The Review of Laser Engineering
Online ISSN : 1349-6603
Print ISSN : 0387-0200
ISSN-L : 0387-0200
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Volume 32, Issue 11
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Topical Papers on Ultrafast Nonlinear Spectroscopy
Topical Paper
Laser Review
  • Preface to Topical Papers on Ultrafast Nonlinear Spectroscopy by Femtosecond Lasers
    Tadashi OKADA
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 678-679
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.678
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Ultrafast Lattice Relaxation Phenomena Studied by Time-Resolved Luminescence Spectroscopy
    Tohru SUEMOTO
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 680-686
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.680
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Recent developments in the ultrafast luminescence spectroscopy are reviewed. Principles of time-resolved luminescence measurements i.e., the optical Kerr shutter method and the up-conversion technique are described. The formation and relaxation processes of self-trapped excitons in quasi-one-dimensional halogenbridged platinum complexes (Pt-Cl, Pt-Br, Pt-I) are studied by luminescence up-conversion technique. The lifetime of the self-trapped excitons shows a systematic decrease as the mass of the halogen ion increases, showing the increased probability of non-radiative decay processes. The real-time capturing of the nuclear wave-packet form is successfully demonstrated in Pt-Br and good agreements with calculation are obtained. The luminescence in the picosecond region has been observed in the halogen-bridged nickel complex, and a coexistence of localized excitons with small and large lattice relaxations is suggested.
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  • Observation of Nuclear Wavepacket Motion of Condensed-Phase Molecules by Femtosecond Spectroscopy
    Tahei TAHARA
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 687-693
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.687
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Time-resolved spectroscopy in the femtosecond time region enables us to observe real-time motion of nuclei of molecules (“the nuclear wavepacket motion”). I describe our recent studies about the nuclear wavepacket motion of the ground- and excited-state molecules in the condensed phase. The significance of this type of spectroscopy, especially in the study of chemical reactions, is discussed.
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  • Surface Dynamics Studied by Time-Resolved Nonlinear Spectroscopy
    Yoshiyasu MATSUMOTO
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 694-700
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.694
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Advances in ultrafast laser technologies encourage surface scientists to explore electron and nuclear dynamics at surfaces. Major spectroscopic means are time-resolved nonlinear laser spectroscopy including second harmonic generation (SHG), sum frequency generation (SFG), and two-photon photoemission (2PPE). After introducing fundamental aspects of the nonlinear spectroscopy briefly, this paper describes some recent applications of the nonlinear spectroscopy to ultrafast dynamics at surfaces. Examples include: (1) SFG with tunable infrared pulsed lasers is used for exploring how the vibrational modes of adsorbate couple to bulk phonons when a metal surface is rapidly heated by an ultrafast laser pulse. (2) A vibrational motion of adsorbate on a metal surface is coherently excited by an ultrafast laser pulse and the dephasing of the vibrational mode is probed by time-resolved SHG. (3) Ultrafast electron decay and electron hydration dynamics are explored by 2PPE.
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  • Ultrafast Relaxation Processes of Photosynthetic Carotenoids
    Hideki HASHIMOTO, Tokutake SASHIMA, Kazuhiro YANAGI, Masayuki YOSHIZAW ...
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 701-710
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.701
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Carotenoids in photosynthesis play threefold functions of light-harvesting, excess energy-dissipation, and structural stabilization of pigment-protein complexes. In this review, after introducing basic idea for the molecular architecture and functions of purple bacterial photosystem, photophysics of carotenoids is extensively explained. Special attention is paid for the current understanding of the ultrafast relaxation processes of carotenoids following photoexcitation, which has been clarified by time-resolved laser spectroscopy with unprecedented temporal resolution of sub-20 femtosecond. Another attention is paid for the vibrational relaxation in the electronic excited-state, which has been demonstrated by femtosecond time-resolved stimulated Raman spectroscopy. Finally, topics concerning the coherent control of the light-harvesting system are introduced as a future perspective in this particular research field.
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  • Study on Semiconductor Materials for Optical Phase-Modulating Devices by Time-Resolved Interferometry
    Kazuhiko MISAWA
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 711-716
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.711
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We present simultaneous measurement of femtosecond time-resolved nonlinear phase and amplitude changes aronud the excitonic resonance in a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well. The nonlinear phase shift is one of the basic mechanisms of ultrafast semiconductor photonic devices. Full information on the time-resolved and frequencyresolved nonlinear phase shift is successfully obtained by means of a novel interferometer, polarization-division Sagnac interferometer (PSI). The PSI has a remarkable advantage of high stability owing to the commonpath configuration. In order to separate the phase and amplitude changes, the optical path difference is scanned between the probe and reference pulses making the best use of polarization. The time dependence of these changes is observed to be determined by the exciton lifetime. The PSI is a powerful method for characterization of ultrafast photonic devices.
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Regular Paper
Laser Original
  • Pulse Duration Dependence of Femtosecond Ionization and Fragmentation of an Organic Molecule
    Ryuji MIZOGUCHI, Yoshinori SHIMADA, Hidenori SHINOHARA, Tomoyuki YATSU ...
    2004 Volume 32 Issue 11 Pages 717-721
    Published: November 15, 2004
    Released on J-STAGE: January 12, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2184/lsj.32.717
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The ionization and fragmentation of 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene of a femtosecond laser have been studied at various pulse durations, which were changed from 35 fs to 1 ps. A reflectron-type time of flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) was used for ion detection. Molecules were ionized under a strong laser field and formed parent ions. Some were fragmented, resulting in a drastic increase of ionic species. Fragmentation was dominant when a long duration pulse was used, probably because the parent and large fragmented ions were further decomposed into small fragmented ions. Such heavy fragmentation may cause an underestimation of Isat.
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