The shape changes in rabbit platelets induced by ADP, NEM, KCN, PGE, , aspirin or distilled water were investigated using Born's method and electron microscopy. The following results were obtained :
1) The optical density of EDTA-PRP was increased rapidly after the addition of ADP, NEM or distilled water. ADP-induced increase in optical density has been thought to be resulted from the shape change of platelets. It could be confirmed by electron microscopy that the change in optical density was due to the morphological change in platelets.
2) When ADP was added to PRP, platelets changed their shape from “disc” to “spiny sphere” with a marked pseudopodia formation. Both microtubules and granules were concentrated in the center of platelet. This type of morphological change was followed by the platelet aggregation.
3) The platelets treated with NEM became also spherical and posessed several number of pseudopodia. As compared to ADP-induced changes, however, the pseudopodia were much shorter, microtubules were destroyed and granules were not concentrated. This kind of morphological change was not followed by the platelet aggregation. The same kind of change was introduced by the addition of distilled water.
4) The optical density of PRP was also increased by addition of KCN and PGE₁, but no significant change in platelet morphology was found by electron microscopy.
5) Aspirin also induced no changes in the shape of platelets.
6) From these results, the relationship between platelet shape change and aggregation of platelets was discussed, and it was suggested that the contractile proteins in the platelets might play an important role in such a shape change as well as the aggregation of platelets.

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種々の循環器疾患, とくに高血圧症や虚血性心疾患を有する患者において胃内視鏡検査が必要となることはしばしばであるが、本検査により重篤な循環系の障害をきたしうることは当然予想され, 事実, これまで脳血管障害, 心筋硬塞, 重症不整脈などを生じた症例が記載されている.われわれは, 幸にして本検査施行中に重大な循環器系の事故を経験してはいないが, 今回, 胃内視鏡検査時における血圧の変化を経時的に追求し, また, 同時にテレメーターによる心電図変化の持続的監視を試みたので, その成績を報告する.

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Total knee prosthesis for reconstruction of knee joint makes remarkable progress. Presently, two types of prosthesis are available. One is Hinge-type prosthesis and another is Hingeless-type. Hingeless-type prosthesis duplicates the normal movement of the knee joint, but it requires to maintain the normal intrinsic stability of the knee joint. Hinge-type prosthesis has the joint stability in itself, so it is suitable for severely destructed knee, but it does not allow the physiological polycentric movement of the knee joint, which are rotation, gliding and pseudohinge motion. Hinge-type prosthesis allows monocentric movement only.
We applied the Hinge-type knee joint prosthesis for two cases, one of which was giant cell tumor on the femoral condyle and another was the same tumor on the high tibial region. Postoperative breakage of joint part of the prosthesis did occur in both of the cases, in the femoral case on eleven months and in the tibial cases on two years five months after the surgery. From the findings of broken surface of the prosthesis, it was apparently concluded that the breakage was occured by rotatory stress which was repeatedly given to the joint part by daily living activity. Biomechanical relationship between Hinge joint and physiological knee joint movement was discussed.

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The technique for mapping regional organ function by means of the radioisotope (RI) imaging system, is presented. A mathematical model used for constructing functional images is one compartment model, which consists of theoretical disapperance of RI-tracer in blood X₁ (t) and uptake of RI-tracer in tissue X₂ (t). Sum total X (t) of X₁ (t) and X₂ (t) is expressed with X (t) =a+b exp (-Ct), which is obtained as results of the curve-fitting by Cornell's method for the observations.
Using the coefficient a, b, C obtained with curve-fitting, parameters of regional organ function derived from the one compartment model are calculated and the maps of each parameter are constructed. Results of applications of the functional imaging technique for clinical studies (i.e., thyroid-dynamic image with Tc-99m-pertechnetate, liver dynamic image with Tc-99m-Sn-colloid and myocardial dynamic image with N-13 ammonia) are presented.
Moreover, the relation between functional parameter calculated (for example, global incorporation rate constant, relative concentration coefficient, etc) in thyroid function studies and thyroid Tc99m-earlier uptake ratio (%) has been discussed by carrying out regression analysis.

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We reported previously about the method of constructing functional images, which is based on the one compartment model expressed with X (t) =a+b.exp (-ct). In this report, various errors introduced on functional images have been assessed quantitatively. Generally, the magnitude of the parameter errors in the functional image depends on the following factors : (1) dose of RI-tracer, (2) conditions of data acquisition, (3) characteristics of the radioisotope imaging system, (4) method of the data processing technique when construct the functional images.
In our studies, the parameter errors resulting from fitting exponential function X (t) as a function of RI-tracer dose, without or with the nonuniformity correction and the dead time loss correction, the manner of determination of t =0, the amplitude ratio and the magnitude of the exponent of the function, are estimated experimentally and theoretically, under the fixed conditions of data acquisition.
The results indicates that it is important to define the method of determining the point of t = 0 and to adopt the method which the accuracy and the precision of fitting exponential functions are independent of the dose of RI-tracer and the characteristics of the observations.

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M営林局管内で30才以上のチエンソー作業経歴者53人について4℃冷水に左手関節までを60秒間浸漬し, 第3指掌側中央部皮膚温 (以下, 指先温と称す) の低下と, 負荷解除後の回復状況をみた.受検者の内訳は, これまでに白指発作 (レイノー症候群) が生じ, 職業性のものと認定されたもの14人 (以下, R (+) 群), これまでに白指の生じなかったもの (同, R (-) 群) 39人である.
得られた主なる成績は以下のごとくである.
1) 冷却負荷によって指先温が14℃以下に低下したものはR (+) 群7例 (50.0%), R (-) 群9例 (23, 1%) であった。これらのものの負荷解除10分後の指先温回復状況を, 負荷直前の指先温に対する回復率でみるとき, R (+) 群の7例はすべて80%未満の回復率であった.R (-) 群では3例が80%未満, 6例は80%以上の回復であった.
2) 上記の回復状況を負荷直後指先温が15℃以上であったものと比べるとき, R (-) 群はほぼ同等の回復であったがR (+) 群では14℃以下のものの回復が有意に遅延している (P<0.05).
3) 負荷解除後10分経過時まで各1分ごとに指先温を記録し作成した指先温回復曲線からはR (+), R (-) 両群を分別する所見は得られなかった.
4) 負荷解除後, 初期の指先温回復量がR (+) 群とR (-) 群では異る傾向にあることから下式によるT_tを求めた.その結果, T_tが11以下のもの (回復延長者) はR (+) 群で13例 (92.9%), R (-) 群では17例 (43.6%) でR (+) 群が有意に高率であった (P<0.01).この分割によるR (+) 群, R (-) 群分別のsensitivityは92.9%, specificity56.4%であり, 計算式の簡略なことと併せてT_tが有用な指数となることが推測された.
T_t= (T₁+T₂+T₃) -3T₀
T₀ : 負荷終了時指先温 (℃)
T₁, T₂, T₃ : 負荷終了後, 1分・2分・3分経過時の指先温 (℃)

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