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Volume 60, Issue 1
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages App1-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages App2-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages App3-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
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Yoshiomi KATO, Kento OHINATA, Hideshi NAKAArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA nymphalid butterfly Hestina assimilis assimilis, which was recently discovered in Kanagawa prefecture in Japan, undergoes larval diapause and show a seasonal change in wing color pattern: summer and spring (white) morphs. In the present study, temperature and photoperiodic conditions responsible for the control of seasonal morph determination was investigated. First, when post-diapause larvae were reared under various temperatures (15℃, 20℃, 25℃ or 28℃) at a long photoperiod (16L-8D), most of the eclosed adults were of white morph (spring morph). Second, larvae were initially exposed to a short photoperiod (10L-14D), and then transferred to 16L-8D to avoid diapause occurrence. Resulting adults were white morph. Third, individuals were reared at various temperatures (15, 20 or 25℃) under a long photoperiod (16L-8D) through larval and pupal stages. Low temperatures of 15℃ were quite effective for white morph production, but moderate (20℃) or high (25℃) temperatures were not effective, and all butterflies produced developed black veins on the wing (summer morph). Fourth, in experiments where different rearing temperatures were combined during the larval life, a temperature of 15℃ combined with 20℃, but not with 25℃, was effective for producing some intermediate or white morphs. Fifth, the temperature-sensitive stage for white morph production was mostly located in the 3rd and 4th instars (in partiular, 4th instar). In these experiments, white morph production was closely linked with extremely delayed larval development. The results strongly suggest that not only a short photoperiod, but also a relatively cool temperature including 15℃ is quite effective for white morph production even without an intervening larval diapause. Probably, an unknown neuro-endocrine mechanism may be responsible for the seasonal morph regulation as in the case of other butterfly species.View full abstractDownload PDF (934K) -
Masaya YAGO, Shinichi NAKAHARA, Wataru ABE, Yoshiki ISOHATA, Masaaki T ...Article type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 9-24
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe discovered adults and eggs of a lycaenid species, Acytolepis puspa, at the University of Tokyo, the Kanto district, which is located far away from the northeastern limit of the species, the west area of the Tokai district. The eggs were found on Quercus phillyraeoides (Fagaceae). This is the first record of the species in the Kanto district. For the purpose of clarifying the dispersal pathway of A. puspa, we initially examined the adult morphology and the genetic variation of this species from Japan (including Tokyo) and the Oriental region. As a result, the wing markings and genetic structure of the species from Tokyo were the same as those from the mainland of Japan, and this subspecies was identified as A.p. ishigakiana. Second, we surveyed all possible hostplants of the species in the university, and found that two Rhododendron plants (Ericaceae) had been recently transplanted from Suzuka City, Mie Pref., which is very close to the known distribution limit for the species. The northern limit of the distribution of A. puspa in Mie Pref. must have reached Suzuka City, due to its spread of the distribution range by recent global warming. Most Probably, immatures of the species have been introduced from Suzuka to Tokyo, with the transplantation of Rhododendron plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (2665K) -
Takato KOBAYASHI, Masahiko KITAHARA, Yuta SUZUKI, Shuji TACHIKAWAArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 25-36
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe assessed habitat quality of Zizina emelina, a threatened butterfly in Japan, in the farmlands of Kamogawa City, Chiba Prefecture, in central Japan. We established five 50m census routes at three sites, ridges where weeds are mowed only in spring (hereafter, ridges mowed only in spring), ridges where weeds are mowed every month after spring (hereafter, ridges mowed every month) and meadow of Trifolium repens to count the adult Z. emelina along each route. On the ridges mowed only in spring and the ridges mowed every month, there were no significant differences in the number of adult Z. emelina individuals during the period from early April to late June between the two ridges. However, during the period from late June to early September, the number of adults on the ridges mowed only in spring was significantly higher than that on the ridges mowed in every month. During the period from early September to late October, the number of adults tended to increase on the ridges mowed every month, and decrease on those mowed only in spring; as a result, no significant differences were detected in the number of adults between the ridges. In a meadow of Trifolium repens, the adult emergence period was from late August to late October, and the peak in the number of adults was in late September. The synthetic dominance of Lotus japonicus, the larval host plant of Z. emelina, was high at the lower part of both ridges mowed only in spring and those mowed every month, and at both sides of a non-paved footpath present around paddy fields. On the ridges mowed only in spring, the synthetic dominance of L. japonicus declined from May to October, while on the ridges mowed every month, it declined from May to August, and went up from August to September. This suggests that the synthetic dominance of L. japonicus contributed much to the increase in the number of adults during the period from mid August to early October on the ridges mowed in every month. From these results, it is suggested that, in order to retain a high density of Z. emelina and the predominance of L. japonicus in agroecosystems, it is important that a mixture of both ridges that are mowed both in spring and every month is established in their habitats. Since we observed eggs and larvae of Z. emelina on T. repens in the meadow habitat of this study, a meadow habitat is also thought to be important for conservation of Z. emelina.View full abstractDownload PDF (1161K) -
Tadahiro OKUBO, Masaya YAGO, Takao ITIOKAArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 37-51
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the immature stages, larval behaviors, host plant selection, and parasitoids of four Bornean Arhopala butterflies feeding on Macaranga plants which often have species-specific relationships with symbiotic ants. We then compared their biological characteristics to those of butterflies on the Malay Peninsula reported in a previous study. At our study site, the larvae of three Arhopala species were found on Macaranga myrmecophytes. Each Arhopala fed on one or two closely-related Macaranga species: A. amphimuta fed on M. trachyphylla and M. bancana, A. zylda fed on M. beccariana and M. hypoleuca, and A. dajagaka fed on M. hosei. The butterfly-plant relationships and the species-specificity were similar to those observed on the Malay Peninsula. The other Arhopala species, A. major, was observed feeding on non-myrmecophytic M. gigantea and Macaranga sp. A. Among the four Macaranga-feeding Arhopala species, we noted remarkable interspecific variation in larval morphology, behavior, and parasitoid composition. These variations were presumed to be associated with differences in the aggressiveness of ants on host Macaranga plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (3173K) -
Masashi TASHITAArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 52-62
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSButterfly assemblage was monitored using a route census method at 2 observation areas (4 study sites), Matsushiro and Shinsuwa, around the rural zone in Nagano City, Nganago Prefecture from May, 2005 to April, 2006. The numbers of species and individuals found at Matsushiro area were 39 species and 541.00 individuals per 30 minutes, and at Shinsuwa area 32 species and 379.00 individuals. In the rural zone with moderate human disturbance, individual species increased in dominance and grassland species such as Minois dryas bipunctata Motschulsky were able to live in a forest site. The value of ER, ER" and HI-index with environmental values of each species was high in sites without human disturbance such as the forest site of Shinsua, but the value of species diversity indices such as Shannon's H' and Simpson's 1-λ was low. By comparing the human disturbance index (HI-index) and species diversity, it appears that moderate human disturbance created the highest species diversity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1114K) -
Masanao NAKAMURAArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 63-78
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pupae of 19 species belonging to 11 genera of Japanese Sesiidae are described and classified. From the characters, these pupae are divided into two subfamilies, Tinthiinae and Sesiinae and the former into two tribes, Tinthiini and Pennisetiini, and the latter into three tribes, Sesiini, Paranthrenini and Melittiini. Nokona Matsumura is constituted from three groups and a new subgenus Aritasesia nov. erected to contain pernix Leech and rubra Arita and Tosevski.View full abstractDownload PDF (1408K) -
Takenari INOUEArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 79-80
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSI observed a male adult of Ladoga glorifica visiting sap oozing from a Quercus acutissima tree in Ibaraki prefecture. This male visited the sap twice in a short time.View full abstractDownload PDF (376K) -
Hikaru KITAHARAArticle type: Article
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages 81-91
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to make clear the interspecific relationship between Pieris melete and P. napi japonica, artificial hybridizing was carried out by the hand pairing method and many F_1-F_3 hybrid adults were obtained. Reproductive ability of F_1-F_3 hybrids was tested by backcross experiment. The ratio of male and female of each F_1-F_3, hybrid was almost equal. Only male adults of F_1, and F_2 had sexual ability. The scent scale of the hybrid showed intermediate features of both parents. The ratio of maximum width of scent sack to maximum width of scent scale was useful for judgment of the interspecific hybrid.View full abstractDownload PDF (3833K) -
Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages App4-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages App5-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K) -
Article type: Appendix
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages App6-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (95K) -
Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (81K) -
Article type: Cover
2009 Volume 60 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: January 10, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (81K)
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