巻号一覧
13 巻 (1988)
- 6 号 p. 308-
- 5 号 p. 248-
- 4 号 p. 188-
- 3 号 p. 124-
- 2 号 p. 62-
- 1 号 p. 2-
13 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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物性からみた生体膜大木 和夫1988 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 62-72
発行日: 1988/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーThe fluid mosaic model of biomembrane was published in Science 15 years ago. The model was constructed by Singer and Nicolson based on the previous results obtained by thermodynamics, cell biology, spin labeling method, X-ray diffraction, freeze-fracture electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and so on. Almost all knowledges about biomembranes were reflected in the model by their careful consideration. And the basic concept is true even in our day.
Since the model appeared, a lot of results have been obtained in the studies of biomembranes. The present review describes the progress and the prospect of biomembrane research by forcusing on the physical properties of biomembranes.
In the first section, the author mentions the background of the fluid mosaic model. In the next, the results obtained by various methods are shown with their recent development in the instruments; spin labeling, NMR, X-ray diffraction, fluorometry and electron microscopy. The last section refers three topics which are the structure of membrane protein, the mechanism of stimulus-response coupling in cells, and the micro-domain structure of biomembrane.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1618K) -
福島 義博, 熊沢 紀之1988 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 73-82
発行日: 1988/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーPlasma membrane (Na, K) -ATPase transports 3 Na+ out of and 2 K+ into the cell, and thus the pump is electrogenic. This review describes experiments on topical aspects of the cation movement mechanism of (Na, K) -ATPase, putting emphasis on electrogenic properties, reconstitution, and cation occlusion or deocclusion from the transport enzyme molecule.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1701K) -
原谷 賢治1988 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 83-92
発行日: 1988/03/01
公開日: 2011/08/16
ジャーナル フリーThis article reviews gas permeation mechanisms of membranes, problems in evaluation of membranes and designing methods of membrane modules and processes.
The gas permeability of porous membranes is generally expressed by the sum of surface flow, Knudsen flow and viscons flow. That of rubbery polymer membranes is described by the product of Henry's low solubility constant and Fick's law diffusion coefficient. However, permeation properties of glassy polymer membranes are dependent on gas concentration, and are analyzed by the dual mobility model postulating Henry's law species and Langmuir's law species. Commercial type membranes having anisotropic structure should be considered the contribution of various permeation mechanisms, using the resistance model.
The separation efficiency of membranes is affected by operating conditions. Specifically, the effect of concentration polarization phenomenon becomes significant problem with respective to high-flux membranes.
Flow patterns also affect the performance of membrane modules. Analyses of them are based on the designing equations, such as perfect mixing, cross flow, cocurrent flow and countercurrent flow models. Gas separation processes with high performance can be constructed using recycle module systems, such as one-unit recycle, two-unit series and continuous membrane column.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1226K) -
今西 幸男1988 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 93-107
発行日: 1988/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーPast investigations on the synthesis of biocompatible polymer materials indicate three promising ways of approach to the goal. First, antithrombogenic materials are synthesized by controlling the surface properties of the material. This approach is explained in reference to polyetherurethanes surface-grafted with polyoxyethylenes. Secondly, antithrombogenic materials are synthesized by combination of synthetic polymers with biologically active substances. This approach is explained with the examples in which heparin is bound to polyetherurethanes by ionic or covalent bondings with or without spacer chains. Thirdly, biocompatible materials are obtained by the growth of endothelial cells on the surface of the material. This approach is explained by referencing to proteinized materials seeded with endothelial cells. The third approach will be most successful in the future.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1666K) -
三好 浩文, Karl W. BÖDDEKER, Karl HATTENBACH, Axel WENZLAFF1988 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 109-115
発行日: 1988/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーThe pervaporation of water-carboxylic acids mixtures was studied using various kinds of ion exchange membranes. It was found that the flux of water was much greater than that of carboxylic acids. The relation between the concentration of water in the feed solution (Xw) and that in the pervaporated solution (Yw) can be approximately represented by an equation, Yw=1-E/Xw' where E is a constant, in the range 20<Xw<80wt%. Neosepta CM-1 was the best of all ion exchange membranes used for the pervaporation to separate water or acetic acid from their mixtures. The activation energies were 28.7kJ mol-1 for Neosepta CM-1 membrane, and 26.8kJ mol-1 for Nafion 324 membrane. In addition, the flux decreased with an increase in molecular weight of the carboxylic acid employed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (661K) -
市村 年昭, 宮入 祥夫, 松井 郁夫, 本田 皓一1988 年 13 巻 2 号 p. 117-121
発行日: 1988/03/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーEffects of basic poly (amino acid) s on the photosynthetic activities of the thylakoid membranes of thermophilic cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. were examined. Poly-L-ornithine, poly-L-arginine, poly-L-lysine and poly-D-lysine uncouple the thylakoid membranes, dissipating ΔpH generated across the membranes and inhibiting cyclic photophosphorylation mediated by phenazine methosulfate. Contrary to the previous reports with some algae, poly-L-ornithine, poly-L-lysine and poly-D-lysine inhibit photosystem 1-dependent electron flow from tetramethyl-p-hydroquinone to methylviologen, presumably by affecting the function of soluble acidic protein cytochrome c-553. Poly-L-histidine gives no effect on photochemical activities of the cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (780K)
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