The direct current conductivity of polypropylene films with spherulite of average size of about 20μ was measured as a function of spherulite number, temperature (80-40°C) and field strength (24 and 144kV/cm).
It was found that conductivity was increased nearly proportional to spherulite number and conduction activation energy apparently depended on spherulite number and field strength.
Leakage current flow through one spherulite increased from 10 to 70 times of that of non-spherulite region with same volume to one spherulite.
It is presumed that these change of conductive property due to existence of fine crackings in or boundaries of spherulites.
The conductivity and conduction activation energy appear to be relative insensitive to polymer crystallinity.

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Small deformation of crystallites by tensile stress applied in the direction to fiber axis was studied by X-ray method on 6 nylon γ-phase obtained by I₂-treatment of α-phase fiber. The deformation by the stress was measured in both the direction to and normal to the stress: the measurements were made in (004), (006) and (100) spacings. Irreversible strains were induced under the relatively small stress and became striking with the increase in the stress. Young's modlus in the direction to the chain axis and Poisson's ratio in the direction normal to (100) plane under the stress, which were both calculated from the reversible components of the strains, were 1.8×10⁵ kg/cm² and 0.72, respectively. A transition of the crystal phase from γ to a was found under the high stress. The pseudo-hexagonal cell of γ-phase crystal was easily deformed to monoclinic under the stress, though the deformation was reversible after removal of stress if the stress was less than about 4000 kg/cm². It was concluded that the γ→α transition of 6 nylon crystallites was taken place by higher stress more than about 4000 kg/cm². The result obtained suggests that the γ→αtransition observed by Arimoto on the drawing of an unoriented γ-phase sample is not induced by unfolding of γ-phase crystallites and following recrystallization to the α-phase, but by stretching of the crystallites along chain axis after completion of the orientation.

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Polyphosphonoamides which contain phosphorus in the main chain were prepared from four kinds of organophosphonodichlorides, such as phenylphosphonyl dichloride, phenyldichlorophosphate, phenylthiophosphonyl dichloride and benzylphosphonyl dichloride, with piperazine by the interfacial polycondensation or the solution polycondensation in chloroform.
The correlation between the reaction condition and the degree of polymerization. and the effects of substituents of phosphonodichlorides on the degree of polymerization was studied. The highest value of degree of polymerization (12) was obtained by the solution polycondensation of benzylphosphonyl dichloride with piperazine in chloroform at 0°C

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Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was saponified with various bases in an acetone-water mixture (7: 3 byvolume). Initial rate constant (_k0) of the saponification was in order of (n-C₄H₉) ₄NOH>LiOH=N_aOH=KOH=C_sOH, and the order of autocatalytic effect (m) of the saponification was LiOH=NaOH=C_sOH>KOH>(n-C₄H₉) ₄NOH. Ethyl acetate and 2, 3-butanediol diacetate (BA) were also saponified in the aqueous acetone, and it was found that (n-C₄H₉) ₄NOH showed the largest ko and the least m among the above mentioned bases. Furthermore, it was found that the ratio of conductivity of the base in the aqueous acetone to that in water was dependent on the kind of bases. ased on these results the dependence of m on the kind of bases was discussed from the point of view of their solution states.

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Allylcyclopentadiene was polymerized by using several Friedel-Crafts catalysts in toluene and in methylene chloride at 0 or -78°C. The polymers obtained were soluble in organic solvents such as toluene and carbon tetrachloride. The polymerization proceeded mostly through the cyclopentadienyl group, the allyl group, remaining unchanged in polymer. The structure of the polymer was determined by investigating its NMR spectrum according to the method proposed in the case of polycyclopentadiene, and it was shown that the 1, 4-addition and 3, 4-addition structure were formed in about the same amount. The polymerization by several complex catalysts were also studied. Most of the com-plex catalysts gave polymers having the structure similar to the Friedel-Crafts catalyzed polymer. However, in some case, some allyl groups seemed to be involved in polymerization.

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