1. Crude glycolipids extracted from blood group A or B erythrocyte stroma were separated by silicic acid column chromatography into a kind of H-active and two kinds of A or B-active fractions, rerpectively. Crude glycolipid from blood group OLe (a-b+) erythrocyte stroma was separated into an H-active and an H and Le^b-active fractions.
2. Proposed sugar structures of purified A, B, and H-active glycolipids were as follows. H-active glycolipid :
α-Fuc-(1→2) β-Gal-(1→4)-β-GlcNAc-(1→3)-β-Gal-(1→4)-Glc-ceramide A-active glycolipid :
α-GalNAc-(1→3)-β-Gal-(1→4)-β-GlcNAc-(1→3)-β-Gal-(1→4)-Glc-ceramide
_??_
α-Fuc
B-active glycolipid :
α-Gal-(1→3)-β-Gal-(1→4)-β-GlcNAc-(1→3)-β-Gal-(1→4)-Glc-ceramide
_??_
α-Fuc

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1. The somatic antigens 3, 10 were transferred into a recipient of Salmonella paratyphi B 8006 (group B : 4, 5, 12) or S. paratyphi B uar. odense (group B : 1, 4, 12) by mating with a donor of (S-84) E₁, an O-15 loss variant of S. newington C₂ (group E₁ 3, 10) F'. The determinants of antigens 3, 10 were found to be closely linked to the his gene. Moreover, all of recombinants which received the determinants of antigens 3, 10 concurrently lost antigens 4, 12. On the other hand, the antigens 4, 12 were not transferred into a recipient of (S-84) E₁ (group E₁ : 3, 10) by mating with a donor of S. abony (group B : 1, 4, 5, 12) Hfr or S. paratyphi B 6617 (group B : 1, 4, 5, 12) F'. These results indicated that the genetic determinants of the somatic antigens 4, 12 and 3, 10 are probably allelic.
2. Somatic antigens of S. paratyphi B 8006 or S. paratyphi B var. odense hybrid which had received his and determinants of antigens 3, 10 from (S-84) E₁ F' strain were converted from 3, 10 to 3, 15 by phage ε15. The phage-converted strain having antigens 3, 15 could not produce active phage ε15, and furthermore it was difficult to find out antigenic reversions from 3, 15 to 3, 10 during the course of serial cultures of the strain in broth containing anti-15 monofactor serum.
3. The determinants of antigens 3, 15 were transferred into group B Salmonella or into the recombinants which received antigens 3, 10 from a cross between group E₁ F' donor and group B recipient by mating with the donor of ε15 phage-converted recombinant F' having 3, 15. It was found that the prophage attachment site of ε15 at the host chromosome is close to met and O-5 (the locus for biosynthesis of somatic antigen 5) loci and not far away from his locus.
4. When prophage ε15 had been integrated into a host bacterial chromosome of group B strains, the formation of somatic antigens 3, 15 could not be found in the absence of the antigen 3, 10. So, it was considered that the antigen 3, 10 is necessary not only for the acceptor to adsorb a phage ε15, but also for the manifestation of the antigen 15.

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1. The genetic determinations of the O antigens of Salmonella were studied using Hfr or F' croses between strains of groups B (S. abony : O-1, 4, 5, 12 ; S. paratyphi B var. odense : O-1, 4, 12) and C₂ (S, newport var. puerto-rico : O-6, 8). The main genetic determinants of the antigens 4, 12 of group B and 6, 8 of group C₂ behaved as alleles of one locus in so-called O, close to his locus. The gene O-5 was also linked to his locus.
2. S. Paratyphi B var. odense (native O antigens 1, 4, 12) of group B which received O-6, 8 from S. newport var. puerto-rico (O-6, 8) of group C₂, produced P 22 (iota) without manifestation of O-1, but O-1 was produced after transfer of O antigens 4, 12 or 4, 5, 12 from S. paratyphi B 8006 (O-4, 5, 12) of group B or of O antigens 9, 12 from S. typhi H 901 W (O-9, 12) of group D. The fact was considered that O-1 may be produced through the action of phage P 22 (iota) in co-operation with the substance of O-12.
3. The genetic determination of the O antigens of Salmonella was also studied using Hfr or F' reciprocal crosses between strains of groups B (S. abony : O-1, 4, 5, 12 or S. paratyphi B var. odense : O-1, 4, 12) and C₃ (S. emek : O-(8), 20). The main genetic determinants of the antigens 4, 12 of group B and (8) of group C₃ behaved as alleles of one locus, called O-4, 12/(8) , and were found to be closely linked to his locus.
4. In crosses of a group B donor (S. abony : O-1, 4, 5, 12) with group C₃ recipients (S. emek : O-(8), 20), loss of O-20 from the recipients appeared in some of the recombinants which had received leu⁺, pro⁺, nic⁺, trp⁺ or lys⁺ marker of the group B donor. When another crosses were made between group C₃ (S. emek: O-(8), 20) donor strain and recipient strains that had been isolated as a his⁺ and O-(8) positive recombinat from a cross between group C₃ (S. emek : O-(8), 20) donor and a group B (S. paratyphi B var. odense : O-1, 4, 12) recipient, some of pro⁺ or nic⁺ recombinants in the crosses received the O-20 gene from the group C₃ donor strain. These results suggest that the determinant of somatic antigen 20 was fouud to be closely linked to the pro and nic gene.
5. An Hfr strain of group B (S. abony : O-1, 4, 5, 12) was crossed with an F-strain of group C₂ (S. newport var. puerto-rico : O-6, 8) or group C₃ (S. emek : O-(8), 20). When recombinants with his locus from the donor were selected, most of them differed serologically from both of parents and formed semirough forms. These semirough recombinants were intermediate between S and R forms giving smooth-looking colonies, growing with deposit in broth, being unstable in saline suspension, and possessing the specificities 4 and 12, or 4, 5 and 12.

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The specimens removed surgically for gastric cancer were divided into tumor tissues and tissues considered to be normal, and the normal tissues were further divided into the mucosal linings and underlying tissues (muscularis mucosae). Mucopolysaccharides of these three portions of each specimen were extracted with 90% phenol after peptec hydrolysis of the tissues. Mucopolysaccharides were found as a phenol-insoluble residue and phenol soluble fraction precipitated with alcohol at a final concentration of 10%.
There were certain differences between phenol-insoluble fraction of gastric cancer and normal gastric lining in blood group activities. Some of cancer mucopolysaccharides from secretor patients had weaker Le^b activity than Le^a activity than that of mornal gastric lining of same patient. It suggests that in the gastric cancer. tissues the blood group substances remain underdeveloped stage of their biosynthesis.
Quantitative analytical results showed that some of phenol-insoluble fractions from gastric cancer had higher contents of total sugar and hexosamine than do same fraction of normal gastric linings. Some of phenol-insoluble fraction from gastric cancer contained glucose as a sugar components in addition to galactose, fucose and two amino sugars, glucosamine and galactosamine which were components of blood group substances.

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Urinary estrogen excretion in women was assayed using Brown-Kanbegawa's method.
The following results were obtained. In the normal menstrual cycle, the peak in urinary estrogen was observed at the ovulation time and the middle luteal phase. Gradual increase after 12 year old in puberty, and gradual decrease after menopause in urinary estrogen were demonstrated, respectively.
Urinary estrogen excretion was low in 2° amenorrhea showing abnormally high or low FSH excretion. Urinary estrogen levels remained in normal range in 1° amenorrhea showing normal FSH level and abnormally high or low ranqc of LH excretion. Remarkable daily change in urinary estrogen were demonstrated in dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Anencephalic pregnancy showed low estrogen excretion, estrone as 1/5 low, estradiol as 1/3 low, estriol as 1/15 low as ones in normal pregnancy. Oral contraceptive progestogen induced a peak in urinary estrogen within 3 day after beginning of administration. HPG, HMG and clomiphene citrate induced remarkable increase in urinary estrogen excretion, when they were effective. Urinary estrogen excretion showed tendency of decrease with dexamethasone, no change with ACTH, and increase with thyroid hormone administration.
A new formula est imating urinary estrogen level by measuring the amount of cervical mucus was devised.

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