巻号一覧
41 巻 (2016)
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- 3 号 p. 96-
- 2 号 p. 50-
- 1 号 p. 2-
41 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
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特集：ギャップジャンクションの多彩な機能
総説
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大嶋 篤典2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 50-56
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル オープンアクセスMost multicellular organisms possess gap junctions that mediate cell–cell communication. Gap junctions form a 2~4 nm gap between adjacent cells, and include a cluster of multiple channels, each of which is referred to as a gap junction channel. Gap junction channels comprise oligomers of four transmembrane proteins, and allow for the passage of small signal molecules (~a few thousand Dalton) through the central conduit. Interestingly, two gene families with a common function have evolved. Connexins form a family encoding genes for gap junctions expressed in chordates, including vertebrates. Innexins were originally identified in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans, and form a family of invertebrate gap junction channels. The gene members of these two families do not exhibit any homology in terms of their amino acid sequences, and are thus thought to be evolutionary independent, but the electron micrographs of these two families of channels appear very similar. Structural studies of connexin channels in association with inherited human diseases identified that one connexin gap junction channel comprises 12 subunits. Few studies have examined the structural properties of innexin channels, however, and they remain poorly understood. This review discusses the three–dimensional structure of connexin channels, as well as recent advances in our understanding of innexin structures, whose structure appears to differ from that of connexin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (855K) -
大草 知子2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 57-60
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル オープンアクセスThe intercalated disc contains different junctional complexes, electrical junctions and adhesion junctions. The electrical junctions mediate the spread of electrical excitation through gap junctions, and the adhesion junctions are organized to mediate normal mechanical coupling and play a key role in the formation and stability of gap junctions. Each gap junction hemi–channel is formed by six protein subunits, called connexins, and coordinately changes configuration to open and close the hemi–channel. Adhesion junctions, adherens junction and desmosome have common structure; transmembrane molecules, linker proteins, and cytoskeletal proteins. Gap junction and adhesion junction play an important role in maintaining cell–cell adhesion. Based on these backgrounds, intercalated disc remodeling might be an important arrhythmogenic substrate during the development of heart diseases. Here, this article overviews the functions, signal transduction systems of cardiac intercalated disc (gap junction and adhesion junction). Also, this report provides some findings that show an importance of alterations in intercalated disc proteins as one of arrhythmogenicsubstrates during development of heart diseases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (756K) -
岡本 貴行2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 61-67
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル オープンアクセスGap junctions (GJs) are comprised of members of the connexin (Cx) family and endothelial GJs play an important role in vascular function, stability, and homeostasis. Endothelial cells (ECs) communicate to adjacent ECs, vascular smooth muscle cells, leukocytes and platelets via GJ, thereby Cx–mediated interactions with each type of cells have shown different effects over a wide range of vascular functions. Endothelium regulates vascular inflammation, blood coagulation, vasodilation/ vasoconstriction, angiogenesis, and vascular stiffness. Endothelial dysfunction is related to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. The alteration of Cxs expression in vascular component cells contributes to the development of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. We have summarized here the role of GJs in the function of the vascular endothelium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (764K) -
大森 泰文2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 68-73
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル オープンアクセスIt has long been a common knowledge that gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) functions in a tumor–suppressive manner. Once a tumor has developed, the formation of gap junction (GJ) is severely impaired or abolished both among tumor cells and between a tumor cell and its normal counterpart, thus indicating that GJIC– mediated tumor–suppressive effects are produced not in developed tumors but during the early phase of carcinogenesis such as tumor promotion process, where precancerous cells are assumed to be normalized by GJIC with their surrounding non–cancerous cells in terms of cell proliferation. On the other hand, homologous GJIC between tumor cells plays tumor–suppressive roles in developed tumors resulting from carcinogenesis. To the contrary, recent studies are further unraveling the pro–oncogenic roles of GJ–independent connexin (Cx) proteins in tumor progression such as invasion and metastasis. In this review article, multi–directional functions of GJ and Cx are described and discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (727K)
原著
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新村 航, 假屋園 大和, 木村 仁, 斎藤 博幸2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 74-80
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル フリーNanodiscs consist of phospholipids and scaffolding amphipathicα–helical proteins such as apolipoprotein A–I (apoA–I). To better understand the scaffolding function of apoA–I in nanodiscs, we examined the role of amino acid sequences in apoA–I to control the size and stability of nanodiscs using a series of deletion variants lacking different regions along the molecule. In cholate dialysis method, all apoA–I variants formed 1–palmitoyl–2–oleoyl phosphatidylcholine nanodiscs with diameters of 9～11 nm, in which the C–terminal deleted variant exhibited a poor ability to form nanodiscs. The nanodiscs of the C–terminal deleted variant were shown to be kinetically less stable compared to WT apoA–I nanodiscs, consistent with the importance of the C–terminal hydrophobic region in the formation of stable nanodiscs by apoA–I. Importantly, the correlation of the protein–to–phospholipid composition ratio with the number ofα–helical residues in the apoA–I variants on nanodiscs indicates that the lipid-holding capacity of apoA–I largely depends on the number ofα–helical residues on nanodiscs. These results imply the importance of theα– helix–forming ability of apoA–I in not only the energetics of the formation of nanodiscs but also the lipid–holding capacity of nanodiscs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (754K) -
Bo Liu, 熊切 泉, 田中 和広, Xiangshu Chen, 喜多 英敏2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 81-86
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル フリーRho zeolite crystals of 0.8 µ m and Rho zeolite membranes were hydrothermally synthesized without using organic structure–directing agents (OSDAs). Rho zeolite membranes with thickness of 1～2 µ m were formed on the outer surface of porousα–Al2O3 tubes via secondary growth method. Membrane showed CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 ideal selectivities of ca. 6.8 and 2.8, respectively, which are smaller than the reported adsorption selectivities. Rho zeolite membranes showed dehydration performance when water/ethanol and water/isopropanol mixtures were applied. The highest separation factor obtained for water/isopropanol was 1390 with a total flux of 0.77 kg m–2 h–1 when 95wt% isopropanol feed was applied at 348K.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (637K)
製品 & 技術
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南 邦弘, 岩男 美宏2016 年 41 巻 2 号 p. 87-92
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/10/05
ジャーナル 認証ありBisono®tape has been designed to have the optimum combination of skin permeability of drug and adhesion properties using poly(iso–butylene) rubber adhesive. Once daily administration of Bisono®tape produced a sustained release of active ingredient bisoprolol(BSP) through skin showed moderate change in blood concentration and demonstrated antihypertensive effects for twenty–four hours. It is also expected that Bisono®tape contributes to maintain the medication of patients with dysphagia and/or poor compliance to medication and improves patient adherence. This article reviews the formulation design, clinical results and features of Bisono®tape.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (896K)
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