Sodium balance studies were performed in chronic Goldblatt type renovascular hypertensive rabbits in order to clarify the mechanism for maintaining the chronic hypertensive states in renovascular hypertension. In two kidney renovascular hypertension, the blood pressure was correlated positively with plasma renin activity and negatively with serum K and faecal Na excretion. Significant correlations were also demonstrated between the latter 3 parameters each other. On the other hand, there was no obvious relationship between the blood pressure and the above parameters in one kidney renovascular hypertension. When the clipped kidney was removed in two kidney type rabbits, a significant fall of blood pressure and significant decreases in hematocrit and Na retention were observed. The fall of blood pressure following the removal of the clipped kidney correlated significantly with the decrease in plasma renin activity, the decrease in hematocrit, the increase in serum K and the increase in faecal Na excretion.
The above observations were interpreted as suggesting a possibility that the increase in plasma renin activity might play an important role in maintaining hypertension in two kidney renovascular hypertension, especially in those with marked elevation of the blood pressure. However, the evidences were not obtained that either renin-angiotensin system or one kidney renovascular hypertension.

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The surgical management of large laceration of the second and third portions of the duodenum has been a difficult problem. The intestinal serosal patch procedure using the loop of the jejunum or ileum was attempted at 2 cases of duodenal wall defects due to duodenal injury and to extensive resection of tumor neighbouring the duodenum. The present study was made on the process of wound healing and mucosal repair by macroscopic, microangiographic and histologic observation, using mongrel dogs.
The results obtained were as follows :
1. In macroscopic observation, the replacement by newly regenerated mucosa over the anastomotic area of the serosal patch of the jejunum for the duodenal defect was completed at 3 or 4 weeks postoperatively.
2. The microangiographic study revealed the following findings of vascular reconstruction in the wound area. At one week postoperatively, new vascularization on the serosal surface and a little vascular communication at the edge of the defects were observed. At 2 weeks much more vascular communications were observed from the peripheri of the defect toward the center. Furthermore, the vascular communication by matured blood vessels was completed at 4 weeks.
3. In microscopic observasion, inflammatory reactions were observed the most intensely at the margin of the anastomosis at 1 week, but initial regeneration of the mucosal epitheliums was also observed at the less inflammatory area. At 2 weeks postoperatively tubular formation in regenerated mucosa was initiated at the margin and there remained little inflammatory reactions. At 4 week or longer, covering with new mucosal epitheliums on the surface of the wound and the tubular and villous formation were completed.

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In order to determine the relationship between salt intak and plasma renin activity (PRA) on epidemiological basis, 519 residents, older than 40 years, were studied in Ueno Village in Gunma Prefecture.
The mean salt intake was 13.7±5.8g/day in males and 12.8±4.6g/day in females, while the mean PRA in normotensive males and females were 2.16 ± 1.93ng/ml/h and 1.73 ±1.77ng/ml/h, respectively.
A significant negative correlation was obtained between salt intake and PRA both in normotensive males and females, but not in hypertensives. From this negative correlation line, some hypertensives were classifed as low and high renin groups, i.e. their PRA level were more than standard error of estimate.
Then, the aggravated changes of findings in ECG, eyeground and urine were compared between low and high renin hypertensive groups during past 10 years. But, no significant difference was observed between these two groups.

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Pacemaker cells of the isolated sinus node of the rabbit were exposed to the K-free and ouabain Krebs solution. Potentials recorded by means of a conventional microelectrode technique showed two types of electrogenic pump.
One of the pump was evidenced by the hyperpolarization which was activated by K⁺, Rb⁺ and Cs⁺ after applying of the K-free solution. The another was the fluctuation potential which was evoked by the K-free and ouabain solution. The former was inhibited with applying of ouabain while the latter was voltage- and Ca-dependent.
It was dicussed that the K-activated hyperpolarizatization was caused from K-cleft, and the fluctuation from the slow inward current of Ca⁺⁺.

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The factors of gastric cancer generation were still unknown, but those which stimulate the gastric cancer generation are supposed to be age, sex, heredity, meals, smoking habits, drinking of liquor, occupational hazard and so on. If there were any factors closely related to gastric cancer and other gastric diseases, it would be easy to concentrate the high risk group in gastric mass survey.
In this study, age, sex, cancer and gastric ulcer heredity in the family, food habits, kinds of meal, condition of teeth, smoking habits, drinking of liquor and complaints of the subjects were rechecked by the cards submitted in gastric mass survey.
The subjects were consisted of 700 normal persons, 690 patients with gastritis, 441 with gastric ulcer and 268 with gastic cancer diagnosed by endoscopic examination.
The results obtained in this study are as follows ;
1) High relative-risks of stomach cancer were recognized in age and sex.
2) It was shown that female's smoking habits and condition of teeth suggested to be the factors associated with becoming high risk groups tending to develop gastric cancer.
3) Female who had the habits of smoking and irregular eating was disposed to be suffered from gastric ulcer.
4) Past history of gastric ulcer had higher relative-risk of gastric ulcer than the other gastric diseases.
5) Regarding the items of complaints, high relative-ratio of gastric cancer recognized in epigastralgia, and of gastric ulcer in epigastralgia, heartburn, fullness and discomfort
From these results of this study, the following items such as sex, age, past history, smoking habits, irregular eating and some complaints are supposed to be useful in the screening of gastric mass survey.

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A case of adenomatoid tumor of the uterus was reported. The patient, 48year-old woman, had a total hysterectomy for hypermenorrhea. The uterus wighed 530g and had multiple leiomyomas and two adenomatoid tumors. The adenomatoid tumors were located on the serosal surface of uterine fundus and of right anterolateral region respectively. They were both soybean-sized, multilocular cystic nodules. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of multiple channels or tubules lined by low cuboidal cells and of solid cords of epithelium-like cells. Vacuolation of the neoplastic cells was frequently observed. The cells lining the channels often had ragged luminal boundaries, suggesting brush borders. Mitotic figures were not seen. The tumor was not encapsulated, and extension of the neoplastic channels into the subjacent leiomyoma was observed at the margin of the tumor. By transmittion electron microscopy, the cells lining the channels were separated from the fibrous stroma by a single basement membrane. The tumor cells were rich in intracytoplasmic fibrillar structures, resembling tonofilaments. Numerous microvilli and occasional cilium were seen at the free luminal border of the cells. Each cell was connected by junctional complex and interdigitations of plasma membrane with the adjacent cell. Scanning electron microscopic examination disclosed crowded microvilli on the luminal surface of the tumor cell. Occasionally, swellings of the tip of the microvilli were observed. The light and electron microscopic observations presented here suggest the mesothelial nature of the neoplastic cells and give further support to the concept of a mesothelial origin of the adenomatoid tumor.

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