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Volume 38, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Yoshiharu Aizawa, Takao Morita2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 73-74
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (159K) -
Kozo TATARA2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 75-78
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Symptom-based Medicine: The essential characteristic of the western medicine, of which father is Hippocrates, is that it has emphasized the importance of observation of symptoms. Medicine in Japan has depended until today on the observation of symptoms of patients.
2) Hygiene-based Medicine: In the medicine of Hippocrates, they have thought that the cause of the isease is the miasma.The bases of hygiene-based medicine to eradicate the miasma were established by P. Frank, E. Chadwi k and M.v. Pettenkofer and in Japan those have been succeeded.
3) Population-based Medicine: The society with the record of the longest life-expectancy is the socety with the most various kind of health conditions of people. In such a society, the population-based medicine to focus on the health of people has to be established.
4) Foundation of School of Hygiene and Public Health: In Japan, where the record of longest life-exectancy has been attained, the foundation of graduate school of hygiene and public health is strictly requested to develop the population-based medicine and educate doctors and professionals to support it.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
Hiroyoshi ENDO2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 79-81
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) PBM approach is imperative for health care reform and contributes to improvement of patients' confidence in medical care service, strengthening of health promotion and cost-efficient medical care service.
2) Standardization of health information and promotion of IT in the field of health such as electronic patients record system can provide favorable environments for promotion of PBM.View full abstractDownload PDF (415K) -
Shunichi FUKUHARA2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 83-88
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Japanese clinical research and population-based medicine have different origins and have lived separate lives. After 100 years of mutual isolation, their paths are about to cross.
2) Clinical research is not confined to clinical trials and translational research, but covers a wider area that includes outcomes research, economic evaluation, and studies of the quality of care.
3) Government policymakers very recently turned their attention to clinical research, and set up administrative schemes to provide large-scale funding.
4) However, unlike the US, Japan cannot catch this wave because it does not have the necessary intellectual infrastructure of trained clinical investigators.
5) Population-based medicine and clinical research have similar emphases and core values. Both are concerned with measuring frequencies, with socially relevant outcomes, and with the impact of research on clinical practice and health policy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2764K) -
Takehito TAKANO2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 89-93
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The following issues were discussed in relation to population-based medicine (PBM) education in Japan: a. requirements of physicians under current laws, b. socioeconomic factors and health/illness, c. variations of health among communities, and d. effective and efficient PBM education programs.
2) The author pointed out the following key issues: a. responsibilities of physicians to maintain and promote a population's health, b. attention to the association between socioeconomic factors and illness, c. development of research methods to elucidate characteristics of population health, and d. collaboration between undergraduate and postgraduate education.
3) To improve quality of medical care, to meet people's various needs, to prevent disease, and to provide appropriate care services, taking the view point of PBM is considered to be indispensable.
4) Education in population-based medicine is a requirement in a physician's education in Japan. Accumulation of evidence from the view point of PBM and medical education programs to help develop public-health-minded physicians are important.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
Rikio TOKUNAGA2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 95-97
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Needs for PBM education were pointed out with relation to clinical research, medical care and health administration
.2) The meaning of population and PBM was discussed in historical context of health supervision and medical care.
3) Discussions were made on problems of undergraduate and postgraduate education in social medicine, importance of PBM education in the community, co-operative specialized training in relevant institutions and the role of thespecialists.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
Keiichiro SUZUKI, Hitoshi NARUSE2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 103-110
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) is expected to be used for the Japanese medical license exami-nation (Advanced OSCE). An Advanced OSCE trial was conducted at Hyogo College of Medicine. We examined 96 stu-dents in 11 areas in 1 day with 58 examiners, 5 simulated patients, 70 student volunteers, and 34 clerks. According to thequestionnaire filled out by the students and examiners, this trial was moderately or rather difficult. This trial suggeststhat the Advanced OSCE can be used for the license examination, although some aspects should be improved.View full abstractDownload PDF (1596K) -
Kenji WATANAB, Ko NISHIMURA, Atsusi ISHIGE, Gregory A. PLOTNIKOFF, Tak ...2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 111-114
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Although many people all over the world are aware of traditional Chinese medicine, kampo medicine is not as well known. Kampo, traditional Japanese herbal medicine, is an integral part of medical practice in Japan and deserves greater attention. 2) In response to increasing interest in kampo we have created a web-based virtual class as a reliable source for information about kampo medicine. This virtual class incorporates the latest data on kampo and numerous features to pro- mote a basic understanding of kampo. 3) Through this website and virtual class for health professionals, knowledge of the reliability, usefulness, and safety of kampo will be shared with the world.View full abstractDownload PDF (487K) -
Report on the Medical (Dental) Education Eligibility TestKoichi OSAWA, Kei ITO, Kumiko SHIINA, Atsuhiro HAYASHI, Masaaki TAGURI ...2007 Volume 38 Issue 2 Pages 115-118
Published: April 25, 2007
Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) The Medical (Dental) Education Eligibility Test was developed as the medical school admission test in Korea and was administered for the first time on August 29, 2004. The test evaluates reasoning abilities in language, natural sciences, and spatial relationships.
2) The language section assesses cognitive and communication abilities. The natural science section assesses cognitive ability on the basis of academic knowledge in the field, whereas the spatial relationships section evaluates aptitude expected of dentists in their clinical examinations.
3) Because entrance examinations have traditionally placed too much emphasis on academic knowledge and achievement, assessment of other kinds of aptitudes, such as ethics, cooperativeness, and communication skills, has recently become increasingly important. It remains to be seen how these aptitudes and interpersonal skills can be measured and scaled with admission tests.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K)
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