Species richness and diversity of fruit-feeding butterflies in six different forest types in Kinabalu National Park, Sabah (Borneo) were compared. The six sampling sites were situated in a primary rainforest, another old-grown forest of unknown history, three successional forests after commercial logging activities (approx. 30, 15, and 5 years ago), and a farmland site next to a local village. Butterflies were caught alive in traps using rotten bananas as bait. Species diversity was measured by Fisher's α of the logarithmic series. Species total was estimated by the "MMMeans"-method (Colwell, 1997). The primary forest contained most species and the highest diversity, on the farmland site the lowest number of species was found. The secondary forest sites were intermediates between the former two habitats with regard to their diversity and species richness, with the 15 year old site showing a more diverse fauna than the 30 or 5 year old site. Although almost none of the differences in diversity can be considered statistically significant (presumably due to low sample sizes), the results show patterns of diversity that correspond well with data for other Lepidoptera taxa (Geometridae, Pyralidae) from the same sites. If pseudoreplicates had not been recognized by individual marking of the butterflies, confidence limits for α-values would have been underestimated, and α-values themselves overestimated in most cases. The degree of deviation from true values differs between the habitats. For two fruit-feeding nymphalid butterflies, we reported maximum life spans of 45 (Neorina lowii), respectively 41 days (Basserona dunya).

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Fauna of Lepidoptera that infests acorns of Quercus acutissima, Q. aliena and Q. serrata was investigated in Mt Mikusayama forests of Osaka Prefecture, Japan in 1997. Quercus acorns were infested by a total of 13 lepidopterous species, representing 7 families.

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Two males of Agrias beatifica beatifica Hewitson were found with double pupils in single ocellus on hindwing disc 3.

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Four males of Agrias beatifica Hewitson were presented with very small ocelli containing no pupil.

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Fixsenia w-album was recorded for the first time from Ibaraki Prefecture, Honshu, Japan.

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Two new species of the gelechiid genus Faristenia are described from Japan.

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Hibernating pupae of Scolitantides orion were susceptible to freezing. They super-cooled down to -29℃, avoided freezing by ice inoculation, and contained 17mg/g body weight of trehalose in midwinter, which might derive from glucose precursory accumulated to a level of 25mg/g.

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The genus Phiaris Hubner, 1825 from Korea and Japan is reviewed. In this study eight species of two species-groups, the pryerana- and bipunctana-groups are treated. Among them, two species, acropryerana sp. nov. and opacalis sp. nov. are described as new to science, and two species, mori (Matsumura) and morivora (Matsumura), and one subspecies, bipunctana yama (Kawabe), are newly transferred to this genus. Adults and genitalia of both sexes are illustrated. Host plants are listed. Keys to species groups and to species of each group are provided.

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Two new species, Ypthima frontierii sp. nov. and Y. pseudosavara sp. nov., from North and Central Vietnam are described and illustrated.

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The genus Eriopsela is redescribed and the autapomorphies are proposed. Epiblema kostyuki Kuznetzov is newly transferred to this genus. The Japanese species are revised, with the illustrations of the adults, wing venations and genitalia.

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A gynandromorphic individual of Lemyra imparilis (Butler, 1877) is described from Ehime Pref. of Japan. This is the second record for this species. This specimen has entirely male external features in the left half, but male and female features are mixed on the right forewing and thorax. The genitalia appear to be completely male.

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