The Review of Laser Engineering
Online ISSN : 1349-6603
Print ISSN : 0387-0200
ISSN-L : 0387-0200
Volume 19, Issue 4
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
  • Toshiki HIJIKATA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 291
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Hiroshi NISHIHARA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 292-294
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Trends of optical integrated circuits (IC) research are reviewed. Development of optical ICs has been supported by thoseof materials, thin-film forming techniques and micro fabrication techniques. Optical ICs will be advanced steadily toward practical use.
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  • Masanori KOSHIBA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 295-304
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper reviews the methods of numerical analysis of optical guided-wave propagation, placing emphasis on a beam propagation method (BPM), a finite-difference method (FDM), and a finite-element method (FEM). Among these methods BPM is most widely used to investigate the field propagation in integrated optics, but unfortunately often requires considerable computation time. Recently there has been a great deal of reserach to improve the computational efficiency of BPM. FDM and FEM can be much more efficient than the conventional BPM. FEM can be applied both to TE (transverse electric) and TM (transverse magnetic) mode equations.
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  • Yasuyuki OKAMURA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 305-315
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Evaluation technology for optical waveguides and guided-wave devices play an important roleinrealizing optical integrated circuits. We can find various methods to be proposed for this purpose. Most of these techniques involve the measurement of the relationship between optical powers launched into and coupled out of the waveguide. However, these methods are not directly available for the evaluation of devices in a fabrication process and not suitable for understanding of device operation. We have proposed a microcomputer-assisted video camera observing system to evaluate guided-wave devices and measured large variety of optical waveguides and optical integrated circuits. The system, in spite of its simple construction, has a great advantage of nondestructive measurement and possible observation of light field profile propagating in optical devices. Here we review the system and show some results obtained with a guided-wave Geodesic lens, two-types of gratings, directional coupler, and optical branches. We can easily comprehend the operation of such devices as well as obtain a mode propagation loss,
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  • Michikazu KONDO, Hiroshi NISHIMOTO
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 316-324
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    LiNbO3 optical waveguide switches and modulators for optical communications systems are reviewed. A polarization independent directional coupler switch was developed and was applied to the first practical switching device for OTDR, and a polarization independent 8 x8 matrix switch for a photonic space -division switching system. Recent improvements in high-speed optical modulators and modulator arrays are also described briefly.
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  • Hiroaki INOUE, Toshio KIRIHARA, Yasushi TAKAHASHI, Koji ISHIDA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 325-333
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Semiconductor optical switches and their optical integrated circuits have been expected to play an important in a future optical transmission network, such as B-ISDN. This paper, reviews recent studies of the semiconductor optical switches based on various kinds of operation principles for prospecting future development. Also summarized is our study of an InP-based optical switch operating through a carrier-induced refractive index change, which is suitable for large-scale integration, polarization independence, and wavelength insesitivity. Preliminary experimental results of photonic ATM switching by an InP-based 4×4 optical switch array are introduced briefly as an application to the optical network.
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  • Morio KOBAYASHI
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 334-343
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The recent progress in planar lightwave circuits based on high-silica waveguides is reviewed. High-silica waveguides are fabricated by a combination of flame hydrolysis glass deposition and reactive ion-etching processes. The planar lightwave circuits recently developed include optical splitters, optical wavelength-insensitive couplers, optical frequency/wavelength division multi/demultiplexers, optical frequency-selection switches, thermo-optic optical switches, and so on. Furthermore, functional optical gate switches are also realized by hybrid integration of passive high-silica waveguide circuits and active optical components.
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  • Toshiaki SUHARA, Hiroshi NISHIHARA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 344-353
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Integrated-optic (IO) devices for optical information processing are reviewed with emphasis on the authors' work. The devices are implemented by integration of passive grating components for wavefront conversion and acoustooptic/electrooptic gratiang modulators for guided-wave control. The device construction, working principle, and fabrication process are outlined, experimental results are summarized, and possibilities and problems for future work are discussed, on IO RF spectrum analyzers, IO convolvers and correlators, an IO printer head, an IO full-parallel matrix-vector multiplier, IO disc pickups, an IO magnetooptic disc pickup, and an IO parallel data pickup.
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  • Semiconductor Optical Functional Devices
    Kiyohide WAKAO
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 354-362
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Optical functional devices are indispensable for light signal processing systems. So far, various functions have been realized by use of integrated configuration of semiconductor optical devices, This paper descrides progress in semiconductor optical functonal devices based on semicoductuctor laser diodes and their application to ligh signal processing. First, it is shown that memory operation can be demonstrated with a bistable laser diode with a tandem electrode structure, and then ultra-opical flip-ffop operation of a bistable laser diode is introduced. Second, a wavelength converter laser and a tunable wavelength filter, which are thought to be promising for wavelength division switching networks, ar descrideb. Finally, it is shown that various optical logic operations can be attained by using the bistable laser diode.
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  • Masamitsu HARUNA, Hiroshi NISHIHARA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 363-371
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A variety of integrated-optic sensors have been reported in the past ten years. Most integrated-optic sensors developed at the early stage may belong to a so-called waveguide sensor in which the waveguide itself is used as a transducer for sensing of temperature, pressure, humidity, and so on. The waveguide sensors, however, do not seem to have a technical advantage over existing fiber-optic sensors in practical use. On the other hand, very stable sensing becomes possible in freedom from an optical bench by integration of the whole interferometer optics on a chip, where an optical fiber, for instance, is used as a sensing probe. Replacement of a bulk-optic component by the waveguide counterpart also results in drastic improvement of the sensor performance. In most integrated-optic sensors reported so far, LiNbO3 was used as a waveguide material because it is relatively easy to make low-loss single-mode waveguides by Ti indiffution into LiNbO3 without reduction of the electrooptic effect. This paper describes recent progress in integrated-optic sensors in LiNbO3. Particularly, integration of heterodyne interferometer optics used for the measurement of velocity and displacement are discussed in detail. The application of integrated optics to fiber-optic gyroscopes is also described.
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  • Masayuki IZUTSU, Tadasi SUETA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 372-378
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Integrated optics for use in microwave and millimeter-wave applications are reviewed and possible roles and prospects for these new technologies are discussed. Modulator/switches operations in these frequency regions are summarized, and several integrated optic functional devices designed for microwave applications are presented. A recent attempt to construct microwave links with integrated optics technology is also shown.
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  • Shigehisa ARAI
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 379-387
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    As integrated semiconductor lasers, new class of lasers called Dynamic-Single-Mode (DSM) lasers such as distributed feedback (DFB) lasers and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) lasers become very important for ultra-wideband optical fiber transmissions in 1.5-1.6 μm wavelength region, because the DSM laser operates at a stable single longitudinal mode even under a rapid direct modulation up to several GHz and its narrow spectral linewidth property as well as capability of electronic wavelength tuning is very attractive for coherent optical communication systems.
    In this report, several topics of recent research activities in the field of integrated semiconductor lasers are reviewed from an aspect of new ideas to attain higher performances, such as low threshold current, high output efficiency, narrow linewidth, small wavelength chirping, and fast modulation capability. Vertical cavity surface emitting (VC-SE) lasers are also reviewed from an aspect of an elementary device for two-dimensional photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for a parallel optical information processing.
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  • Masayoshi UMENO, Takashi JIMBO, Takashi EGAWA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 388-395
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have studied the heterointerfaces of single quantum wells (SQWs) and SQW laser characteristics grown on Si with AlGaAs/AlGaP intermediate layers (AlGaAs/AlGaP ILs) by MOCVD, and compared them with those grown by a two-step growth technique. The surface morphology and the heterointerfaces of SQWs on Si grown with the AlGaAs/AlGaP ILs are smoother than those grown by the two-step growth tehcnique. Thermal cycle annealing is also effective in obtaining the smoother heterointerfaces. Photoluminescence at 4.2 K and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy show that the fluctuation of heterointerfaces is caused by three-dimensional growth at the initial stage and propagation of dislocations. The characteristics of the lasers on Si grown with the AlGaAs/AlGaP ILs are superior to those of lasers grown by the two-step growth technique.
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  • Yoshiyuki ASAHARA, Hiroshi AOKI, Osamu MARUYAMA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 396-402
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Glass is typically regarded as a substrate medium for a wide range of passive optical components, but glass waveguides with active functions have recieved growing attention in recent years. This paper reviews Nd-doped glass waveguides, which are particularly attractive for highly efficient and compact laser sources and optical amplifiers, Progress in crystal waveguide lasers is also described.
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  • Kazuhisa YAMAMOTO
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 403-409
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    As compact, solid-state sources for blue coherent light, laser diode-based second harmonic generation (SHG) devices are greatly expected to be useful in high density optical memory, laser printers and so on. SHG in waveguide can realize a high conversion efficiency, because of its strong confinement. This paper describes recently reported SHG in a waveguide, including Cherenkov and quasi-phase matching.
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  • Takeshi KAMIYA
    1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages 410-413
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    One of the intrinsic advantages of optical information technology is the high resolution in time domain, leading to the potential of high density information transmission and processing. Especially using integrated optical technology it should be possible to implement ultarafast optoelectronic circuits by integrated circuit fabrication procedure, In this review, based on the recent progress in integrated optics, some comments will be given on the easibility of integrated optics for ultarafast electronic circuits.
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  • 1991 Volume 19 Issue 4 Pages plate1
    Published: April 29, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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