The fingers' skin color was comparatively investigated with healthy subjects and patients with Raynaud's phenomenon in the absence of its manifestation by means of the method of visual color estimation with the medical color standard, which was specially prepared by the Japan Color Research Institute. The healthy subjects were 29 males, aged 25-44, and the patients were 10 males, aged 41-52. The environment for color determination was semiartificially conditioned, with room temperature maintained at 20-22°C, and relative humidity at 48-91%. The determination was made 5 times a day, to know the temporal variation in the daytime, the finger's skin color and the finger's inherent skin color by the method of visual color estimation were determined successively.
The main findings were as follows :
1. As to the finger's skin color of the healthy subjects, the hue ranged 18-22 (5R-5YR), the value 4.75-5.75, the chroma 4, that is, dominant wave length 586-606nm, purity 20.0-31.0%, and luminous reflectance 17.60-27.23%. The results from the workers with Raynaud's phenomenon in latent state (hereafter referred to as Raynaud workers) were not so much different from those of the healthy subjects except that many of the formers showed chroma of 5.
2. Both among the healthy subjects and the Raynaud workers there were those showing daytime variation in hue, value and chroma. However, the prevalence of those showing daytime variation was statistically higher among the Raynaud workers with regard to hue, but conversely lower with regard to value.
3. The examinees were classified into types I, II and III by variation in hue and value. Among the Raynaud workers, the incidence of type I tended to be higher than expected, but without statistical significance.
4. Between A, B, C, D, classified by visual impression and the above mentioned I, II, III a pretty close correlation was statistically estimated (χ²=22.286, d.f.=4, P <0.01) in the healthy subjects. In the Raynaud workers, however such correlation failed to be seen.
5. As for the inherent finger's skin color, the hue of 24 tended to be seen frequently among the Raynaud wokers, but without any significancy.
6. Those classified as type B or C by visual impression were selected both from the healthy subjects and Raynaud workers, and they were compared with each other with regard to skin temperature, wettability and finger plethysmogram. There was significant difference between the two groups in wettability and pletysmogram, and tendency of difference in skin temperature. These results indicate the presence of the charasteristic feature of the Raynaud worker. The relative risk as calculated from the data was 2.8 for unstable skin tempereture type, 13.2 for high skin-electricresistance type, 22 for weak printing type, and 154 for plethysmogram type C. These will be useful clues for finding among healthy subjects, the predisposition susceptible to Raynaud's phenomenon.

抄録全体を表示

Plethysmography was performed 5 times at an hour intervals at a room temperature of 20°C with 29 healthy subjects and 10 male forestry workers who had history of Raynaud's phenomenon, but had not developed it for the last 6 months or more (here after referred to as Raynaud subjects).
The chief findings were as follows :
1) Plethysmograms from 29 healthy subjects revealed that in 4 cases (14%) (designated as group A), wave height was great, with change occurring always at the parts of great height, that in 5 cases (17%) (designated as group C), wave height was small, with change occurring always at the parts of small height, and that in the remaining 20 cases (69%) (designated as group B), the finding was intermediate between the above two. Of the 10 Raynaud subjects, however, 8 cases (80%) belonged to group C and the remaining 2 cases to goup B.
2) To seek the effects of age and occupation on plethysmogram, the wave recording was made twice with each of the 5 healthy forestry workers, and the findings were near to those of the Raynaud subjects. It was thus found that age and occupation exert great effect on plethysmogram.
3) With the healthy subjects, plethysmogram was catacrotic wave in the highest percentage (63. 4%), and sclerotic wave was never seen. With the Raynaud subjects, however, wave form was catacrotic (24%), sclerotic (54%), platean (12%) and arch wave (10%), thus showing significant difference from the healthy subjects. The 5 healthy workers showed catacrotic wave (30%), transitional type from anacrotic to sclerotic wave (30%), and anacrotic wave (40%), being thus intermediate between the above two groups. Of the healthy subjects, 62.1% showd temporal change in the wave form, while only 30% of the Raynaud subjects exhibited the change.
4) The mean up-stoke time ranged 0.13-0.16 sec. with the healthy subjects, and 0.23-0.28 sec. with the Raynaud subjects, thus being prolonged in the latter. With the healthy workers it ranged 0.190.24sec., thus being intermediate.
5) As for change in the base line with shift in the position of the examinee, no definite direction was indicated.
6) With the healthy subjects, there was relationship between classifications by wave height of plethysmograma and by skin temperature, but such was not observed with the Raynaud subjects. No relation was observed between the former and the classification by color or humidity of the skin.
7) Some of the healthy subjects showed similar wave height to that of the Raynaud subjects, indicating the possibility of a predisposition for Raynaud's disease.

抄録全体を表示

The humidity of finger pulp were examined 5 times at an hour intervals with 29 healthy male adults and 10 male forestry workers, who had past history of Raynaud's phenomenon but had not developed it for the last 6 months or more (here after referred to as Raynaud subject).The examination was performed at a room temperature of 20-22°C, and the examined items were the impression of finger's humidity, skin electric resistance, and the printing on the perspiration paper.
The chief findings were as follows :
1) In each individual, the humidity of the finger pup is neither constant, nor varying markedly. A greater number of Raynaud subjects give visual impression of “dried hand” than healthy subjects.
2) As for skin electric resistance, healthy subjects more frequently give medium values, whereas Raynaud subjects give higher values at greater percentage.
3) In perspiration test, healthy subjects infrequently make faint printing on the perspiration paper, whereas Raynaud subjects usually make faint printing.
4) Observation on skin electric resistance and perspiration in the course of time can differentiate unstable type showing large diurnal variation from stable type showing small variation. Those giving the impression of “wet hand” are stable both in skin electric resistance and perspiration tests, giving deep printing on the perspiration paper. Those giving the impression of “dry hand” are unstable in both tests.
5) As for the relation between plethysmogram, finger's skin temperature and skin color, which were all investigated by the author's collaborators, and impression of finger's humidity, those giving the impression of “wet hand” generally show large wave height in plethysmography, while those giving the impression of “dry hand” show small wave height. No evident relation is seen between finger's skin temperature or skin color and the impression of finger's humidity.
6) Among healthy subjects are also found characteristic features of Raynaud's subjects, that io the impression of “dry hand”, lowered perspiration and unstable skin electric resistance. Those having these features are considered as “risk group”, since they may have predisposition for Raynaud's phenomenon.

抄録全体を表示

With a thermoelectric thermometer, skin temperature was determined in the course of time at a middle part of flexor side of forearm and at a finger pulp of 29 healthy males and 10 patients with Raynaud's disease in non-paroxysmal state, at a room temperture of about 20°C. At the same time, oral temperature was also determined. The results were as follows :
1. According to the mode of temporal change in skin temperature of the finger pulp and forearm, the examinees could be classified into three types-stable, unstable and medial.
2. Of the healthy subjects, the stable type was found in 41.4%, none of whom complained of cold finger; the unstable type was found in 37.9%, about a half of whom were conscious of cold sensation.
3. Among the patients with Raynaud's disease, the stable type constituted 30%, and the unstable type 50%.
4. At the same time, the author's collaborators examined finger's skin color, perspiration, skin electric resistance and plethysmogram of the finger, and cn the basis of the results, they made another typings. And these were compared with the author's classification. The latter failed to show any relationship with skin color, perspiration and skin electric resistance, but, in the healthy group, it seems to have correlation with the typing by plethysmogram.
5. Since the unstable type of skin temperature tended to be many, though without any significant difference, in the Raynaud group, those with the predisposition for this disease are considered to be found, as a risk group, among the people of the unstable type.

抄録全体を表示