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Volume 55, Issue 1+2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Original Contribution
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MISARI OE, MASAHARU MAEDA, NAOHISA UCHIMURA2008 Volume 55 Issue 1+2 Pages 1-6
Published: July 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the general health and psychological symptoms among survivors of the 1996 Garuda Indonesia air disaster in Japan. We conducted a prospective study 6 months and 1 year (Study 1) after the disaster. A retrospective follow-up study was performed ten years after the disaster (Study 2). The mean score on the 28-Item General Health Questionnaire was 6.5 (SD=6.9) 1 year after the disaster. Those who witnessed the death of an acquaintance in the disaster were classified into the high risk group. In Study 2, more than one-third of respondents complained of a flying phobia. These findings indicate that the psychological burdens of air disasters may last as long as 10 years.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
YUICHIRO SATO, YASUMI ARAKI, YUTAKA OGATA, KAZUO SHIROUZU2008 Volume 55 Issue 1+2 Pages 7-11
Published: July 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was conducted to compare and evaluate the extent of anal sphincteric resection and the degree of anal dysfunction in sphincter saving operations for lower rectal cancer using experimental porcine models. Each 10 Clawn miniature pigs underwent transanal intersphincteric resection (ISR), ISR with partial (one-quarter) external sphincteric resection (ESR-25%), and ISR with partial (one-half) external sphincteric resection (ESR-50%). An anorectal physiological study was performed before, one month, and three months after surgery in these three groups. The anal maximum resting pressure (AMRP) decreased from 45.1 cmH2O in the control group to 14.8, 14.3 and 11.1 cmH2O one month after surgery, and to 15.2, 8.8 and 5.2 cmH2O three months after surgery, in the ISR, ESR-25% and ESR-50% groups, respectively. The anal maximum squeezing pressure (AMSP) decreased from 81.7 cmH2O in the control group to 42.1, 40.1 and 41.1 cmH2O one month after surgery in the ISR, ESR-25% and ESR-50% groups, respectively. Three months after surgery, the MSP increased to 78.1 and 68.1 cmH2O in the ISR and ESR-25% groups, respectively, but the ESR-50% group showed a significantly lower MSP of 39.2 cmH2O compared with other two groups. The ratio of the potential difference on electromyographic (EMG) was 0.19 in the ESR-50% group, and this value was significantly lower than 0.8 in the ISR and ESR-25% groups, one month after surgery. Three months after surgery, the potential ratio of EMG was increased almost to the preoperative level both in the ISR and ESR-25% groups, but the ratio of the potential difference in the ESR-50% group with redness, sore and soiling around anus was 0.19 and significantly lower compared with other groups. The results of this study indicate that porcine models with additional resection of less than one quarter of the external anal sphincter have little anal dysfunction. A human clinical trial is needed to determine the ESR for very low rectal cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1301K) -
AKIKO SHIMADA, TAKEHARU KOGA, YUICHI OSHITA, MIKIKO HANADA, YOSHIRO NA ...2008 Volume 55 Issue 1+2 Pages 13-17
Published: July 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLung parenchymal disease is associated with reduced pulmonary function in patients with sarcoidosis, however, the underlying pathophysiology of the condition is unclear. The present study was conducted to characterize the association between pulmonary function and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) findings in patients with sarcoidosis. Twenty-three patients with lung parenchymal disease (stage 2) and twenty-five patients without lung parenchymal disease (stage 1) underwent pulmonary function tests, including blood gas analysis, spirometry and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) and BAL, to determine the number of inflammatory cells, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 activity and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 concentration in the lower airway. Vital capacity (VC) to its reference value (%VC) and %DLco were significantly reduced in patients with stage 2 disease in comparison with those with stage 1 disease. BAL fluid analysis revealed that the numbers of total inflammatory and CD8 cells, and TIMP-1 concentration were significantly higher in patients with stage 2 disease in comparison with those in patients with stage 1 disease. There were significant correlations between %VC and the numbers of inflammatory cells and TIMP-1 in the BAL fluid. These results suggest that inflammation and enhanced TIMP-1 concentration in the lower airway play critical roles in the impaired pulmonary function in patients with lung parenchymal sarcoidosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (565K) -
MITSUNORI MATSUO2008 Volume 55 Issue 1+2 Pages 19-28
Published: July 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have previously reported that heparan sulfate (HS) ⁄ heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG, syndecan-1) expression significantly increased in the rat kidney during calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis. Although the exact mechanism of the increased syndecan expression still remains unclear, HS⁄syndecan is thought to have some important roles in CaOx crystal formation. The present study examined the role of HS during oxalate exposure by using a newly developed cell line (KIC-synd-1) that expresses human heparan sulfate proteoglycan (syndecan-1). Quantitative competitive (QC)-RT-PCR was used to examine change of syndecan-1 mRNA expression in KIC-synd-1 cells. Production of syndecan-1 core protein and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were also confirmed by Western blot, immunohistochemistry and HPLC, respectively. Wild type Mardin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were also examined in the same manner. The stable expression of syndecan-1 gene and production of both core protein and HS chains were confirmed in the newly developed KIC-synd-1 cell line. Increased syndecan-1 mRNA expression and production of core proteins were confirmed in KIC-synd-1 cells during oxalate exposure. MTT assay revealed that the cell viability decreased significantly in the MDCK cells after 1 mM oxalate exposure (p<0.05). On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the oxalate exposed KIC-synd-1 cells. However, the cell viability in KIC-synd-1 cells pretreated with heparitinase digestion decreased significantly before oxalate exposure (p<0.05). The present data suggests that both exogenous and endogenous HS exerts protective effect against oxalate-induced cell injuries. Previous studies in our laboratory have indicated that hyperoxaluria and deposition of CaOx crystals resulted in renal tubular cellular injury inducing the synthesis of HSPG to protect and repair the damaged epithelial cell surface. The present data offers strong support for this hypothesis. Finally, HS could be potent inhibitor of CaOx nephrolithiasis and the absence of this substance on the tubular surface may increase the risk of CaOx crystal formation and retention.View full abstractDownload PDF (18745K)
Case Report
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ATSUNORI NAKAO, YASUHISA OKAMOTO, MASATAKA SUNAMI, TAKUJI FUJITA, TAKA ...2008 Volume 55 Issue 1+2 Pages 29-33
Published: July 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a 91-year-old woman presenting bowel obstruction due to impacted gallstone, who was the oldest patient which has been reported in Japanese scientific literature. The patient was referred to our hospital due to vomiting and abdominal pain. Computed tomography and abdominal X-ray showed dilated loops of small intestine associated with air-fluid levels, pneumobilia, and a calcified mass in the left iliac fossa. After the diagnosis of bowel obstruction due to gallstone was made, an enterotomy and lithotomy was performed under spinal anesthesia. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. We also reviewed 176 cases of gallstone ileus which were reported in the Japanese literature in the past 20 years. The retrospective analysis demonstrated that one-stage enterolithotomy alone may be acceptable as the first choice of operative treatment. The gallstone ileus is a rare, but important disease because urgent and appropriate surgical therapy is required.View full abstractDownload PDF (667K)
Review Article
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DEREK R. SMITH2008 Volume 55 Issue 1+2 Pages 35-36
Published: July 31, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: November 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (488K)
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