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Predecessor
Volume 53, Issue 11
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Shinji IMAMURA, Yoichiro MORI, Tsutomu KANETA, Kousei KUSHIMA1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 693-699
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe determined PVT (pressure-specific volume-temperature) relationships at different cooling rates and verified their influence on computer simulations. PVT relationship data at high cooling rate (≅100°C/min) were measured by a direct method and by a water cooling method. We verified the effect of cooling rate on crystallization temperature and specific volume. Such data were employed to compute shrinkage and warpage of injection molded model part. These data improve the accuracy of computer simulations compared with conventional data at low cooling rate (=2.5°C/min).View full abstractDownload PDF (5629K) -
Kimihiro MATSUKAWA, Katsumi TANAKA, Iwao FUJITA, Hiroshi INOUE1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 700-709
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCopolysilanes containing carbazolyl-siloxane (CzSi) side chains were prepared to study surface potential decay behavior of their composite films. Two methods, i. e., direct reaction of CzSi-containing dichorosilane and two-stage reaction including hydrosilylation of poly (allylphenylsilane-co-methylphenylsilane), were applied for the preparation. The yields, molecular weights, and Cz group contents of the copolysilanes thus obtained were found to significantly depend on the preparation method and siloxane chain length (disiloxane or octasiloxane chain). For the copolysilanes coated on a charge-generation (CG) layer, it was found by ATR-FT-IR and ESCA spectra that siloxane groups were accumulated both at the air-side uppermost surface and the interface between the CG layer and copolysilane layer. Accumulation of siloxane groups, particularly at the latter interface, was speculated to lead to the formation of insulation layers and the decrease of surface potential decay in comparison with poly (methylphenylsilane).View full abstractDownload PDF (1543K) -
Akihiro SUZUKI, Kazuyoshi KOBAYASHI1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 710-715
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStress and birefringence for the zone-drawn fibers having draw ratios (λ) of 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 times were simultaneously measured in the temperature range of 25°C to about 200°C. First, the fibers used for the measurements were characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), DSC, and TMA experiments. Consequently, the fiber with λ=1.5 showed no crystallinity, the fiber with λ=2.5 contained primary crystalline nuclei, and the fiber with λ=3.5 showed the presence of crystallites formed by the stress-induced crystallization. The changes in the stress and birefringence with temperature chiefly depended on the draw ratio. In the temperature range of 25°C to about 70°C the stress of the fiber with λ=1.5 rapidly decreased to 0 with temperature and remained at 0 above 35°C. The stresses of the fibers with λ=2.5 and 3.5 decreased to 50°C and then rapidly increased with temperature. However, the birefringence of all fibers remained approximately constant in this temperature range. Above glass transition temperature the birefringence of the fiber with λ=1.5 rapidly decreased and reached 0 at 85°C, but those of the fibers with λ=2.5 and 3.5 increased with temperature. The stresses of the fibers decreased with an increase in birefringence. The increment of the birefringence and the decrease in the stress for the fibers with λ=2.5 and 3.5 indicated that the crystallites and/or the primary crystalline nuclei oriented to the drawing direction grew preferentially in the fiber axis.View full abstractDownload PDF (4215K) -
Hiroshi KUSANAGI, Tsunetoshi MATSUDA1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 716-721
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNormal vibration calculations were made, by means of the Ab Initio molecular orbital calculation method, for the water molecules interacting with various low molecular weight compounds. The relation between the calculated νs (OH) and νa (OH) stretching frequencies of water molecules gave two master lines for (a) hydrophobic compounds and (b) hydrophilic compounds, corresponding to the two master lines based on the relation between the observed νs (OH) and νa (OH) stretching frequencies of water molecules sorbed into two kinds of polymers. Moreover, it was found that the origin of these two master lines may be attributed to the anti-symmetrical change in two OH bond distances of water molecule interacting with the compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (1137K) -
Manabu HASHIMOTO, Mitsuhiro SHIBAYAMA, Hiroshi TAKAHASHI, Shunji NOMUR ...1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 722-728
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrystallization kinetics of the polymer networks consisting of end-linked poly (tetrahydrofuran) (PTHF) has been studied by thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and small-angle light scattering (SALS) as functions of crosslinking density and crystallization temperature. In the case of polymer networks, it is expected that the rate of crystallization and the degree of crystallinity are lower than those of linear polymers because of highly restricted mobility and topological restriction of the network chains. The experimental results disclosed that the rate of crystallization at a given temperature decreased dramatically by increasing crosslinking density. This phenomenon is accounted for by the difference in the degree of supercooling. A regime theory analysis suggests that the crystallization of the network in the temperature range studied in this work belongs to regime II. On the other hand, a regime II to III transition was indicated for the prepolymer crystallized at 5°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (2646K) -
Kenji ITO, Hong-Ling LI, Koichiro ABE, Yusuke UJIHIRA, Naomoto ISHIKAW ...1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 729-736
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTemperature dependence of size and contents of free volume and the amount of hydrogen bonds in a segmented polyurethane, specially fabricated as a shape-memory polymer, was examined with positron annihilation life time technique and IR spectrometry. Based on the results obtained, free volume behaviors in the amorphous region were correlated with those of hydrogen bonds, and the shape memory mechanism of the polymer was elucidated. Variations of the free volume parameters and the amount of hydrogen bonds just above the glass transition temperature suggested that the shape memory was due to the configurational recovery of the microscopic environment around urethane bundles in the soft-segment region of the polyurethane by the thermal equilibrium.View full abstractDownload PDF (1377K) -
Hideo HORIBE1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 737-744
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dissolution characteristics of a chemically amplified resist composed of partially protected poly (p-vinyl phenol) (PVP) by t-butoxycarbonyl group (tBOC), a dissolution inhibitor and an acid generator, were investigated. We tried to decrease the dissolution rate of the resist in the unexposed area by the use of dissolution inhibitors. The dissolution rate was estimated by using a model-composition resist which consists of tBOC-PVP as matrix resin and t-butyl carboxyl ester as dissolution inhibitors. The relationship between the molecular weight of t-butyl carboxyl ester and the dissolution rate of model-composition resist was evaluated. The higher the molecular weight of t-butyl carboxyl ester, the lower the dissolution rate of model-composition resist. IR spectra showed that the higher the molecular weight of t-butyl carboxyl ester, the less the decomposition rate of the tBu group of the dissolution inhibitors at prebake. It is thought that the polymer hardness became softer by adding a dissolution inhibitor with a low molecular weight. It was found that a dissolution inhbitor with a high molecular weight decreases the dissolution rate of a resist in the unexposed area. The resist which consists of tBOC-PVP, 2, 2′-dithiosalicylic acid protected by t-butyl group and an acid generator exhibited 0.12μm L & S patterns using 80μC/cm2 EB with 50 keV acceleration voltage.View full abstractDownload PDF (3279K) -
Hiroshi YUI, Hironari SANO, Michiya OKAMURA, Shigeo ASAI, Masao SUMITA1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 745-753
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMorphologies of injection molded specimens of polypropylene (PP) /high density polyethylene (HDPE) /carbon black (CB) composite materials were observed with electron microscopes. It was found that CB interacts with HDPE and forms a CB-HDPE complex. When the content of HDPE is low, the CB-HDPE complexes disperse in the PP matrix. As the content of HDPE increases, the CB-HDPE complex and free HDPE form domains, which disperse in the PP matrix. The interaction of CB and HDPE is remarkable with Ketjenblack (KB), a special CB having a large surface area. KB interacts with HDPE and forms an electric conductive network when loaded as low as 3 vol%.View full abstractDownload PDF (9517K) -
Hirofusa SHIRAI, Atsuo TAMURA, Masahiro SUZUKI, Toshiki KOYAMA, Kenji ...1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 754-760
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComplex formation of vinylamine-acrylonitrile copolymer with Cu (II) ions in an aqueous solution was examined. The structures of the complexes changed with pH. Below pH 6.4, Cu (II) ions complexed with the vinylamine units, taking the Cu (II) (N4) planar chelated structures, and in the pH region 6.4-8, the complexes had Cu (II) (N4) planar structures with low covalent characters. Furthermore, the Cu (II) (N4) planar chelated structure is distorted above pH 8.View full abstractDownload PDF (1023K) -
Ken YUKI, Toshiaki SATO, Takuji OKAYA1996 Volume 53 Issue 11 Pages 761-763
Published: November 25, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 15, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSModification of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with an n-dodecyl end group improved the ability of the protectivecolloid in emulsion polymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate to some extent, while the emulsion polymerizations of the monomers did not proceed satisfactorily in the presence of ordinary PVA. Introduction of anionic group to the side chain of the PVA with an n-dodecyl end group also improved the ability in the emulsion polymerization of styrene to a great extent, yielding the emulsion without any characteristics of PVA system. PVA with a reactive thiol group at one end facilitated the emulsion polymerization of the monomers. The emulsions with characteristics of PVA medium appeared to be caused by block-copolymerization.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K)
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