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Volume 41, Issue 6
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Hajime SERITA, Noritaka OHTANI, Toshiaki MATSUNAGA, Chikai KIMURA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 313-322
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQuaternary ammonium salts of 2-vinylpyridine-vinyl alcohol (2VP-VA) copolymers were prepared by the reaction of 2VP-VA copolymers with alkyl bromides. The flocculating ability for 5% aqueous kaolin suspension was investigated in the relation to the structure of quaternary ammonium salts of 2VP-VA copolymers (polymer) by measuring the sedimentation rate, the sedimentation volume, and the residual turbidity. The results obtained were as follows. 1) For every polymer, good flocculation effects were obtained within the concentration range of 6-20 ppm, and under these conditions, the electrophoretic mobility of kaolin was relatively small. 2) The flocculating ability of every polymer increased i) with increasing molecular weight of trunk copolymer and was more dependent on the molecular weight of trunk copolymer than on the kinds of alkylating reagents, ii) with increasing the ratio of the ionic groups to that of hydroxy groups of polymer (α/FVA). 3) Polymer obtained from the quaternary ammonium salts of copolymers of the lower alkyl bromides tended to give better flocculation effects. 4) Suitable pH-value on the flocculating action was in the range of about 2-10.View full abstractDownload PDF (1365K) -
Katsutoshi TANAKA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 323-329
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDynamic mechanical properties of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) filled with powders of carbon fibers (CFP, powder of carbon fiber and GFP, that of graphite fiber) in the range of 0-0.4 in volume fraction (φr), were investigated. During the blending with a hot mixing roll, the particles of CFP in PVC were broken, but those of GFP were observed to be almost unchanged. The particles of CFP or GFP in PVC aligned parallel to the mixing-roll direction and composites with comparatively good filler orientation are obtained. The storage modulus (E′) increases by adding CFP or GFP to PVC, the E' values of the specimens cut parallel (P) to the rolling direction are greater than those cut vertically (V). The application of the mixing laws to the relative modulus (Ec′/Em′) revealed that Wu's equation reproduces the modulus at φr=0.138 of CFP-1 (P) sample and that the modified Halpin-Tsai's equation reproduces the one at φr=0.113 of GFP-1 (V) in the glassy region. In the rubbery region (T=Tg+20°C), the relative modulus of the samples (P) is less and that of the samples (V) is greater than the value estimated from Mooney's equation. The Bv values of PVC-CFP interaction were estimated to be 0.23-0.31 and 0.57-0.72 in CFP (P) and (V) systems, 0.26-0.28 and 0.71-1.01 in GFP (P) and (V) systems, respectively, at T=Tg-70°C from the relative modulus.View full abstractDownload PDF (1231K) -
Masayasu TASAKA, Tsutomu OKANO, Kenji FUJI, Noriyoshi ICHIJO, Toru FUK ...1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 331-336
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA three compartment cell was constructed with stainless steel, and the compartments were mutually separated with two ion-exchange membranes. Both the end compartments were connected with a tube filled with an electrolyte solution or two Ag/AgCl electrodes inserted in each end compartment in order to make a closed electric circuit. The electrolyte flux was larger in the case of pair of cation- and anion-exchange membranes than that of a pair of two cation-exchange membranes or two anion-exchange membranes. Moreover, a seven compartment cell was constructed with poly (methyl methacrylate) resin, and the compartments were separated alternately with cation- and anion-exchange membranes. An electropiezodialysis was carried out by applying pressure on the desalting compartments of the seven compartment cell. A part of the electric energy consumption in electrodialysis could be substituted with the energy due to the pressure difference by pressurizing on thedesalting compartments.View full abstractDownload PDF (935K) -
Tsuguo KOBAYASHI, Hideki ASANO, Tetsuo ISHIKAWA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 337-344
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe thermal degradation of polypropylene filled with CaCO3 was investigated. The following results were obtained: (1) The test of izod impact value, tensile strength and flow rate showed that the rate of thermal degradation increased with an increasing content of CaCO3. Molded samples filled with CaCO3 above about 10vol. % were almost decomposed by heating for close to 200 hours at temperatures above about 100°C. (2) The behavior of thermal deformation was similar to the reduction of mechanical properties. Micro-cracks grew at the interface between polypropylene and CaCO3. These were caused by thermal stress due to the difference of thermal expansion. (3) Molded samples filled with CaCO3 for industrial use were more decomposed than those filled with reagent CaCO3. Small quantities of impure metals are found in the industrial CaCO3; for example, Fe, Cu, Mn, Al. (4) Molded samples were greatly decomposed from surface layer to 0.5 mm depth ; the effect onthe layer to about 1.0 mm depth depended on depth and temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (1609K) -
Studies of Hydrodynamic Chromatography of Polymers IToru SHIIBASH, Kenichi ITO, Terutake HOMMA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 345-352
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFactors which contribute to the fast hydrodynamic chromatography of latex are surveyed with the aim of obtaining the particle diameter as well as the distribution. HDC of small columns packed with ion exchange resin particles with high flow rates of the eluent is proposed for determining the size of latex particles within 30 minutes. The particle sizes obtained by the HDC and by dynamic light scattering method for laboratory polymerized latex coincided well. Problems in obtaining particle size distribution are indicated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1029K) -
Minoru MIWA, Tadashi OHSAWA, Atsushi TOMITA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 353-360
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTemperature and strain rate dependences of the critical fiber length and the interfacial yield shear strength were studied for glass fiber-polypropylene resin and glass fiber-poly (butylene terephthalate) resin composites.
In both resin composites, the mean critical fiber lengths increase and the interfacial yield shear strengths decrease with the increase in temperature. The latter decrease can be explained as the relaxation of secondary bond at the interfacial domains with the increase in temperature.
The mean critical fiber lengths decrease and the interfacial yield shear strength linearly increase with the increase of the logarithm of strain rate. The temperature-strain rate reduction holds for the mean critical fiber length and the interfacial yield shear strength.View full abstractDownload PDF (1309K) -
Kenichi ITO, Toru SHIIBASHI, Etsuji MAEKAWA, Terutake HOMMA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 361-363
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHDCmeasurements for non-spherical tumbler and irregularly shaped latexes were performed on a column packed with non-porous ion exchange resin. HDCchromatograms of tumbler and irregularly shaped latexes were obtained as single peaks. Average diameters of both latexes evaluated from a calibration curve for spherical polystyrene latex were compared to the length of each part of the latex. The average diameters coincide with the maximum length of the latex. This result implies that the length along the largest part of the latex may play an important role inHDCseparation mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (661K) -
Kenichi ITO, Toru SHIIBASH, Etsuji MAEKAWA, Terutake HOMMA1984 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 365-369
Published: June 25, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFirstly, size separation of standard polystyrene latexes by GPC was performed on a column packed with controlled pore size glass Glyceryl-CPG (pore size 3000Å). Separation of the latex sizes up to 2000Å was completed. Separation was also done on a column packed with non-porous ion exchange resin CK-10H by HDC.
Second, HDC of flexible polymers of sodium poly (styrene sulfonate) and poly (ethylene oxide) was tested. Under the same experimental conditions, HDC of the latexes was made. Complete molecular weight spearation of the polymers by the HDC was obtained. When plots of d of the polymers vs. elution volume were made, the lines obtained were very similar to those usually seen in latexes. Here d is the estimated diameter of equivalent rigid spheres of the coils of the polymers in the eluant used for the HDC.
These results imply that HDC effects may be present in the usual size separation process of GPC.View full abstractDownload PDF (625K)
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