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Volume 32 (2001)
- Issue 6 Pages 409-
- Issue 5 Pages 275-
- Issue 4 Pages 201-
- Issue 3 Pages 153-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 32, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Akira YASUDA, Masami NAGIRA, Xiaoguang SUN, Shusaku TSUMOTO, Kazuko YA ...2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 69-75
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to examine statistical methods for assessing variance in students' learning attitudes over 2 months. The students' learning attitudes, measured by tutorial assessment sheets, were analyzed quantitatively by multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Items on the tutorial assessment sheets were divided throughout the practice period into two axes of speculation (behavior and partnership). At the initial and medium-term stages of this practice, the dispersion of student's consciousness for given assessments was able to determine the quantity. We could then determine the quantity of recognizing the importance of topics to learn, and consciousness for learning was a feature often found at the end of this practice.View full abstractDownload PDF (869K) -
Michael D. FETTERS, Mark A. ZAMORSKI, Kiyoshi SANO, Thomas L. SCHWENK, ...2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 77-81
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Ministry of Education, Sports and Culture has taken increasing interest in the usefulness and importance of clinical clerkships for 5th-and 6th-year medical students. This paper is the product of a symposium at the Nagoya University School of Medicine which was convened to examine the role of clinical rotations for medical students in the United States and Japan. This paper contains: an overview of medical education and the role of medical student clinical rotations in the United States; observations on being a clinical clerk in the United States; observations on being a clinical clerk in Japan and experiences of Japanese medical students in the United States; an integrated summary of the problems of clinical rotations in the United States; and experiences of Japanese medical students in clinical rotations in the United States. Clinical clerkship for 5th-and 6th-year medical students can only be developed and implemented with careful thought, significant time, and adjustment to new systems. Nevertheless, adoption of clinical clerkship in Japan has great potential for improving the quality of medical education in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (684K) -
Kiyoshi MURAOKA2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 83-86
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn effective method is urgently needed for teaching applied medical ethics to both medical and nonmedical students in Japan. Education has become necessary because recent medical advances, such as organ transplantation from brain-dead donors, has complicated medicoethical decision making for patients, their families, physicians, and other medical staff. In 1998 and 1999, I introduced an ethical training program for nursing students and nonmedical university students using a case study from H. Brody's book Ethical Decisions in Medicine, which I had helped revise. I discussed the case of a 10-year-old brain-dead boy. Teaching with the case study demonstrated that both nursing students and nonmedical students often interpreted ambivalently the meaning and treatment of brain death as used in this case study. When asked to play the role of the physician, most students, while assenting to the definition of brain death as a human death, chose not to decide whether to stop artificial respiration but instead felt that the boy's parents had the right to decide.View full abstractDownload PDF (501K) -
Toshinori FUJINO, Yukihiro NAGATA2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 87-93
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe shortage of financial resources for medical services is an important social issue in Japan. To examine what obstetricians and gynecologists think about the rules of medical services based on the Japanese national health insurance system, questionnaires were sent in August 1999 to obstetricians and gynecologists in Kagoshima prefecture. Valid responses were obtained from 63% of questionnaire recipients, including 17 obstetricians and gynecologists of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kagoshima University, 25 working at public hospitals, and 56 working at private hospitals. These physicians thought that medical services should be performed according to the rules based on the health insurance system. However, physicians at Kagoshima University or at public hospitals knew little about the rules as they had not been adequately instructed by senior doctors. Physicians working at private hospitals also reported that they had not been taught the rules during their postgraduate training at university hospitals. All respondents thought that the rules of medical services based on the health insurance system must be included in the postgraduate education system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1137K) -
Masashi INOUE, Shunsuke MESHITSUKA2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 99-106
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe computer experiences of students vary greatly. To help students achieve practical computer literacy while keeping them motivated, we tried computer-assisted instruction with streaming video for the Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel computer software programs. Each student could access a server computer that stored streaming videos and learn how to use the software while watching videos on the computer display. By leaving the explanation of basic operations to the computer, we teachers were could concentrate on the students' more complex questions. Most students gladly participated in our trial study. However, we must keep in mind that some students don't learn as quickly as others and that the quality of the streaming video needs to be improved. This method is useful when a few teachers must teach practical computer literacy to many students.View full abstractDownload PDF (9048K) -
Kanji IGA, Hiroyuki KOMATSU, Hiroyasu ISHIMARU2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 107-111
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe used a new cardiology simulator twice to train lst-year medical residents in physical examination with a specific behavioral objective shortly after they had received their medical licenses. The first training sessions were to teach residents to understand normal heart sounds and to perform physical examinations in the proper order; the second training sessions were to teach recognition of abnormal heart sounds and murmurs. After the first training sessions, all residents could perform physical examinations in the proper order with special attention to the jugular vein, differentiation of systole and diastole by palpating the carotid artery, splitting of S2, and the timing and transmission of heart murmurs. Just after the second training sessions, all residents thought that their physical examination skills and ability to recognize abnormal heart sounds and murmurs had improved. One year later, the residents were accustomed to performing physical examination in the proper order and could recognize gallop rhythms and murmurs of grade 3/6 or higher. Repeated training with specific behavioral objectives could motivate residents to understand both normal and abnormal heat sounds and murmurs.View full abstractDownload PDF (4458K) -
Akizumi TSUTSUMI, Tatsuya ISHITAKE, Tsunetaka MATOBA2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 113-116
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne hundred fifty-three activity reports, which were published by departments or divisions of social medicine in Japan from 1991 through 1998 were reviewed to examine how medical ethics and related themes were taught. We examined how many departments and divisions taught medical ethics and related themes each year, and teaching methods were examined in reports from 1998. The number of departments and divisions teaching medical ethics and related themes gradually increased. Instruction in medical ethics was conducted for medical students in the 3rd through 5th years for periods of 3 to 12 months. All instruction employed small-group learning. Most groups learned actively, by conducting such activities as field surveys outside the school.View full abstractDownload PDF (515K) -
Takato UENO, Ichiro YOSHIDA, Mariko HOTTA, Toushi ABE, Makoto TURUTA, ...2001 Volume 32 Issue 2 Pages 117-122
Published: April 25, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: August 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe usefulness of individual care of patients in the attitude education of undergraduates was evaluated with questionnaires completed by 4th-year medical students and patients. Ninety-eight percent of students finished performing patient care during a 2-week period. Seventy percent of patients completed questionnaires. The appearance, manner of greeting, and language of the students were considered good by 87% or more of the patients, and the students' consideration for the patients' safety, privacy, and communication was considered good by 86% or more of the patients. The practice was approved by 77% of the patients and was objected to by none. Ninety-nine percent of students completed questionnaires, and 79% of the respondents approved of the practice. Fourteen percent of the student respondents, many of whom had been treated as outpatients, objected to the practice. These results suggest that individual care of patients by medical students is useful for both patients and students.View full abstractDownload PDF (804K)
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