This paper is the result of the fieldwork performed for several associations of people who joins "traditional" city festival. The purpose of investigation was, firstly, how the people operate the festival and reproduce its associations under the community changing, and secondly, to clarify the relationship among the individuals with various senses of values and the festival itself, community life and its communality. Attention was given specially to traditional norms inherited by the association and conflict attendant on replacement of their positions within the association, during the progress of the investigation. The conflict can be visualized as a problem involving membership and constructing identity of participants respectively under the difficulties to practice the festival. Then, the present condition of the association was considered from framework of "community of practice" having applying the Legitimate Peripheral Participation (LPP) theory and related researches for analysis. As a result, a) the character of " Wakasyu (main young members in the festival associations) identity" and its construction process, b) the aspect of conflict accompanying with replacement of a participants, c) the participant's selecting process and closing nature, d) the correlation of multilayer identity of each participant with the actual local life, e) the separation of the "afterimage of traditional local communality" among the membership and reality of the local life, etc. became clear. Moreover, the "future" of the festival in a turning point and its association of people was considered together with its problems and foresight.
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