Kobunshi Kagaku
Online ISSN : 1884-8079
Print ISSN : 0023-2556
ISSN-L : 0023-2556
Volume 15, Issue 155
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
  • IV. Relations between Diffusion Coefficients of Plasticizers and Viscosities measured by Vibrating Reed Method
    Michio Kikkawa
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 143-148
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The diffusion coefficients ( D ) of plasticizers in polyvinyl Chloride compounds and viscosities of the compounds measured by vibrating reed method were reported in the previous papers, for the plasticizers, TCP, DOP and DOA, over the range of 20-120°C, and 20-60 percent plasticizer, and in this paper, the relation between them were examined. Linearity could be found betweon log D and logη50 at 20-50°C. From Eyring's equation on diffusion and viscosity, and Flory·Huggins'equati on of activity, the μ-constants could be obtained from the dependence of D·γ50 on ν1, where ν1 is volume fraction of plasticizer.
    Download PDF (1049K)
  • V. Relations to Second-order Transition Temperatures and Volume Resistivities of Compounds
    Michio Kikkawa
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 148-152
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the previous paper, the diffusion coefficients (D) of plasticizers in the polyvinyl chloride compounds were reported, for the plasticizers, TCP, DOP and DOA, over the range of 20-120°C, and 20-60 percent plasticizer. In this paper, the relations were examined between D and flex temperatures and volume resistivities of the compounds. The reciprocal of flex temperatures (Tf°K) is proportional to w2, where w2 is weight fraction of resin. If D was measured at over 100°C, linearity was found between 1/Tf and log D, but not linear at lower temperatures, and at 20°C, there seemed to exist a certain general relationship between them. A linear relationship, common to all plasticizers tested, was found between log (ρw2) and log D, where ρ is the volume resistivity of the compound.
    Download PDF (779K)
  • Akira Miyake
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 153-159
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For discussing the rotational transition in the crystalline region of linear polymers, e. g. polytetrafluoroethylene &c., the author developed an approximate theory, modifying the Hoffman's theory concerning the transition in normal paraffines and assuming that the energy needed for transforming the chain segment from static state to rotating state is proportional to α-power of the fraction x residing in static state of the total number of segments. For discussing the nature of this approximate theory, he showed its correspondence to the theory of Bethe-Takagi approximation taking account of the nearest neighbor interactions between segments lying along the molecular chain and standing side by side perpendicular to the chain, and he explained the physical meaning of α and investigated the pnactical conditions.
    Download PDF (1093K)
  • on Intramolecular Hydrogen Bond
    Masakazu Matsumoto, Kiyokazu Imai
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 160-164
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    By using heptanetriol-(2, 4, 6) and pentanediol-(2, 4) as a model of polyvinyl alcohol, the infrared spectra of them were measured in chloroform or carbon tetrachloride solution at about 3μ region. Absorption band correspondig to intramolecular hydrogen bonded OH was observed and it was found that heptanetriol-2, 4, 6 forms intramoledular hydrogen bonds as much as possible, so that the number of free OH is nearly one in three hydroxyl groups in a molecule. When phenol as a proton donner or hexamethylene tetramine as a proton acceptor was added to the solution of the above model compounds, the absorption band corresponding to the intramolecular hydrogen bond was reserved. Therefore it appears that polyvinyl alcohol retains its intramolecular hydrogen bond in water solution, because water is weaker than phenol or hexamethylene tetramine in the ability for donating or accepting proton.
    Download PDF (837K)
  • I. Emulsion Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate with Presence of Polyvinyl Alcohol
    Seizo Okamura, Takao Yamashita
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 165-170
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    So-called grafting copolymerization is found to occur in the emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with presence of polyvinyl alcohol. Some relations are also studied on the grafting efficiency and the condition of polymerization.
    Download PDF (1056K)
  • II. Emulsion Polymerization of Vinyl Acetate with Presence of Partially Saponified Polyvinyl Acetate
    Seizo Okamura, Takuhiko Motoyama, Takao Yamashita
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 170-174
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The latex obtained by emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate with presence of partially saponified polyvinylacetate is found to be more stable and also more viscous than that formed with presence of completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol, reported in the first of these series. The grafting efficiency of the partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol is relatively larger than that of polyvinyl alcohol, in the reverse order of chain transfer constants in solution polymerization. This reversal order is considered to attribute in the colloidal behavior of the heterogeneous polymerization.
    Download PDF (774K)
  • Ichiro Sakurada, Norio Ise, Msao Hosono
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 175-180
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An experimental study is carried out on the potentiometric titration of the poly (vinyl alcohol) partially acetalized with glyoxylic acid. It reveals that the titration curve of the polyacid with fairly large dissociation constant is better fitted by the relation proposed firstly by Pals and Hermans than by Katchalsky's equation. The radius of this polyacid in solution is estimated from the electrostatic free energy change so obtained, by the use of our theoretical treatment of polyelectrolyte solutions: the size is found to have the tendency of decreasing sharply with polymer concentration. The radical discrepancy between electrophoretic and potentiometric potentials is also discussed.
    Download PDF (1119K)
  • XX. Radical Polymerization of Butyl Acrylate or Methacrylate: Effect of Dimethylaniline on the Polymerization
    Minoru Imoto, Takayuki Otsu, Tadatoshi Ota
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 181-185
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A study of the polymerizations of butyl acrylate or methacrylate initiated by 2, 2′-azobisisobutyronitrile in the presence or absence of dimethylaniline at 60°C has been made. In the absence of dimethylaniline, it was proved that the initial rate of polymerization, Rp, could be expressed by the equation:
    Rp=k {m}[ABIN]
    where [M] and [ABIN] are the initial concentrations of the monomer and 2, 2′-azobisisobutyronitrile respectively. When dimethylaniline was added to the polymerization system of both monomers, it was found to appear an induction period in relation to the concentration of dimethylaniline. These inhibitions by dimethylaniline were not observed in the polymerization of usual monomers such as styrene, methyl methacrylate and acrylonitrile.
    Download PDF (950K)
  • Tamotsu Eguchi, Masakazu Matsumoto
    1958 Volume 15 Issue 155 Pages 186-190
    Published: March 25, 1958
    Released on J-STAGE: October 14, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Polyvinyl alcohol was acetalized by β-cyclohexylamino-n-butyraldehyde dimethyl acetal with H2SO4 catalyst. The composition of so obtained β-amino-acetalized polyvinyl alcohol was studied. In the case of α-aminoacetalized polyvinyl alcohol half-acetal linkage had been reported, but in the present case the existence of half-acetal linkage was denied. Sulfate combined with amino group in mol ratio of 1: 2 can not be removed by dialysis, if the concentration of the polymer is kept higher than 3% in dialysis.
    Download PDF (703K)
feedback
Top