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Volume 9 (1984)
- Issue 6 Pages 308-
- Issue 5 Pages 246-
- Issue 4 Pages 184-
- Issue 3 Pages 126-
- Issue 2 Pages 62-
- Issue 1 Pages 3-
Volume 9, Issue 3
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Possible Role in Pathogenesis of ThromboembolismNobuhiro Uyesaka, Hideo Shio1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 126-134
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMembrane fragility and deformability of erythrocytes were reviewd briefly, and a new, simple and quantitative method for studying mechanical fragility of red cell membrane was discussed. An advantage of this fragility test is that it can be carried out under physiological conditions such as isotonic medium and normal hematocrit value. Mechanical fragility of erythrocytes give us unique information concerning membrane stability related to molecular constituents of membrane, which are not detected by other method such as osmstic test and spin labeling. Furthermore, a new method for platelet aggregation in whole blood was introduced. A possible influence of mechanical fragility of erythrocytes upon platelet aggregation was discussed. Mechanical fragility as well as deformability of erythrocytes might be of clinical importance in maintenance of microcirculation and pathogenesis of thromboembolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1417K) -
Yoshio Imai1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 135-145
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis article reviews synthesis and structure-property relationship of functional membrane materials based on aromatic condensation polymers such as aromatic hydrocarbon polymers, aromatic polyethers, aromatic polyesters, aromatic polyamides, aromatic polyimides, aromatic polyheterocycles, and their related polymers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1189K) -
Takeshi Endo1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 146-160
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNew redox systems by use of electron transfer catalysts (ETC) such as alloxans (vicinal tricarbonyl compound), viologens (1, 1'-dialkyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium), and lipoic acid (coenzyme) were described.
In the reduction of viologens, lipoic acid, quinone, and water with l-alkyl-l, 4-dihydronicotinamides (model of NADH), alloxans acted effectively as ETC. Further, alloxans mediated the reduction of the insoluble quinone polymer with the insoluble polymer containing dihydronicotinamide moiety and of viologen containing membrane by membrane having dihydronicotinamide in the heterophases.
It was found that viologens acted as ETC in the reduction of carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones, azobenzenes, vic-dihalides with sodium dithionite or zinc. Cross-linked membranes containing viologen units were also prepared by the reaction of copoly [acrylonitrile- (chloromethyl) styrene] or poly (γ-methyl-glutamate) with 4, 4'-bipyridyl. Electron transport from S2O42-to Fe (CN) 63+ was achieved with the resultant membranes. Electron transport in the membranes proceeded smoothly by electron diffusion between the viologen units.
Dihydrolipoic acid derivatives were found to be an effective reagent for the reduction of nitrobenzene derivatives in the presence of a catalytic amount of ferrous ion. Based on a redox function of 1, 2-dithiolane _??_ 1, 3-dithiol, lipoic acid derivatives or lipoamide immobilized on hydrophiic polymers such as polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine, and chitosan were also found to work as catalysts for the reduction of hydroxylamines with sodium borohydride in the presence of ferrous ion.View full abstractDownload PDF (1055K) -
Koji Kano1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 161-168
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe utilization of the fluorescent probe method using the excited complexes has been discussed. The intramolecular excimer emission can be used for studing the fluidities of the molecular assemblies and the freeze-thaw effect on the solubilization in micelles. Intramolecular exciplex emission informs the apparent dielectric constant of micelles, liposomes, and microemulsions. The kinetic studies on the fluorescence decay of pyrene in microemulsions containing water-insoluble quencher provide the concentration of the microemulsion. The fluorescence quenching of pyrene by N, N-dimethylaniline is the dynamic fluorescent probe to study the two-dimensional diffusion in liposomal membranes in gel phases.View full abstractDownload PDF (937K) -
Masakazu Yoshikawa, Yoshihisa Yatsuzuka, Kohei Sanui, Naoya Ogata1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 169-170
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (198K) -
Haruhiko Ohya1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 171-176
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA feasibility study was carried out to concentrate dilute aqueous ethanol solutions to 97.5 mol% with a system composed of favorable membrane which permeate ethanol through selectively and unfavorable membrane which permeate water selectively. Energy and membrane area required were calculated with a system of silicone membrane which has separation coefficicient of 9 and was studied by Kimura and Nomura, and PVA membrane 0.018, by Huang and Jarvis. Energy required to concentrate by this system is about eight times larger than that by distillation at minimum reflux ratio.
Energy required decreases with increase of separation coefficient of favorable membrane.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K) -
Takeshi Osada, Yasuo Baba, Akio Komura, Yoshio Ishizu, Haruhiko Ohya1984 Volume 9 Issue 3 Pages 177-181
Published: May 01, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: March 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReverse osmotic concentration of aqueous acetic acid solution was carried out using composite membrane PEC-1000 supplied from Toray Co. Ltd. Separation of acetic acid and flux through the membrane were measured under the following conditions : concentration of acetic acid ; 1.8, 2.5, 5. 1, 9.9 and 14.4 wt%, operating pressures; 2.9, 3.9, 5.5, and 6.9 MPa. Measured separation were around 85% at lower solute concentration, but less than 75% at higher solute concentration and medium operating pressure.
An analysis of the data with Spiegler-Kedem's transport model shows that the values of reflection coefficient σ, solute and hydraulic permeabilities ω and Lp were 1.0, 1.31 × 10-11 and 0.93 × 10-7 mol./(m2. Pa.s), respectively.
Energy and membrane area required were calculated to concentrate dilute acetic acid solutions by reverse osmosis. The energy per one kilogram of the concentrated acetic acid is proportional to the operating pressure and slightly depends on final concentration and concentration polarization, and found 0.1 to 0.30 KWh per kg by to concentrate up to 13.0wt% from 1.3 wt%. The membrane area is inversely proportionalto the operating pressure and found 0.07, 0.10 and 0.23m2/(kg acetic acid/ day), for 10, 8, 5 MPa at no concentration polarization to concentrate upto 13.0 wt%. The membrane area is strongly dependent on concentration polarization.View full abstractDownload PDF (514K)
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