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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
Cover13-
Published: December 31, 1993
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Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
Cover14-
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Norihiro KOYAMA
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
517-528
Published: December 31, 1993
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The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of ovarian renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the preovulatory cascade. The intrafollicular angiotensin II (Ang II) content and renin activity were significantly increased following exposure to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), compared with control ovaries perfused with medium alone. The addition of 100 or 10μg Ang II to the perfusate induced ovulation and stimulated the meiotic maturation of ovulated ova and follicular oocytes. Concomitant addition of a specific receptor antagonist of Ang II, saralasin, blocked Ang II-induced ovulation in a complete manner. Furthermore, saralasin inhibited hCG-induced ovulation in a dose-dependent manner. An angiotensin I -converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, significantly inhibited the meiotic maturation in the ovulated ova and follicular oocytes stimulated by hCG. In conclusion, these data indicate that gonadotropins stimulate the renin activity and Ang II production in the rabbit ovary. The ovarian RAS may play an important role in the process of ovulation and oocyte maturation following gonadotropin exposure, as a significant autocrine or paracrine modulator of ovarian function.
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Uichiro TANAKA
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
529-539
Published: December 31, 1993
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Glomerular diseases, especially hepatic glomerulosclerosis were investigated in 144 cases with liver cirrhosis. Following results were obtained. 1) Urinary abnormalities were found in 70 cases (49%) ; isolated hematuria in 15 (10%), isolated proteinuria in 18 (13%) and proteinuria as well as hematuria in 37 (26%). 2) In patients with abnormal urinalyses, 72% had mild clinical manifestation such as chronic nephritic syndrome, recurrent hematuria and proteinuria, but the remaining 26% had severe clinical manifestations such as nephrotic syndrome or rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). 3) In histological findings, 45 cases (87%) showed cirrhotic glomerulosclerosis. Among them, 27 (52%) had mild mesangial alteration and 17 (33%) had mesangial proliferation with glomerular capillary wall thickening (MPGN-like lesion). 4) Severity of glomerular changes were correlated well with the duration and the grade of liver cirrhosis. 5) 18 of 59 cases (31%) resulting in renal failure was thought to be induced by cirrhotic glomerulosclerosis. It was concluded that according to the recent improvement of the life span of the patients with liver cirrhosis, severe glomerular lesions such as MPGN-like lesion increased comparing with mild ones such as mesangial alteration which was regarded as most representative glomerular lesion associated with liver cirrhosis.
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Youji OKADA
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
541-550
Published: December 31, 1993
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The influence of fatty acid (FA) micelles on cytochrome c (cyt. c) reduction and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assays for SOD activity, which continue to be widely used, has been studied. In the presence of FA micelles the use of cyt. c reduction assay was found to overestimate the real activity of SOD. This effect is attributed to the following reasons. 1. The FA micelles lead to the disrupture of the Heme-Met80 bond of cyt. c, which gives rise to suppression of the reactivity of ferricyt. c (cyt. c (ox.) ) towards O_2-. Furthermore, this structual change increases the reoxidation rate of ferrocyt. c, and conscequently the reoxidation gives a decreased rate of cyt. c (ox.) reduction. 2. Positively charged cyt. c (ox.) interacts with negatively charged FA micelles and so cyt. c (ox.) on the surface of FA micelles reacts less with negatively charged O_2- by electrostatic repulsion. Also in NBT reduction assay using positively charged detecter molecule FA micelles cause the appearance of enhancement of SOD activity, due to suppression of the reactivity of NBT towards O_2- by electrostatic repulsion. However, in both chemiluminescence assay using the uncharged detector molecule and LDH-NADH assays using the negatively charged detector molecule. FA micelles cannot influence the assays of the SOD activity, because the micelles do not interact with detector molecules.
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Yumi FURUHASHI
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
551-568
Published: December 31, 1993
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The role of protein kinase (PKase) in the regulation of the cell proliferation in the diabetic retinopathy, was investigated with the eyeball tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, The nuclei and cytosol (CYT) were sequentially prepared from the eyeball tissue of female Wistar rats, which were given streptozotocin (STZ) (80mg/kg) using a single intraperitoneal injection, at the age of approximately 10 weeks. The nuclear protein fraction (ENP) was extracted by a hypotonic buffer solution. Both fractions of the ENP and CYT were further fractionated by a DEAE-cellulose column chromatography with a stepwise NaCl concentration gradient elution. The PKase activity in the eluates was determined with casein and [^<32>P] ATP as the substrates. A remarkable increase in activity was observed in 0.15M NaCl containing fraction of the eluates in ENP 48hr after the STZ administration, whereas the activity in 0.3M NaCl containing fraction of the eluates in CYT elevated 72hr after the injection. A partial purified enzyme found in the 0.15M NaCl fraction of the ENP was characterized for its enzymological properties. The enzyme had an optimal pH at 7.5, 6.08×10^<-6>M of Km (substrate : ATP), and 6.13p mol/min/mg of maximal velocity at 37℃ (Vmax). The enzymatic activity was not affected by the addition of H-7, cAMP, nor cGMP, inhibited by heparin, polyuridygic acid, polyglutamic acid, or polyaspartic acid, and activated by spermine, polylysine, or polyarginine. The enzyme required Mg^<2+> for the maximal activation, but not Na^+, K^+, nor Ca^<2+>. Phosvitin was phosphorylated by the enzyme, but not histone nor a synthetic peptide, casein kinase II (CK II)-specific substrate. These properties indicate that this nuclear protein kinase is simillar to, but absolutely different from CK II. The results also suggests that this nuclear enzyme would play an important role in the intranuclear cell proliferative mechanisms in diabetes mellitus (DM) after STZ administration.
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Katsumi HIGASHI
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
569-577
Published: December 31, 1993
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We demonstrate the probability of bone marrow transplantation from mice cadavers. After lethal total-body irradiation with gamma rays, recipient mice (female) were injected intravenously with bone marrow cells from donor mice (male) which were sacrificed and kept at 4℃ for 24 hours (the carcass group). These mice were compared with those to which the donor bone marrow cells obtained immediately after sacrifice were transplanted (the today group). We have found that the survival rate depends on the transplanted cell number and the necessary cell number for survival in the carcass group is twice as large as in the today group. Comparing the cell number of bone marrow and spleens from the both groups alive for one month, we have found no significant differences in the nucleated cell count and the number of megakaryocytes between two groups. The chromosomal examination of bone marrow from two groups alive one month later showed chimeras and complete replacement with donor chromosomes was confirmed in the mice which survived for more than twelve months. These results suggest the sufficient probability of bone marrow transplantation from cadavers.
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
579-580
Published: December 31, 1993
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
580-581
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
581-582
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
583-
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
584-585
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
585-586
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
587-588
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
588-589
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
590-591
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
591-592
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
592-593
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
593-594
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
595-596
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
596-597
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
597-598
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
598-599
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
599-600
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1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
601-
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
602-603
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
603-604
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
604-605
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
606-607
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
607-608
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
608-609
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1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
610-611
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1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
611-612
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
613-614
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
614-615
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
615-616
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1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
617-618
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
618-619
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
620-621
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
621-622
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
622-623
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
623-624
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Article type: Article
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
625-626
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
627-628
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
629-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
629-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
629-
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
App8-
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Article type: Index
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
i-iii
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Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 24 Issue 4 Pages
App9-
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