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Volume 29, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Is Bachelor's Degree “Must” to Apply to Medical Schools?Isamu SAKURAI, Kimitaka KAGA, Yasuo KAGAWA, Tadahiko Kozu, Kunio TANAK ...1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 3-7
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is a report of the 16th Annual Conference on Student Selection held on August 30, 1997 in Tokyo. The main topic of discussion was the subject whether bachelor's degree must be required to medical school applicants. Advantages, disadvantages and expected future problems concerning the proposal by the advisory committee of the Ministry of Education and Culture are widely discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Nobutaro Ban, Richard K Reznick1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 9-13
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 1989 the Medical Council of Canada embarked upon a program to incorporate into its licensing examination a clinical skills component using an OSCE. In February 1991, 240 volunteer first-and second-year residents were tested in a pilot project. The results indicated that a full-scale national administration of an OSCE for licensure was feasible with a reasonable validity and reliability. Since then three large scale administrations have now been run testing 1352, 1672, 1737 candidates. The examination consists of 20 ten minute stations, all standardized patient based using physician examiners as markers. Standard setting is done by a criterion referenced approach. Failure rates have varied from 9% to 17% for all examinees and from 4% to 7% for first time Canadian takers. Reliability estimates determined by Cronbach's alpha range from 0.72 to 0.81. Dependability indices at the cut score were 0.99 for all administrations. Generalizability analyses revealed little or no variance attributable to site. Present efforts are now being focused on sequential testing and validity studies. The Canadian experience has demonstrated the feasibility of testing clinical competence using an OSCE at a licensure level.View full abstractDownload PDF (2667K) -
Naoko MIYAJI, Hiroshi OGAWA, Tadamichi MEGURO1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 15-20
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs part of an occupational health curriculum, 3rd-year medical students were taught about sexual harassment so that they can treat victims in an appropriate way. A lecture presented basic information: the definition of sexual harassment, its history, legal aspects, specific features, effects on victims' physical and psychological health, and appropriate approaches of doctors to victims. Students then played roles of both a patient and an occupational health doctor. A patient profile was created on the basis of a legal case.
Students were extremely interested in the course and judged it highly. Role play helped students develop a sincere interest in the problem of sexual harassment and an empathic understanding of its victims. The relevance of sexual harassment to medical education is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (760K) -
Kanji IGA, Kazuhiro HATTA, Satoshi NISHIMURA, Takanobu IMANAKA, Reizo ...1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 21-25
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEleven 2nd-year medical residents were given the opportunity to take histories and give physical examinations for patients whose complaints included chest pain, palpitations, dyspnea on exertion, fainting, asymptomatic electrocardiographic abnormalities, and hypertension. Each resident took part in this program in an instructor's outpatient clinic twice a week for 2 consecutive months; each resident saw an average of 19 patients. The instructor discussed with the residents how to make diagnoses logically and the necessity of emergency treatment. The residents learned that taking histories accurately is an extremely important diagnostic tool, that a systematic approach is important, and that clinical decisions are often influenced by nonmedical factors. Medical residents need to have experience with such patients to improve their ability to take histories and perform physical examinations; however, proper supervision by an instructor in more important.View full abstractDownload PDF (714K) -
Nobuki TAMURA, Yasuyuki KAWARAI, Satoru KADOYA, Nobuo OHYA1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 31-37
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTutorials were introduced to the 1st-year curriculum of Kanazawa Medical University in 1994. The aim of this educational program was to help our students develop, (1) a scientific way of thinking, (2) the ability to identify and solve problems, (3) a positive attitude toward study, and (4) the ability to make logical presentations. The tutorials succeeded in teaching our students methods of self-learning and group-learning. Furthermore, results of the evaluation of each student by this tutorial was comparable with those of the term-end evaluation, which is supposed to reflect the general ability of students.View full abstractDownload PDF (804K) -
During Pediatric Bedside LearningMitsuoki EGUCHI, Toshiharu FURUKAWA1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 39-43
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analyzed and evaluated problem lists compiled by students during bedside learning. Ninety percent of the items on problem lists were medical problems, 4% were psychological problems, and 6% were social problems. Among medical problems, items related to laboratory data were most prominent, followed by data from physical examination, symptoms, and complications. Highly evaluated problem lists contained items related to psychological problems and social problems, while poorly evaluated lists did not include such items. Students with good scores on problem lists also achieved good scores in problem-oriented system fields other than compiling problem lists. It was extremely useful for students to write problem lists on problem-oriented system bedside learning.View full abstractDownload PDF (835K) -
Kimiko Koizumi, Nobuo SATO, Akio KOIZUMI1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 45-50
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBecause Japanese high school graduates have poor basic English skills they have difficulty acquiringduring the 6 years of medical school English skills sufficient to write medical papers in easily understood English and to converse with foreign medical researchers at international medical conferences in fluent English. In an attempt to improve English teaching in medical schools we analyzed the structures of sentences in high school English textbooks and compared them with those of sentences in more advanced English, as in the journals Science and Nature. We found that the English in high school textbooks has significantly lower subordination ratios. Thus, we propose that English with higher subordination ratios be taught in the 1st year of medical school.View full abstractDownload PDF (685K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1998 Volume 29 Issue 1 Pages 51-62
Published: February 25, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3666K)
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