In the isolated sartorius muscles, some characteristics of active Na efflux were investigated by washout experiments of radioactive Na, Ca or P with special reference to ouabain action, Ca kinetics and ATP utilization .1) Ouabain affected an accelerated Na-K exchange in the state of the membrane depolarized with Ca⁺⁺ removal, high K⁺ or azide. These depolarized states were different in membrane macromolecular conformation from each other when considered from the effect of ouabain on ²²Na efflux in every case, and the change in the efflux was not directly interpreted in terms of withdrawal of membrane Ca⁺⁺2) External Ca ions antagonized the action of ouabain, the relationship between them being probably indirect. The effective concentration of ouabain in suppressing ²²Na efflux was higher in Na-loaded muscles than in normal muscles, and it was assumed that an addition of external K⁺ and ouabain could result in the change in Na⁺ content by influencing separately on Na pump activity. ²²Na net efflux under Na free condition was affected by ouabain and also by externally applied ATP.3) ATP disturbed the effect of ouabain on ²²Na efflux but not on its effect on ⁴⁵Ca dissociation. ATP may behave as an energy source at lower concentrations and may form certain complex to prevent further release of membrane Ca⁺⁺ at higher concentrations. Labile state of membrane Ca⁺⁺ caused by ouabain was facilitated by trypsinization but not by lipolysis. Ouabain mobilized transiently membrane Ca⁺⁺. Ouabain may cause the effect on active Na extrusion by influencing on protein portion of the membrane and this change may simultaneously make membrane Ca⁺⁺ labile. Moreover, ouabain rendered the phosphorous component of the membrane unstable but this fact did not characterize the effect of this drug on ²²Na efflux.

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The carbohydrate-protein complexes occurring in the mucous epithelium of gastrointestinal tract have been extensively studied in recent years. One of the predominant components isolated from these sources was found to belong to the neutral mucopolysaccharide or f ucomucan in the carbohydrate type and, therefore, to be closely similar in chemical and physicochemical properties to the water-soluble blood-group substances. Structural investigations on these glycoproteins have been directed primarily towards their carbohydrate moiety and especially the terminal carbohydrate residues which are the determinants for the blood-group activity.Apart from the blood-group activity of these kinds of glycoproteins, our previous studies revealed that the epithelial glycoprotein isolated from human gastric mucosa gave the specific precipitate line with rabbit immune serum in the Ouchterlony double diffusion test and that, though this material possessed a high ABO blood-group activity in the hemagglutination-inhibition test, the precipitate reaction was independent of the blood-groups of materials. Using the fluorescent antibody technic, this antigenic glycoprotein was demonstrated to be localized intensely in mucoid cells and mucus secretion within the normal mucosa but not in other layers of stomach.Attempts in this experiment were devoted into the demonstration of the glycoprotein in gastric cancer tissues with an immunof luorescent technic and, especially, into the investigation how it would be distributed in cancer cells of different types.

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The pathogenicity of S. marcescens for mice was quantitatively examined.The results obtained are as follows:1. The numbers of bacillus in one LD₅₀ were 2.8×10⁷, 1.0×10⁸ and 5.1×10⁵ in the case of intraperitoneal, intravenous and intracerebral infection, respectively, whereas that of Kl. pneumoniae in the case of intraperitoneal infection was 5.1×10⁴.2. The large number of bacilli were recovered from lung, liver, kidney and brain of dead mice after infection.3. It was observed that the number of bacilli in spleen disappeared within 7 to 14 days after infection.It could be said from these results that S. marcescens is surely pathogenic for mice, although its pathogenicity is very low.

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In the previous papers, some attempts for purification and concentration of the GDVII strain of mouse encephalomyelitis virus by means of ether extraction, metanol-acetone precipitation, hemagglutination, and agglutination to red cell stroma were reported. Purification of the GDVI virus by hemagglutination was described by Lahelle and Ward.The presenting paper is to describe a method for purification of the GDVII virus and to show an electron micrograph of the virus particles. In particular, the experiments payed an attention to removal of normal tissue components contained in the starting materials.

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