KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU
Online ISSN : 1881-5685
Print ISSN : 0386-2186
ISSN-L : 0386-2186
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Volume 75, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Special Topic on Polymer Analysis I
Commentary
Comprehensive Papers
  • Raman Microspectroscopic Studies on Thermo-Responsive Polymer Rich Domains Formed by Optical Tweezers
    Tatsuya SHOJI, Yasuyuki TSUBOI
    2018 Volume 75 Issue 3 Pages 243-253
    Published: May 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2018
    Advance online publication: April 04, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.2017-0087
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) as a representative water-soluble thermo-responsive polymer exhibits a coil-to-globule phase transition followed by phase separation upon temperature increase, leading to the formation of polymer-rich domains in solution. Quantitative analysis of polymer concentration in polymer-rich domains is a challenging task for deeper understanding of the phenomena. Recently, we developed an analytical technique that combined optical tweezers with confocal Raman microspectroscopy to determine the concentration in the domain. Furthermore, optical tweezers enhanced by localized surface plasmon formed a micro-assembly of PNIPAM on plasmonic nanostructures, providing the platform for a highly sensitive detection technique for fluorescent and nonfluorescent organic molecules dissolved in an aqueous solution. These trapping method combined with microspectroscopies are applicable for a variety of other thermos-responsive polymers.
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  • Molecular Conformation and Intermolecular Interactions of Linear, Cyclic, and Branched Polymers in Solution by Means of Synchrotron-Radiation Small-Angle X-ray Scattering
    Ken TERAO, XinYue JIANG, Akiyuki RYOKI, Hirokazu HASEGAWA
    2018 Volume 75 Issue 3 Pages 254-264
    Published: May 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2018
    Advance online publication: April 04, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.2017-0088
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recent developments of synchrotron-radiation small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements for dilute polymer solution make it possible to determine dimensional properties and intermolecular interactions quantitatively even in common organic solvents at very low temperatures, and in viscous solvents. This paper reports these characteristics for polystyrene in two solvents at a wide temperature range, molecular conformation and intermolecular interactions for thermochromic polysilanes, and conformational properties of polysaccharides in high viscous solvents including an ionic liquid. This method can also be applied to solutions of cyclic and branched polymers with relatively low molar mass, and we describe dilute solution properties of rigid cyclic polysaccharide derivatives, semiflexible and rigid star polymers, and comb-like complexes of polyelectrolytes and rigid helical polypeptides.
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Original Papers
  • Temperature Dependent Photodegradation on Urethane Coatings for Building Materials in a Low Relative Humidity Environment
    Takato ISHIDA, Ryoma KITAGAKI
    2018 Volume 75 Issue 3 Pages 265-274
    Published: May 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2018
    Advance online publication: April 19, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.2017-0082
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Organic coatings for building exterior walls are attracting a lot of attention because of the requirement for long-term usage of buildings and other constructs. Polyurethane (PU) has been commonly applied on building exterior walls. UV irradiation tests were carried out in a custom made apparatus at low relative humidity (< 10%) and several surface temperatures. For irradiated samples, IR and Raman spectra were measured to study change of chemical structure. Irradiated samples did not yellow on exposure and we could not observe an increase of double bond groups (C=C, C=O). In terms of temperature dependent degradation reactions, the Photo-Fries reaction seemingly does not depend on temperature, whereas Norrish type reactions are promoted by higher temperature. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between aggregate-state and change of elastic modulus, in early stages, it shows a better correlation between them than in later stages.
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  • Influence of Tetrahydrofuran and Alumina Nanoparticle Interface on the Structure of Syndiotactic Poly(methyl methacrylate)
    Kazuki MATSUURA, Yasuhiro MATSUDA, Shigeru TASAKA
    2018 Volume 75 Issue 3 Pages 275-279
    Published: May 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2018
    Advance online publication: March 27, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.2017-0083
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Interfacial structures of syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (st-PMMA)/alumina nanoparticles mixtures prepared from tetrahydrofuran (THF) suspension were investigated by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Whereas an amorphous structure, containing trans-rich PMMA chains, was formed in the film prepared by annealing the mixed sample, an amorphous structure, containing gauche-rich PMMA chains, was formed in the film prepared from THF suspension of the mixed sample, and these two amorphous structures were different from that in the bulk sample without alumina. The amorphous structure containing gauche-rich chains changed to that containing trans-rich chains by heating the THF sample without alumina at the temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of st-PMMA. However, the interfacial interaction between st-PMMA and alumina prevented the change of the amorphous structures.
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  • Analysis of the Effects of Carbon Allotropes on the Pyrolysis of Polymers by Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
    Yoshitaka NAGAI, Yoshimi KAMIYA, Takayuki HONDA
    2018 Volume 75 Issue 3 Pages 280-289
    Published: May 25, 2018
    Released on J-STAGE: May 25, 2018
    Advance online publication: April 10, 2018
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1295/koron.2017-0085
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Supplementary material
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    In this paper, the effects of various carbon allotropes on the pyrolysis of two polymers, polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE), was measured by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and the results were compared with the results for samples without carbon allotropes. For both PS and PE, as the mass of added multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) increased, the change in the composition of pyrolysis products became more conspicuous. Furthermore, the compositional changes of pyrolyzates from PS and PE showed the same tendency for all investigated carbon allotropes (MWCNT, single-walled carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets and carbon black).
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