Antigenic substances produced by the imcomplete recombinants from intergroup conjugations were investigated immunologically and biochemically.
1. Comparing to the donor (S form) LPS, the O-antigenic activities and contents of O-specific sugars were mostly reduced in the LPS preparations from donor-type recombinants, but neither activities nor sugars specific to recipient was found in these. LPS of R-type recombinants were devoid of parental activities and sugars, entirely.
2. Recombinants from Cross I produced defective LPS in lacking glucosamine present in the terminal position of R-side chain.
3. Additional antigenicity common to R recombinant was shown in the donor-type LPS synthesized by the progeny of Cross III, suggesting that the R-carbohydrate chain is exposed to react with R-antibody following to subtraction of O-side chain from the macromolecule.
4. A haptenic polysaccharide specific to recipient was present in the phenol extracts from the donor-type recombinants. It was considered from the results of immunological and biochemical analyses of the purified material that the specific hapten is the polymerized O-side chain of recipient left intact without being transferred to the cell wall LPS.
5. Some aspects on the genetic control for the synthetic pathways of the antigenic polysaccharides were drown with the recombinants in question.

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The operation is the best therapy of stmach cancer. 5-year suvival rates, however, have not reached 50% in any report, so we feel urged to additive treatment of this disease. Manuplation of surgery increases cancer cells in blood, causing recurrence of carcinoma, so as latent liver metastasis, vascular invasion, intramural metastasis and serosa infiltration.
Since 1962, we have tried gastric arterial infusion of anti-cancer agents during radical operation, as to decrease recurrent stomach cancer.
Our method based on the laboratory data of model experiment of which results were as follows.
1) When Mitomycin C was administrated into left gastric artery, we obtained the broadest infusion area in case that left gastric vein and the other gastric artery had been ligated except short gastric artries.
2) Wistar rats were prevented from liver metastasis, when AH 7974 had come in contact with Mytomycin C 20μm/ml and administrated into rat spleen.
3) Mitomycin C more than 80μg/ml brought side effect to male mongrel dogs. We have indicated this method to 80 clinical cases, including one patient dead postoperatively within one month; cause of death was proved to be acute cardiac failure in course of intestinal obstruction.
No patient died because of chemotherapeutic complication : agranulocytosis and so on. 58 patients were treated by curative gastrectomy combined with arterial infusion. 63.6% (7/11) is 4-year survival rate of this group, while 38.9% (14/31) of control group, namely patients group treated by only curative gastrectomy.
It can be seen from the above that radical gastrectomy combined with gastric arterial infusion have noticeable effect to stomach cancer.

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1. A tetrasaccharide having blood group A-activity was isolated from soluble A substance derived from human gastric linings by treatment with triethylamine, and a tetrasaccharide having blood group B-activity was isolated from B substance by the same device. The A-active tetrasaccharide liberated N-acetylgalactosamine by treatment with α-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminidase from pig epididymis, the B-active tetrasaccharide liberated galactose by treatment with α-D-galactosidase from Cl. sporogenes maebashi, and these were transformed to a trisaccharide having O(H) -activity.
2, An O(H) -active trisaccharide isolated from O(H) substance liberated fucose by treatment with α-L-fucosidase derived from Bac. fulminans, together with disappearance of O(H) -activity and decrease of cross-reactivity with anti-Shigella dysenteriae chicken serum. The trisaccharide was split into fucose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine by treatment with enzyme preparation from Bac. cereus O(H). A disaccharide, β-galactosyl- (1→4) -N-acetylglucosamine inhibited hemagglutination of group O red cells by anti-Diplococcus pneumoniae Type XIV chicken serum. A Le^b-active oligosaccharide liberated fucose by treatment with α-L-fucosidase derived from Bac. fulminans, together with destruction of Le^b-activity and appearance of Le^a-activity.
3. A Le^a active trisaccharide isolated from Le^a substance was split into fucose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine by treatment with enzyme preparation from Bac. cereus Le^a, Lacto-N-fucopentaose II (β-galactosyl- (1→3) - [α-fucosyl- (1→4) -] -β-N-acetylglucosaminyl (1→3) β-galactosyl (1→4) -glucose) isolated galactose by treatment withβ-D-galactosidase from Bac. cereus O(H) without complete destruction of Le^a-activity.

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1. The islets of Langerhans of the dorphin, Stenella coeruleoalbus MAYEN have been observed by light and electron microscopy. This may be the first morphological study on the islets of whale species.
2. In the tail of the pancreas of Stenella coeruleoalbus there appear many islets that can be classified into large, middle and small islets. Besides these islets a number of solitary islet cells and small islet cell groups are found within the exocrine acini. In the pancreatic islets of the dorphin continuities between islet and exocrine acini are usually found at several portions, that is the reason why in the dorphin boundaries frequently are not clear.
3. In the pancreatic islets of the dorphin, we can distinguish by light and electron microscopy three islet cell types : A, B and D cells. A cells are in general distributed at the periphery of the islet and along the blood capillaries that penetrate into the islet tissue, and show polarity to the connective tissue or blood capillaries. This property is also found in some of B and D cells, and therefore the affinity to blood capillaries is common to the three islet cell types. In the pancreatic islets of the dorphin there are often observed the overlappings of two islet cells and in such cases an A cell is always embraced completely by another islet cell, which is mostly a D cell, but very rarely a B cell.
4. As revealed by electron microscopic observation, the α-granule of the dorphin A cell, like that of other animal species, consists of a smooth round membranous sac about 360mμ in diameter and a round core of homogeneously high electron density about 300mμ in diameter closely drawn to the sac, thus, leaving a narrow halo between the two constituents. The β-granule consists of a smooth membranous sac about 310mμ in diameter, which is spherical, oval or polymorphous in shape, and mostly a round, homogeneous core (about 180mμ in diameter) loosely drawn to the sac, so that the halo between the limiting membrane and the core is very wide. Among these β-granules, however, there occur a small number containing within the membranous sac one or two bar-shaped, a crescent-shaped or a rhombic core. Features suggesting the intracytoplasmic dissolution of β-granules are frequently found. The α-granule is spherical, largest (about 460mμ in diameter) and least dense, consisting of a round electron lucent core of coarse texture and a smooth membranous sac very closely attached to the core, thus leaving no empty halo between the core and the limiting membrane. Wide discontinuity of the latter is not rare. A pycnotic islet cell (X-cell) which can not be identified with any islet cell types is rarely observed.
5. The argyrophil islet cells (A cells) are also demonstrated in the pancreatic islet of the dorphin by means of the silver impregnation method of Hellman and Hellerström (1960). Shape, distribution and number of these argyrophil cells almost coincide with those of the D cell, and furthermore, argyrophil cells, like D cells in the stained preparations, frequently embrace a non-argyrophil islet cell. These morphological evidences obtained in the present study indirectly support the view that the argyrophil islet cells should be identical with D cells.
6. In the present study it has been revealed that in the pancreatic islet of the dorphin the number of A cells, compared with that in other mammalian species, is strikingly larger and the number of D cells is also considerably greater, so that an average A : B : D ratio is given at 47% : 43% : 10%. The A : B ratio is near to that found in the lower vertebrates which continue their body growth throughout their lives. Whales represent a particular mammalian species having characteristics that they continue, like the lower vertebrates, the body growth after their sexual maturation.

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