巻号一覧
28 巻 (2003)
- 6 号 p. 248-
- 5 号 p. 206-
- 4 号 p. 162-
- 3 号 p. 102-
- 2 号 p. 46-
- 1 号 p. 2-
28 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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山本 昌2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 248-254
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーThe oral bioavailability of hydrophilic drugs and macromolecular drugs is generally poor because they are impermeable through the intestinal mucosa. For systemic delivery of these drugs, parenteral administration is currently required to achieve their therapeutic activities. However, this administration is poorly accepted by patients and may cause allergic reactions and serious side effects. Therefore, various approaches have been examined to overcome the delivery problems of these drugs when they administered to the gastrointestinal tract and other mucosal sites. These approaches include (1) to use additives such as absorption enhancers, (2) to develop an administration method for drugs that can serve as an alternative to oral and injection administration, (3) to modify the molecular structure of drugs to produce prodrugs and analogues, and (4) to use the dosage forms to these drugs. In this study, we demonstrated that intestinal absorption of poorly absorbable drugs including peptide drugs could be improved by using these approaches. Therefore, these approaches may give us basic information to improve the intestinal absorption of poorly absorbable drugs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (791K) -
山崎 昌弘2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 255-262
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that vulnerable period exists in the manifestation of asthma with maximum incidence of asthma attacks in early morning at around 4 a.m. due to morning dip in circadian rhythm. Oral dosage forms of β 2-adrenergic agonists have been widely used to treat asthma patients. But they cannot cover the time of morning dip, and side effects such as palpitation and tremor caused by of excessive serum levels around Tmax limit their usefulness. Chronotherapy for asthma treatment based on circadian rhythm was considered that it would be more efficient and had a lower frequency of side effects. Accordingly we developed a novel transdermal drug delivery system of the β 2-agonist tulobuterol adapted to the circadian rhythm. The system is designed to administer the appropriate dose of drug at the optimal time by transdermal delivery system with Crystal Reservoir System. The superiority of the transdermal formulation of tulobuterol over the current therapy using oral formulations of β 2-stimulants was indicated by its excellent pharmacokinetic profile, and confirmed by the results of clinical trials. This formulation is the worldwide first transdermal chrono-delivery system for asthma treatment, and is expected to provide more effective and safe treatment of asthma and related diseases not only in adults, but also especially in children.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1154K) -
柏山 恭範, 今中 常雄2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 263-270
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily proteins are composed of two homologous halves, each half containing a transmembrane domain (TMD) and a nucleotide-binding domain (NBD). They catalyze the ATP-dependent trans-membrane translocation of a wide variety of substrate including several kinds of lipids. Peroxisomes are organelles bounded by a single membrane and are involved in a variety metabolic process including oxidative degradation of fatty acids. To date, four ABC proteins have been identified in mammalian peroxisomes. The 70-kDa peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP70, ABCD3) is suggested to be involved in ATP-dependent transport of long chain acyl-CoA into peroxisomes. Adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP, ABCD1) seems to be involved in metabolism of very long chain fatty acids. This defect is known to be responsible for the X-linked neurodegeneration disorder adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). Other two proteins are ALD-related protein (ALDRP, ABCD2) and PMP70-related protein (P7OR, ABCD4). Peroxisomal ABC proteins are synthesized on free polysosmes and inserted post-translationally into peroxisomal membranes. Pex19p, a chaperone-like protein, plays an important role in the targeting of peroxisomal ABC proteins. As peroxisomal ABC proteins are half size, they seem to function as homo- and heterodimer on peroxisomal membranes. Recently, PMP70 was shown to change its conformations at the region between TMD and NBD, and the helical domain between Walker A and B motifs during the cycle of the binding and hydrolysis of ATP. The conformational changes seem to be important to transport the substrate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1303K) -
篠原 康雄, 山本 武範, 寺田 弘2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 271-277
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーThe chemical energy of nutrient molecules is converted in to ATP during the process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Since the electrochemical potential gradient of H+ formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane by the oxidation of respiratory substrates is utilized as a driving force for ATP synthesis, the mitochondrial inner membrane is highly impermeable to H+. An increase in the permeability of this membrane to H+ causes inhibition of ATP synthesis, and chemicals that cause such an increase are called uncouplers. Ordinary known uncouplers are hydrophobic weak acids and show their activity by acting as protonophores. On the contrary, in recent studies, a variety of chemicals were found to act as uncouplers, not by acting as a protonophore, but by inducing permeability transition of the inner mitochondrial membrane or by inducing molecular “slippage” of the primary H+ pump. In this review article, recent progress made from studies on the uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation is presented and discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1044K) -
劉 恵元, 中村 一穂, 松本 幹治2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 278-287
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーThe continuous pressure increasing method to measure streaming potential for microfiltration membrane was developed. In this study the streaming potential, SP, was defined as the trans-membrane electrical potential difference ΔETM per unit trans-membrane pressure difference ΔPTM. This developed method has a feature to measure the SP precisely in a short time with a small amount of measuring solution in spite of using unstable electrode material as compared with the conventional step method. The effects of pressure increasing rate, the time range for data processing, and kinds of electrode materials on the linearity between PTM and ETM, which is an index of accuracy of measurement, were examined using cellulose acetate membrane and KCl solution. The availability of developed method was confirmed by comparing with the results obtained by conventional step method. The coefficient of variation of SP measured by repeating measurement was less than 5%. The kinds of electrodes material didn't affect the measurement results. And it was demonstrated that the dependence of SP on electrolyte concentration could be continuously measured by combining with the continuous increasing method of KCl concentration of the measuring solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1260K) -
納崎 克也, 永田 正典, 中根 堯, 瀬口 雄大, 豊田 稔, 柳下 宏2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 288-295
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of recycling system of waste water from plating rinse, process we investigated the treatment by low pressure type reverse osmosis membranes (effective membrane area : 1.7m2).
In the case of 50% recovery of permeate water from feed, the membrane showed the stable performance, but in the case of 80% recovery, the membrane performance decreased gradually with generating the scale of silica compounds on the membrane surface. In order to recover the membrane performance, we investigated to wash the membrane surface using ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid, tetrasodium salt hydrate (EDTA-4Na) aqueous solutions. The membranes treated with these solutions showed the same membrane performance as the initial ones.
In a pilot plant (effective membrane area : 36m2), the membrane showed the stable performance by the every 200 hours of washing treatment using EDTA-4Na aqueous solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (979K) -
菅澤 祐昭, 森居 隆史, 岡田 孝夫2003 年 28 巻 6 号 p. 296-301
発行日: 2003/11/01
公開日: 2011/03/04
ジャーナル フリーThe Molecular Force Probe MFP-3D surpasses conventional atomic force microscopes (AFM) in performance. It is different from the conventional AFMs crucially that the MFP-3D employs a closed-loop design in all three axes that allows highly precise imaging, accurate nano-manipulation, nano-lithography, nano-indentation, and sensitive force measurement. Due to the open architecture of the software and the controller, the MFP-3D is versatile enough for user itself to customize its own experiment flexibly. It is promising that the MFP-3D will expand in application.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1782K)
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