We here describe giv, a new CUI tool for analyzing genome sequence.

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Previously, I developed the biochemical reaction simulator called WinBEST-KIT (Biochemical Engineering System analyzing Tool-KIT, which runs under Microsoft Windows) for analyzing complicated biochemical reaction systems such as metabolic pathways. WinBEST-KIT provides an integrated simulation environment for experimental researchers in the field of systems biology. One of the most notable features of WinBEST-KIT is that users can very easily customize user-defined reaction step symbols in the graphical user interface. It realizes that users can use their original mathematical kinetic equations for representing unknown kinetic mechanisms as reaction steps in addition to the prepared standard (pre-installed) mathematical kinetic equations such as Michaelis-Menten equation. The problem we must be considered is, however, that the mathematical modeling for the dynamics of the large-scale biochemical reaction systems needs stochastic fluctuation for the several reaction steps. In this study, I developed a new version of WinBEST-KIT that enables users to include the stochastic fluctuation into the customized user-defined reaction step symbols. Therefore, it is possible to include simultaneously both the reaction step symbols in which involve with the stochastic fluctuation and the reaction step symbols in which involve the conventional deterministic reactions, at constructing the model of the biochemical reaction systems to be analyzed with WinBEST-KIT.

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The second near-infrared window ranged between 900 and 1400 nm, namely NIR-II, has advantages for deep tissue imaging with extrinsic fluorophores due to lacking autofluorescence, low light absorption, and reduced scattering. Most of the proposed probes were used for labeling with antibodies. As a new application, we plan to monitor electrical activity in a living tissue noninvasively using membrane potential dye with NIR-II fluorescence. So we need the excitable cell culture system to screen candidates of such dyes. C2C12 skeletal myoblasts were morphologically differentiated to myotubes under the optimal conditions, and the electrical stimulation-induced contraction of the myotubes was monitored optically. This myotube system would permit screening membrane potential dyes in NIR-II.

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Memory can be classified into at least short-term memory and long-term memory based on its retention time. Short-term memory usually disappears immediately, but when some event, gaze or novelty happens at the same time, it is selectively converted to long-term memory. Work memory is given as a very short memory retention, but this is used as temporary memory retention. In this research, we have established a fundamental research and evaluation system for short-term memory and work memory using spatial object recognition task and modified T-maze. These tests will be used to quantify cognitive deficits in transgenic strains of mice and evaluate novel chemical entities for their effects on cognition.

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Standard brewing yeast cannot utilize larger oligomers or dextrins, which represent about 25% of wort sugars. A brewing yeast strain that could ferment these additional sugars to ethanol would be useful for producing low-carbohydrate diabetic or low-calorie beers. In this study, a brewing yeast strain that secretes glucoamylase was constructed by mating. The resulting Saccharomyces cerevisiae 278/113371 yeast was MATa/ diploid, but expressed the glucoamylase gene STA1. At the early phase of the fermentation test in malt extract medium, the fermentation rate of the diploid STA1 strain was slower than those of both the parent strain S. cerevisiae MAFF113371 and the reference strain bottom-fermenting yeast Weihenstephan 34/70. At the later phase of the fermentation test, however, the fermentation rate of the STA1 yeast strain was faster than those of the other strains. The concentration of ethanol in the culture supernatant of the STA1 yeast strain after the fermentation test was higher than those of the others. The concentration of all maltooligosaccharides in the culture supernatant of the STA1 yeast strain after the fermentation test was lower than those of the parent and reference strains, whereas the concentrations of flavor compounds in the culture supernatant were higher. These effects are due to the glucoamylase secreted by the constructed STA1 yeast strain. In summary, a glucoamylase-secreting diploid yeast has been constructed by mating that will be useful for producing novel types of beer owing to its different fermentation pattern and concentrations of ethanol and flavor compounds.

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Variations of chromosomal structures and nucleotide sequences around mating-type-like (MTL) loci among Zygosaccharomyces species have been reported. We have analyzed these differences in more detail and, on the basis of PCR- and next-generation sequencing data, we describe the MTL loci on chromosomes C and F for Z. rouxii type-strain NBRC1130, Z. rouxii NBRC0740 and Zygosaccharomyces sp. NBRC1876. We developed a mating strategy for Zygosaccharomyces sp. NBRC1876 and Z. rouxii NBRC0740, and found that the mated stains could be identified from parental strains on the basis of nucleotide sequence variations of the MTL loci. We further obtained evidence that Zygosaccharomyces sp. NBRC1876 is a natural interspecies hybrid between Z. rouxii and a related species.

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Since the law on health of our country is defined for each generation, health information is scattered in various organizations. Under such conditions, health information has not been effectively utilized because it is difficult to extract necessary information. Therefore, development of a system capable of managing health information over all life stages is desired. In this study, we will describe the establishment and evaluation of a vital information system that acquires PHR (Personal Health Records) and remote control for "infantile period", "mature period" and "high-year" as the first step.

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