The effects of selenium utilization on the safety of the silver amalgam were studied in the cultured L cells and mice.
(1) Silver-tin spherical alloy was triturated with mercury. The amalgam pieces were immersed immediately in the culture medium, being rolled for 3 or 4 days. In terms of
51Cr release assay and microscopic observation, the amalgam-immersed medium, the final concentration being 1.0g amalgam in 1m
l medium, showed severe cytotoxicity, which was counteracted dose-dependently by the simultaneous administration of 12.5-100. μM of sodium selenite.
(2) The cytotoxicity of the amalgam was suppressed markedly by incorpor a ting 0.2wt% of selenium into the alloy. The selenium content below 0.1wt% or above 0.4wt% in the alloy was not sufficient for attenuating the amalgam cytotoxicity.
(3) The amalgam-immersed medium made from 0.2wt% selenium-containing alloy was injected intraperitoneally into the male ddY mice for 7 days, totaling 1.3g per gram of body weight. In mice receiving selenium-lacking amalgam, the behavior was inactive, the body weight did not increase and the proximal tubules of the kidneys were damaged whereas with the selenium-containing amalgam, the behavior was active, the body weight increased and the renal tissues were not impaired. The hepatocytes were damaged in the mice receiving amalgam, which contained or lacked selenium.
(4) The toxicity of the silver amalgam was decreased markedly in the cultured L cells and mice when selenium was added to the alloy.
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