by the gestation.
On BBT
1. In the first cycle after the termination of sex-steroidal treatment, 76% of the 6-cycle (treatment) group, 92.3% of the 12-cycle group and 87.5% of the 18-20-cycle group showed a prolonged menstrual cycle.
2. Noticeable characteristics in (1.) above, were a lengthened low phase and a shortened high phase. This low phase correlated with treated durations.
3. The onset date of first menstruation in the post gestational period was delayed in the premature delivery group, and the noticeable charac-teristics were a lengthened low phase and a shortened high phase. This low phase correlated with gestational durations before abortion or premature delivery.
On LH-RH test
1. LH response to LH-RH was detected from 2nd week (counting from 1st day of withdrawal bleeding after treatment) in 6- and 12-cycle groups, and from 3rd week in the 18-20-cycle group.
2. FSH response to LH-RH in 12- and 18-20-cycle groups showed a remarkably high level from 1st week, whereas its response in the 6-cycle group registered a slightly high level.
3. In the 6-cycle group, the larger the amount administered, the longer delayed the recovery in LH response to LH-RH and the more remarkable the increase of FSH response.
4. The recovery in LH response to LH-RH in the premature delivery group was delayed compared with that in the abortion groups, and its response was noticed in the 4th week after premature delivery.
5. FSH response to LH-RH weekly exceeded a higher level in the pre-mature delivery group than that in the abortion groups. As ovulation ap-proached, FSH recovered a normal preovulatory stage level.View full abstractDownload PDF (1069K) -
YOICHI TAKABAYASHI, J. DENIS MCGARRY, DANIEL W. FOSTER1979 Volume 28 Issue 4 Pages 195-202
Published: 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNineteen adult, maturity-onset diabetic patients on combination sul-fonylurea and phenformin treatment were studied at biweekly intervals for 1 year. Both drugs were continued for four months, after which phenformin was stopped for four months. In the third period of the study half the patients were restarted on phenformin and half received placebo for a two month period. In the fourth phase, also lasting two months, the phenformin and placebo group were switched. Mean plasma glucose concentrations (± SEM) in each period were:
Sulfonylurea+phenformin 219±17 mg/dl
Sulfonylurea 291±24 mg/dl
Sulfonylurea+phenformin 203±17 mg/dl
Sulfonylurea+placebo 298±22 mg/dl
Plasma lactate and pyruvate levels were lower off phenformin than on therapy but lactate: pyruvate ratios were unchanged. No significant effects on basal glucagon and insulin concentrations were noted. Four patients had sig-nificant elevations of plasma triglycerides when phenformin was stopped but other chemistries were not affected.
It is concluded that phenformin lowers the plasma glucose in most symp-tomatic maturity-onset diabetic patients even after continuous therapy for up to 16 years.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K)
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