-
Zen-ichi SANO, Akira GOTOH
1972 Volume 18 Pages
1-6
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In order to estimate analytically the susceptibility of nematodes of different stages, an immersion test proposed by Moje (1959) was examined. The standard procedure by the present authors is as follows: 1) to immerse nematodes in the solution of a given chemical for 24 hours 2) remove the solution of the chemical (needed two hours) and store the treated nematodes in sterile water for 22 hours and 3) separate mobile nematodes from the immobile by cotton wool filter for 24 hours and calculate mortality of the nematodes. Temperature during experiments is 25°.
As a test nematode, the southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) was used. Larvae were obtained from egg-masses or infected soils by Baermann funnel technique or sieving plus Baermann method. It is convenient to use about a hundred nematodes for a treatment. Loss of M. incognita larvae during test process is considered to be about ten per cent. From 70 to 90 % of mobile larvae of M. incognita were isolated by the cotton wool filter specially designed, where the coefficient of the variation was less than twenty per cent in most experiments. The rate of separation reached the maximum within 24 hours. An example is given in Table 1.
Storing treated nematodes in sterile water leads them to death or recovery from anesthetization. Relation of procedure to remove EDB emulsion and period for maintaining the nematodes treated with EDB in water, to the mortality of M. incognita larvae is shown in Table 2. Mortality due to 24 hours store was near to that for 46 hours.
In most experiments, linear correlation was observed between concentrations in logarithm of EDB and mortality in probit at the level of 95 % confidence, except some lower concentrations (Figs. 2 and 3). Results of experiments conducted by the same person in August, September and October with M. incognita larvae from egg-masses on the roots of sweet potato in the same field are shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The figures indicate the reproductivity in a sense of the experiments by the present method. LC-50 of the nematodes from sweet potato to EDB was 86 and 80 ppm in August (from Figs. 2 and 3), 54 ppm in September and 77 ppm in October (Fig. 2). The relation between temperatures during immersion in EDB emulsion and the mortality of M. incognita larvae was also examined (Table 3).
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
6-8
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
9-10
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Akira SAKANOSHITA, Yoshihumi YANAGITA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
11-12
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Daily activity of emergence, copulation and oviposition was observed from December 11 to 24, 1971.
Emergence occurred mostly in the afternoon, showing the peak at 14 o'clock. Temperature at the peak was 22°C. Copulation was observed to take place mostly at 19 o'clock, 2 hours after the sunset, at 12°C. Copulation lasted 1 to 4 hours. The period from emergence to copulation varied from 8 to 15 hours.
The first peak of oviposition was found at 19 o'clock, 24 to 25 hours after the beginning of copulation. The next peak came 24 hours after the first. Total eggs laid per moth varied from 59 to 130, the average being 90.3.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
13-15
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Tadatora OKADA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
15-17
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Water suspension of the Spodoptera polyhedra purified containing 0.05% Triton X-100 and added with gelatin was sprayed on the upper surface of Colocasia esculenta leaves. Neonate larvae of the Spodoptera were fed on the leaves at 25°C for 24 hr.
Viral activity of the polyhedra decreased rapidly after spraying under outdoor conditions, but much less in a glasshouse or darkroom. Under the outdoor conditions, the polyhedra sprayed with 5% gelatin solution held their viral activity more than that without gelatin, about three to five times as long as the cnotrol in time for 50% infection.
In an experiment on various concentration of the gelatin, it was appeared that the higher concentration kept the viral activity longer. This suggests the effects of thickness of gelatin coated on polyhedra.
View full abstract
-
Yoshinobu ARATAKE, Tsuruo KAYAMURA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
17-20
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A nuclear-polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of the gypsy moth, Lymantria disparj aponica, was not infectious to the silkworm, Bonibyx mori, and other seven species of lepidopterous insects, but infectious to three species: Euproctis silinais, Dendrolimus spectabilis, and Clostera anastomosis. On the other hand, a cytoplasmic-polyhedrosis virus (CPV) of L. dispar, showed a wider host-range compared with the Lyznantria NPV, infecting to B. mori, E. silinzis, D. spectabilis, C. anastomosis, Malacosoma neustria testacea, Lymantria nzathura aurora, Philosanzia cynthia pryeri, Dictyoploca japonica, Scopelodes contracta, and Arcte coerztlea.
A Lyznantria CPV retained the infectivity to B. mori after a passage through the alternate hosts: E. similis, P. cynthia pryeri, S. contracta, C. anastomosis, M. neustria testacea, and L. mathura aurora. A Lyznantria CPV was still infectious to the original host after several passages through B. mori, but it took a longer incubation period of lethal infection than the original Lymantria CPV.
View full abstract
-
Kiyoshi KOIDE, Akira SAKANOSHITA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
21-23
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
On both a gall midge (Contarinia sp.) parasitic in the seeds of barnyard-grass (Echinoclloa crusgalli subspp.) and three species of Chalcidoidea parasitic on the larva of this midge, the number of adult emerged and the percentage of parasitism were investigated from July 15 to October 30 in 1971.
This midge was almost monoparasitic, and had about 10 generations in a year, which did not overlap, and its seasonal prevalence was fairly regular before the end of August. The maximum percentage of parasitism was 11%, and there were peaks in the middle of August. The daily peak time of their emergence was from 9.00 to 10.00 a. m.
On the other hand, the percentage of parasitism to Contarinia larva by three species of Chalcidoidea was generally high, the maximum was 92%.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
23-27
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
27-29
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
30-32
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
32-34
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1972 Volume 18 Pages
34-36
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
37-40
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
41-43
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
43-45
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
46-48
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yoichi MAEDA, Shigeo MORIYA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
49-51
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The susceptibility to 7 carbamate insecticides of the green rice leafhopper, collected from several points in Kyushu district in 1971, was determined by means of microtopical application method.
The LD
50 values of each insecticide to the leafhopper tested were few times higher than those to the susceptible strain. A little local fluctuation was observed on the susceptibility among collect areas except Kumamoto, where the leafhopper showed rather low susceptibility to any test insecticides.
During recent ten years, LD
50 values of carbaryl and malathion to the leafhopper at Chikugo increased to about 9 times compared with initial values. It is considered that susceptibility of the leafhopper to other substituted phenyl carbamate insecticides also has generally decreased in Kvushu district.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
51-53
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1972 Volume 18 Pages
53-55
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1972 Volume 18 Pages
56-57
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
57-59
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
59-61
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
61-63
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
63-65
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
65-66
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
66-68
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Masao SHINDO
1972 Volume 18 Pages
69-71
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The survey was carried out with 22 Satsuma orange trees of 9 years old at 15 days intervals from May 16 to December 21, 1971. Insecticides were not applied at all during the survey. Two peaks of aphid density of Toxoptera citricidus Kirkaldy and Ahis spiraecola Patch were found in middle May and early October at the growing period of young twigs. The mean temperature was about 20°C and the relative humidity was 78% during 10 days of peak periods. Seasonal prevalances of ants, aphids, and predators coincide for each other. Among five species of ants observed, Pristomyrmex pungens Mayr was dominant during most of the period. It was assumed that this ant interrupts the behaviour of predators of aphids.
View full abstract
-
Akira SAKANOSHITA, Yasuyuki OGA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
72-74
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Fruits-piercing moths are controlled by orchard illumination. Several behaviour patterns, depression or attractiveness for flight and feeding activity, are included in the process. In this paper, depressing effect on flight and feeding activity was studied with two types of fluorescent lamp, blue and yellow.
The stronger was the light intensity, the earlier was suppressed the moth activity in both lamps but especially high in the blue type. Migration index of pigment of the compound eye, which corresponds with the depression of activity (Yagi & Koyama, 1963), increased along with the illumination period at the same intensity.
The period before appearance of depressing effect corresponding at 20% of the migration index decreased inverse proportionally with intensity of illumination. The effect was higher in the blue type.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
74-76
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
76-78
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Yoshito NAKASHIMA, Kaoru SHIMIZU
1972 Volume 18 Pages
79-81
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In some parts of Togo-machi, Miyazaki-ken, the Kondo white psychid occurred in a orchard of Satsuma orange of 4-year old. Hibernating and gnawed vestiges were found on 14.8 % of trees investigated. One to 4 hibernating larvae were found per tree infested, with an exception of a tree with 47 larvae. Trees severely infested look whitish, and growth was inhibited, particularly in young trees. In addition to 25 species of host plants already reported, we confirmed 2, Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. and Viburnum awabuki K. Koch.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1972 Volume 18 Pages
82-85
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
85-88
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
88-91
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
91-93
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
94-96
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
97-98
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
98-100
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
100-102
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
102-104
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
104-106
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Sadao KIMURA, Masao MAEOKA
1972 Volume 18 Pages
106-108
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
There is a disease or injury so-called as zohi-sho in Fukue island, Nagasaki Prefecture, which cause russet scab or scurf on potatoes tubers. It is characterized by shallow, brown and corky reticulations on the tuber surface, usually limitted to the skin.
The tests were made to determine the cause of the disease. No russetting tubers occurred in autoclaved infested soil. Two Streptmyces spp. were isolated from a thin section of russet scab lesion and two spp. from infested soil. But all of them showed no pathogenicity on potato tuber by artificial inoculation.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
108-111
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
111-113
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
114-115
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
115-117
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
117-119
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
119-122
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Population of Xanthomonas oryzae Phage in water of irrigation channels and paddy fields were examined periodically during the rice growing period in diseased area of Kamishisa District, Matsuura City, Nagasaki Prefecture. Detection of natural phage were made by use of the phage type B strain of X. oryzae.
The time of first disease occurrence could be forecasted by the increasing rate of phage population.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1972 Volume 18 Pages
123-125
Published: October 31, 1972
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS