Medical Entomology and Zoology
Online ISSN : 2185-5609
Print ISSN : 0424-7086
ISSN-L : 0424-7086
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Volume 32, Issue 1
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.Cover2
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Localization of the antigenic substances in Haemaphysalis longicornis by means of the double gel-diffusion and indirect immunofluorescense methods
    Kozo FUJISAKI, Shotaro TAKEUCHI, Shigeo KITAOKA
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.1
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    The localization of antigenic substances to humoral antibodies produced in rabbits, either subjected to the repeated infestations of females Haemaphysalis longicornis (parthenogenetic Okayama strain) or inoculated with extracts of various organs of the tick, were examined by the Ouchterlony double gel-diffusion test and the indirect immunofluorescent technique. The antigenic substances were demonstrated in various organs besides the salivary glands and mid-gut whose antigenicities were well established. No antigenicity, however, was observed in the cuticle and tracheae. The antigenic titer of whole tick extract was higher than that of any organs tested at the same concentration of protein. Although the tick resistance, manifested as a reduced engorged body weight, did not develop in rabbits after inoculation with extracts of various organs of tick, the precipitating antibodies having high titers were produced in them.
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  • Acoustic attraction of male mosquitos in a cage
    Toshiaki IKESHOJI
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 7-15
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.7
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    The fundamental frequencies of wingbeat sounds of mosquitos were inherently heterogenous and widely ranged when determined by a real-time analyzer. Acoustic extraction of the males of 4 species, Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Anopheles stephensi and Culex pipiens molestus, was done from the conspecific populations in cages by generating the average mono-frequency sounds of male or female mosquitos with an audio oscillator. Small percentages of the males were left unextracted after 4 or 5 days of sounding, meanwhile 15.3% to 100% of the females were inseminated depending on the frequency and the species. The males of aedine mosquitos responded best to the conspecific male frequencies, whereas all the females of Cx. p. molestus were inseminated before the most of males were extracted from the cage. The females of Ae. albopictus and An. stephensi also responded significantly to the conspecific male frequencies. This fact may have some reference to the females' flight into the male swarm in nature. When several cohorts of Ae. aegypti or An. stephensi were introduced into a cage at intervals and the males were extracted continuously with their female frequency, the insemination rates of the females remaining in the cage varied from 10% to 20%. The flight activity of the males of Ae. aegypti and Cx. p. molestus was bimodal to peak at dawn and dusk, whereas that of An. stephensi was geared at 18 : 00 to only 15-min gate, during which their flagella of antennae were erected. No olfactory pheromone seemed to be involved in the attraction of females of these mosquitos.
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  • The ultrastructure of the anal papillae of the mosquito, Aedes togoi larvae
    Jinichi KITADA, Kozi MATUTANI, Akira MATSUMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 17-22
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.17
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    The ultrastructural studies of the epithelial cells of the anal papillae of larvae of Aedes togoi were made by electron microscope. The materials were reared in different salinities for 120 generations. The epithelial cells of the anal papillae of the larvae reared in 100% sea water or fresh water have infolded and rough structures (Figs. 5-6). However, in 200% and 250% sea water, the structures become extremely fine. The structure is complicated, consisting of overlapping slices with a great number of mitochondria. The mitochondria are densely distributed, like the bubbles of a crepe cake (Figs. 1-4). In the larvae of Aedes togoi, the denser the salinities, the more complicated the structures of the epithelial cells of anal papillae. We deduce from this observation that the anal papillae of Aedes togoi serve as an organ of salt regulation system.
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  • A case report, external myiasis of Boettcherisca peregrina
    Atsuo KANI, Osamu NAKAMURA, Harumi ONO, Keizo NAGASE, Tetsuzo TOTANI, ...
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 23-28
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.23
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    According to Dr. F. Zumpt, the term "myiasis" is defined as the infestation of live man and vertebrate animals with dipterous larvae. Many different species of flies produce myiasis. Many cases of myiasis have been reported from all over the world, but not so many in Japan. External myiasis is mostly otomyiasis in Japan. External myiasis except for otomyiasis reported only 4 cases up to the present. This case appears to be the 5th report of external myiasis in Japan. The patient was a 61-year-old man, living in Nagoya-city. He was admitted with the papillary adenocarcinoma on the left parotid gland. Several dipterous larvae were found in the necrotic center of the tumor. These larvae were 5 to 6mm in body length. Thirteen larvae were collected from the patient. These larvae were reared using the meat of a racoon dog with a temperature at 25℃ and at 75% relative humidity. One male and 2 female flies emerged. After a detailed examination, they have been all identified as Boettcherisca peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830). Findings on clinical case, the life cycle and species of the fly were discussed.
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  • Inactivating effects of UV rays and ozone on cockroach aggregation pheromones of four species
    Kiku OKAMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 29-36
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.29
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    Inactivating effects of UV rays and ozone on cockroach aggregation pheromones were examined by bioassay. The aggregation pheromones were extracted with methyl alcohol from the feces of 4 species of cockroaches, Periplaneta americana, P. fuliginosa, P. australasiae and Blattella germanica. Preference tests were carried out to compare the difference among the filter papers treated as follows : 1) untreated, as control, 2) impregnated with the pheromone extracts, 3) irradiated with short-wave UV rays after the pheromone impregnation, 4) exposed to ozone-containing air after the impregnation. As the result, it was found that the cockroach pheromones were inactivated by the short-wave UV irradiation at a dose rate of 110μW/(cm)^2・sec for 5 to 10min (dose=33,000μW/(cm)^2 or 66,000μW/(cm)^2) as well as by the exposure in ca. 0.2ppm ozone for 5min. The aggregation pheromones included in the cockroach feces were also inactivated by irradiating the short-wave UV rays for less than 1hr (dose=396,000μW/(cm)^2).
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  • Arbovirus infections in the mosquitoes of Fukuoka area, Kyushu, Japan : 3. Natural infection of mosquitoes with Japanese encephalitis virus in the period from 1963 to 1972
    Hideho YAMAMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 37-46
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.37
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    The present paper summarizes the results of the linear studies on the natural infection of mosquitoes with Japanese encephalitis virus in Fukuoka area in the period from 1963 to 1972 when the epidemics of Japanese encephalitis were yearly prevalent among residents. Descriptions and discussions are given principally of the annual and local variations in infection pattern, infection rate and infection time of Culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes.
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  • Description of Haematopota nasuensis n. sp. from Honshu Island, Japan (Diptera, Tabanidae)
    Hirofumi HAYAKAWA, Hiromitsu MORIYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 47-50
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.47
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    Haematopota nasuensis, a new species, was described from Honshu Island. This species is closely related to H. hikosanensis Hayakawa and Takahasi and H. hakusanensis Togashi, but can be easily distinguished from them by having whitish apical band of wings across both vein R_<2+3> and R_4. Key to H. rufipennis group of Japan was proposed including this new species.
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  • A control trial of the vector of onchocerciasis, Simulium ochraceum (Diptera : Simuliidae) in the Lavaderos River Valley, Guatemala
    Yuzuru NAKAMURA, Yoichi YAMAGATA, Hiroyuki TAKAOKA, Masakazu TAKAHASHI ...
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 51-58
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.51
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    The field trial of larviciding Simulium ochraceum was carried out during the period from March to May 1979,in the Lavaderos River Valley, Municipality of San Vicente Pacaya, Department of Escuintla, Guatemala. A 10% temephos solid formulation was applied at a rate of 1 ppm for 60 in with a 14 day cycle. In the 57 sites for application, a total of 245g of solid larvicide had been applied. The larval density of the blackfly decreased rapidly in many larvicided tributaries of the River. After a few times of application the density of adult females captured with a human bait for 3 hr trended to decrease until the minimum of 6 flies in comparison with the ranging from 20 to 500 at the pre-application. The result of the present trial reveals the feasibility of the solid formulation of temephos against S. ochraceum in the field if the preapplication survey on the breeding streams of the target species are thoroughly made.
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  • Insecticidal activity of a new synthetic pyrethroid "terallethrin"
    Takashi YAMAGUCHI, Goro SHINJO, Shigenori TSUDA, Kiyofumi YOSHIDA, Eij ...
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 59-66
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.59
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Terallethrin exhibits quick knockdown activity against sanitary insects such as mosquitoes, houseflies and cockroaches and has repellency against mosquitoes. Its killing activity is comparable to those of allethrin and natural pyrethrins. Terallethrin has remarkably high vapor pressure in comparison with those of other pyrethroid insecticides commercially available. Owing to those characteristics, terallethrin is considered to be usable in a wide range of practical applications as a knockdown agent in the household as well as public health fields.
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  • Chemical investigation of the spray of the Asian whipscorpion Typopeltis crucifer Pocock, 1894
    Hideki ITOKAWA, Rokuro KANO, Shigeru KANEKO, Terumi NAKAJIMA, Tadashi ...
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 67-71
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.67
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    The spray of the Asian whipscorpion, Typopeltis crucifer Pocock, 1894,was investigated chemically using a high performance liquid chromatograph and a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The spray mainly consists of acetic acid, caprylic acid, and water. No other fatty acids, other volatile materials or active amines can be detected in the spray. The adult discharged ca. 5 to 15×(10)^<-5> mol of the total acid in the 1st shot. Contents of the major components were determined by massfragmentography and the following results were obtained : acetic acid, 81.7% (v/v); caprylic acid, 5.4% (v/v); water, 12.9% (v/v). These values are quite similar to those of the American species, Mastigoproctus giganteus (Lucas, 1835).
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  • Body composition of Culex pipiens pallens, with special reference to body size of overwintering females
    Hironori SAKURAI, Kiyoshi MAKIYA
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 72-74
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.72
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    [in Japanese]
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  • Ovipositing behavior of Chrysops yamaguchii Shimizu et Takahashi, 1975 (Diptera, Tabanidae)
    Hirofumi HAYAKAWA, Yohtaro YONEYAMA
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 75-77
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.75
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    Egg-batches of Chrysops yamaguchii Shimizu et Takahasi, 1975 were collected for the first time at a shady and marshy place in the forest near Morioka-shi, Iwate-ken. The eggs were laid on the underside of the leaf of Carex shimidzensis Franch. et Saw. at the height of about 17.4cm above the surface of the water. The egg-batch was light yellowish brown with brown color on the upper end of each egg and elongated in shape with 1 layer of eggs consisting of about 241 eggs. One female was observed to lay eggs at around 2 : 00 P.M., taking 78min to complete one egg-batch of 219 eggs. Hanging posture for oviposition was taken with its head directing slightly upwards.
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  • Studies on phorid flies (Phoridae, Diptera) in Japan : Part IV. Scanning electron microscopic observations of eggs of two Megaselia
    Etsuko FURUKAWA, Kiyotoshi KANEKO
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 78-81
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.78
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    Eggs of Megaselia spiracularis and M. scalaris were examined with the aid of scanning electron microscope. The surface structure of the eggs of both species was observed, and some new findings were made. The micropylar region, which was not noticed so far by light microscope, was recognized as a kind of cactus form situated at the anterior end of the egg. The markings of ventral surface, which were not elucidated clearly by light microscope, were observed in detail in both species.
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  • Additional report of Ixodes nipponensis found on the small reptile, Takydromus tachydromoides, in Kyushu
    Yutaka YONEDA
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 82-83
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.82
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    According to Kitaoka and Saito (1967), hosts of Ixodes nipponensis are cattle, dog, badger, weasel and wild hare at adult stage, and small rodents and birds at immature stages. Human cases of infestation of this species have been reported 11 cases so far. Recently, Fujita and Takada (1978) found that immature stages of this species infested a common small reptile, Takydromus tachydromoides. The author also collected 5 nymphs from the same species that was captured at Mt. Kora in Kurume City in 1978. This is an additional report of Ixodes nipponensis infesting a small reptile in Kyushu.
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  • Observations on the oviposition behavior of Aedes polynesiensis Marks in a laboratory
    Kazuyo ICHIMORI
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 84-85
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.84
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    [in Japanese]
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  • Thirty nine case reports of human infestation with ixodid ticks
    Noboru YAMAGUTI, Nobuhiro TAKADA
    Article type: Article
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages 86-89
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.86
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    Thirty nine cases of human infestation by ixodid ticks were reported. Tick species were Ixodes ovatus (15 cases), I. persulcatus (8), I. nipponensis (4), I. monospinosus, I. acutitarsus and unidentified Ixodes species (1 each); Amblyomma testudinarium (4), Haemaphysalis longicornis (3); unidentified ixodid ticks (2). No bites by male ticks were reported whereas 2 cases were by nymphs of A. testudinarium. Biting mostly occurred during daytime field jobs in hilly areas from April to September. There seems preference of biting sites for I. ovatus and A. testudinarium, the former attacking on head and body especially on eyelids, the latter on lower extremities. Clinical manifestations by biting were generally no more than local flare and swelling of the sites, and few serious damages on the skin were observed except 4 cases, in which the sites came to suppurate. Three authentic cases of human infestation by H. longicornis were confirmed, but no viral or rickettsial infection occurred by the tick bites in all the cases.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages Toc1-
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.Toc1
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Cover
    1981 Volume 32 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
    Published: March 15, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: September 03, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.32.Cover4
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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