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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
1-3
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
3-5
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
6-8
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
8-10
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
10-12
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1977 Volume 23 Pages
13-14
Published: October 10, 1977
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Fukuji NONAKA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
15-17
Published: October 10, 1977
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Causal fungi for lesion formation on rice sheath are as follows: Pellicularia sasakii, Lepto-sphaeria salvinii, Helminthosporium sigmoideum var. irregulare, Rhizoctonia solani, (III B type), Cylindrocladium scoparium, Cercospora oryzae, Fusarium nivale, Acrocylindrium oryzae, Rhizoctonia oryzae and other sclerotial fungi. R. oryzae, causal fungus of bordered sheath spot, was occasionally isolated from diseased rice plant on which the lesions were regarded as sheath blight and collected from various places in Japan.
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Masaomi ONIKI
1977 Volume 23 Pages
17-22
Published: October 10, 1977
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Isolates belonging to the cultural type IIIB (rush type) of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn developed their perfect stage by the soil method. Of 61 isolates belonging to the III B that was isolated from rush, rice, weeds and soil, 18 isolates developed the perfect stage. Percentages of fruited isolates of the III B were 31.1. They were measured length and number of sterigmata and dimensions of metabasidia and basidiospores. Metabasidia were barrel-shaped or obovate, 9.66-21.59×7.20-13.36μm as a whole of the III B. Sterigma were horn-shaped, 3.03-20.82μm, 4, rarely 2, 3, or 5 sterigmata per metabasidium. Basidiospores were obovate or ellipsoid, 6.17-12.85×4.63-8.22μm. The conditions of post-culture for development the perfect stage were tested. Hacchomuta-subsoil was effective for development of perfect stage as same as Nishigahara-subsoil. For development of perfect stage, the air condition over 20 C in daily mean in the periods of post-culture was necessary. And 24 C in daily mean was the most effective for it.
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Bunkichiro WATANABE, Masaomi ONIKI, Fukuji NONAKA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
22-25
Published: October 10, 1977
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A new type of sheath blight of rice was first discovered in Yamaguchi Prefecture in 1959. The symptom of the rice sheath infected by pathogen was similar to that of rice sheath blight, but, it had more darkish brown or black color than rice sheath blight (caused by the cultural type IA of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn). In addition, the sclerotia were not observed outside the infected sheath. This disease was caused by the cultural type III B of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. And this fungus was identified with both of the pathogens of rice sheath that were reported by Nonaka, in 1964 and Taketani & Tamura, in 1970. On the basis of differences in anastomosis groupe, cultural type, symptom, pathogenicity, and effect of organo-arsenic compound from the sheath blight of rice, brown sheath blight of rice was proposed as the disease name.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
25-27
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
27-28
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
28-30
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
30-31
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
32-33
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
34-36
Published: October 10, 1977
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Productions of oxalic acid and enzyme by A. niger
Kinji TANAKA, Fukuji NONAKA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
36-39
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Aspergillus niger isolated from decayed onion bulb produced oxalic acid in a high concentration on potato sucrose or Czapek broth by shake culture. A crude enzyme extracted from onion bulbs which were decayed by the inoulation with A. niger possessed macerating activity to onion bulbs. The activity was stimulated by the mixture of oxalic acid and crude enzyme.
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Fukuji NONAKA, Shigeru HAGIWARA, Manabu HARA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
39-41
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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As a result of inhibition by pisatin to radial mycelial growth of each fungus cultured on medium the median effective dose (ED
50) values for fungi were as follows: 44ppm for Cladosporium fulvum non-pathogenic to Pisum sativuin, 60 and 62 ppm for Botrytis cincrea and Rhizoctonia solani polyxenic to many plants, respectively, and more than 68 ppm for Ascochyta pisi and Fusasium solani f. pisi pathogenic to P. sativuan. Acquired tolerance to pisatin was slightly obtained in A. pisi, B. cinerea and C. fulvum by successive cultures of these fungi for seven or ten generations at intervals of several days on media containing 100ppm of pisatin.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
42-43
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
43-47
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
48-50
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
50-54
Published: October 10, 1977
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Zenichi MOROMIZATO, Noriaki NAGAO, Satoshi WAKIMOTO
1977 Volume 23 Pages
54-56
Published: October 10, 1977
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Some properties of the virus isolated from the broad bean leaves showing necrotic mosaic in Ehime Prefecture were elucidated. The electron microscopic observations carried out by means of dip mathod revealed that the virus particles were rod-shaped with round tip at one end showing two predominant lengths, 130-150 nm and 230-250 nm. Both particles were 25 nm in width. The virus caused necrotic mosaic symptom on broad bean and pea, and local lesions on Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa. No symptom was observed on sweet pea, bean, Nicotiana clevelandii and N. rustica and virus was not recovered from these plants. Inclusion bodies showing net-like membranous structure were found frequently in the cytoplasm of the infected broad bean leaf cells.
The soil transmission tests conducted in glass house at 15 C, 17 C and 25 C by using virus-contaminated soil collected from natural field were unsuccessful, however, it was successful when broad beans were sawn outdoors from October to November. These results suggest that this virus seems to be a strain of broad bean necrosis virus.
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
57-59
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
60-64
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
64-65
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Yukihisa TANAKA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
66-68
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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A leaf infiltration method was compared with the dilution plate method and the tomato transplant method for isolation and detection of P. solanacearum from soil.
(1) P. solanacearum can be detected most efficiently from artificially infested soil with the leaf infiltration method: 10
1-10
2 cells/g soil were detected within 20 days with this method; whereas 10
4 cells/g soil were detected with the dilution plate method using modified Drigalski's medium. Using susceptible tomato plants as the indicators, 10
2 cells/g soil were detected within 60 days.
(2) The leaf infiltration method was also superior to other methods for isolation and detection of P. solanaccarum in soil samples taken from a naturally infested field.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
69
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1977 Volume 23 Pages
70-72
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
72-73
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
73-75
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
75-78
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
78-80
Published: October 10, 1977
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
81-82
Published: October 10, 1977
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Akira KAWAI
1977 Volume 23 Pages
83-84
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Coloration in Nephotettix cincticeps is usually green. However, individuals which have blue coloration are occasionally found in the field. Blue-type can easily be distinguished from normal-type even in the nymphal stage since coloration of blue-type nymphs is white and that of normal-type ones is yellow. There was no significant difference in longevity and fecundity between normal-type and blue-type. Field-collected blue-type males were crossed with normal-type females. The F
1 progenies from the cross were all normal-type in both male and female. The F
2 female progenies were also all normal-type but the F
2 male progenies segregated in the ratio of 1:1. The F3 progenies obtained from the cross between normal-type F
2 females and blue-type F
2 males segregated in the ratio of 3 normal-females: 3 normal-males: 1 blue-female: 1 blue-male, and those obtained from the cross between normal-type F
2 females and normal-type F
2 males segregated 4 normal-females: 3 normal-males: 1 blue-male. From these results including back crosses, it is concluded that blue-type was controlled by a single recessive gene on sex chromosome. Blue-type would be useful as the genetic marker in the population studies.
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
85-88
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Hitoshi INOUE
1977 Volume 23 Pages
88-91
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Field investigations on epidemic of the rice waika virus disease (RWV), semipersistent leafhopper-borne virus, and on outbreak of the viruliferous green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps UHLER, were carried out by planting a diseased seedling as a inoculum in an experimental field at the time of rice transplanting. Viruliferous vectors appeared throughout rice growing period and, in general, viruliferous percentage of adults was slightly higher than that of nymphs. Percentage of viruliferous adult was at its highest in the 3rd generation in middle. August in plot A, transplanted on June 14, or the 4th generation in plot B, transplanted on June 21, as was 49.7% in plot A and 41.2% in plot B. Percentage of RWV infected hills reached more than 90% toward July 19 in plot A, 5 weeks after transplanting, or August 8 in plot B, 7 weeks after transplanting, although the infected hills increased gradually until July 4, when the nymphs firstly appeared in each plots. Consequently, it has been suggested that 2nd generation nymphs played an important role in the virus transmis-sion in field. The spreading of RWV infection in field was observed to be very progressive compared with the case of the rice dwarf disease, persistent leafhopper-borne virus, because the population density of RWV-viruliferous vector increased rapidly due to high transmissive efficiency of vector to the virus and existence of no apparent incubation period in the vector body. In spreading of RWV by vectors, 1st generation adults extended the infected hills in the range of 4 or 5 m, the maximum distnce was 8 m. Subsequently, 2nd generation nymphs transmitted to surrounding hills within 1 m from the affected hills.
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Mitsuaki SHIMAZU
1977 Volume 23 Pages
92-94
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Infection experiments with Entomophthora delphacis on various stages, sexes, and wing forms of Nilaparvata lugens were carried out. The insects were put in small test tubes and inoculated with the conidia of this fungus discharged from culturing media for one night. The mean mortalities of macropterous male, macropterous female, brachypterous male, and brachypterous female were 19.8, 26.0, 0.0 and 2.4% respectively. The mean mortalities of 1st and 2nd instar, 3rd instar, and 4th and 5th instar nymph were 4.2, 2.9 and 22.0% respectively. The mortalities of brachypterous form and young nymph were significantly lower than those of macropterous form and old nymph. No significant difference in incubation period existed among stages, sexes and wing forms.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
94-96
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
96-98
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
99-100
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
101-102
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
103-106
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
106-108
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Osamu SETOKUCHI
1977 Volume 23 Pages
109-111
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Seasonal abundance of the aphid, Longiunguis sacchari (ZEHNTNER), on sorghums cultivated under different harvesting schedule has been surveyed since 1974. Sorghums were sown at two or three different periods every year and harvested twice a year in summer and autumn, depending on the sowing time. The aphid populations were consistently most numerous in mid-August and mid- or late October, irrespective of sowing time of sorghums. When the 1st and 2nd harvests of sorghums were done earlier than each peak of aphid populations, the subsequent infestations could be avoided. In order to clarify the effects of plant populations on the aphid occurrence, sorghums were cultivated at 35, 50 and 70 cm wide in row spacing and the population increase of the aphids was surveyed. The results showed that the aphid densities tended to be higher with decreasing plant populations.
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Akira TANAKA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
112-115
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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Direct observations were made on the time of emergence, nocturnal activities and mating behavior of the caged aduls of the armyworm, Mythimna (Leucania) separata (WALKER), which had been reared individually during its larval stage. The emergence of the adults occurred mainly between 1700 and 2100. Nocturnal activities such as flying, feeding and walking were observed twice a night between 1900 and 2200, and again between 0400 and 0600. When the adults became mature, the duration of active periods prolonged. The mating of male and female started 4-5 and 3-5 days after emergence, respectively. Mating was observed between 2100 and 0200 and lasted for 118 minutes in average.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
115-119
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
1977 Volume 23 Pages
119-120
Published: October 10, 1977
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Yoshio MIYAHARA
1977 Volume 23 Pages
120-124
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The larvae of Spodoptera litura (F.) were reared on various plants including 3 cultivated plants under the constant temperature of 25°C. Test plants, covering 43 species in 22 families, were sup-plied from natural stands in the vicinity of the laboratory. All plants except for Mirabilis jalapa L. supported development of the insect through to adult, and among them 11 plants were found feeding or ovipositing in the field. The emerged moths oviposited when they fed only on water. When test plants were unsuitable for growth and development, increased mortality, prolonged deve-lopment and the decrease of pupal weight of the insect were found and the last was apparent in female than male.
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Hirata INOUE
1977 Volume 23 Pages
125-128
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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The effect of acephate was evaluated for control of lepidopterous larvae on the fall crop of potato. The acephate solution was sprayed at the rates of 1.3 and 0.55 kg a.i./ha in 1975 and 1976, respectively. On 5 or 8 days after spraying, all lepidopterous larvae which had been heated down from potato plants were collected and the mortality was examined. The mortalities of final instar larvae were 100 and 98.3% for Mamestra brassicae, and 100 and 88.9% for Spodoptera litura in 1975 and 1976, respectively. The mortality of Agrotis fucosa was 80 and 75%.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1977 Volume 23 Pages
128-132
Published: October 10, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: May 22, 2009
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