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Volume 36 (1985)
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Volume 36, Issue 1
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (53K) -
Hisashi YAMAMOTO, Mutsuo KOBAYASHI, Nobuo OGURA, Hitomi TSURUOKA, Yuic ...Article type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 1-6
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the experimental infection of Brugia malayi to two strains of Armigeres subalbatus, 406 and Rendaiji strains, 58.2% and 63.3% of the total number of filarial larvae were encapsulated mostly in the abdominal haemocoel 24hr after infective blood meal respectively. The encapsulation was also observed in the mid-gut and thorax, but with fewer larvae and in less intensity. On the contrary, smaller numbers of B. pahangi larvae, 2.8% and 17.7% in 406 and Rendaiji strains respectively, were encapsulated in this species of mosquito which is known susceptible to the parasite. It was indicated that the encapsulation of B. malayi larvae in the haemocoel of Ar. subalbatus was linked in a restricting factor in the larval migration from the haemocoel into the thorax.View full abstractDownload PDF (696K) -
Kyoko CHISAKA, Yoshihiro MINAMITE, Hiroshi OHGAMI, Yoshio KATSUDAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 7-13
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn comparison with fenitrothion and diazinon, various types of pyrethroid compounds were evaluated for their control efficacy against Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Dermatophagoides farinae by the culture mixing method. Some new findings were obtained in the study on the pyrethroid structure-activity relationships. Against T. putrescentiae, esters of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid derivatives with phenoxybenzyl alcohol such as phenothrin, fenpropathrin, K-1917,permethrin, KA-1918,K-1919,K-1920,and K-1810 were found to be effective. The activity of these compounds at a concentration of 500ppm was equivalent to that of the reference compounds, fenitrothion and diazinon. The results also showed that the pyrethroid compounds were generally more effective to D. farinae than T. putrescentiae. In particular, phenothrin, cyphenothrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, cypermethrin, KU-1686 and fluvalinate exhibited high control efficacy against D. farinae at a concentration of 100ppm, being as active as diazinon. The introduction of a cyano group into the α-position of the benzylalcohol moiety of tested pyrethroid compounds usually caused reduction in control efficacy against these mites; this is a different phenomenon from that observed in the tests of these compounds for the insecticidal activity. Moreover, some pyrethroid compounds which were reported as having high acaricidal activity against tetranychid mites on plants were not always effective against mites in the house, indicating that there were some differences in the mode of action of pyrethroids among mite species, as well as between mites and insects.View full abstractDownload PDF (605K) -
Hirofumi HAYAKAWAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 15-23
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKey to the subfamilies, genera, species and subspecies of the female of Japanese tabanid flies is presented. One hundred and three species and subspecies are accepted as valid excluding two new synonyms.View full abstractDownload PDF (713K) -
Takeshi KURIHARA, Kazuyo FUJITA, Takeshi SUZUKIArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 25-30
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe use of insecticide-treated curtain made of wide mesh net has been developed for the vector mosquito control, as an alternative to the indoor residual spray. The nets, which had an opening large enough to allow mosquitoes to pass through, were impregnated with the candidate insecticides, fenitrothion and phenothrin, at diffent doses. Contact toxicity tests were conducted with 3-5 day old unfed female Anopheles stephensi. The mortality was observed periodically. As a result, three types of nylon net treated with 1.0g/m^2 of both chemicals retained their insecticidal effectiveness for more than 34 weeks. In order to assess behaviour of the mosquitoes under influence of insecticides, a series of cage tests were carried out in laboratory using an apparatus which is composed of a plastic bag served as a release chamber and of a wire cage (30×30×30cm) served as a baited chamber. The netting, impregnated with the insecticides, was interposed between a cage of avid mosquitoes and a baited chamber. Mosquitoes were released at 3p.m. and recovered at 10a.m. of the following day. The number of dead and live, fed and unfed mosquitoes which were found in each chamber were counted and recorded separately. In the control apparatus, fed mosquitoes rested in the baited chamber. However, the engorged females were driven out from the baited chamber into the released chamber in the apparatus treated with either chemical, at the dose of 0.04g/m^2,at one month post impregnation. There was a reduced entry of mosquitoes into the phenothrin-treated chamber. It appears that phenothrin has a deterrent effect, preventing the mosquitoes from entering through the treated net.View full abstractDownload PDF (650K) -
Charles Yaw BREMPONG-YEBOAH, Tetsuo SAITO, Tadashi MIYATAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 31-38
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe comparative toxicities of some synthetic pyrethroids in the housefly, Musca domestica L. (Lab-em-7-em strain), were studied over 24hr (injection) and 48hr (topical). Results indicated that the housefly was very susceptible to knockdown (KD) by the synthetic pyrethroids although the 24 and 48hr topical LD_<50> values showed little difference from that of fenitrothion, the comparative OP insecticide used in the tests. The most toxic compound in topical application was cypermethrin while fenvalerate was most toxic in injection. In the topical application treatments, α-cyano substituted compounds were more effective both at kill and at KD than non-substituted compounds, except for S-5439 and fenvalerate where the reverse situation was predominant. The relationship between the topical and injection LD_<50> values suggested that some of the synthetic pyrethroids (i.e. phenothrin, cyphenothrin, cypermethrin and S-5439), as well as fenitrothion, could penetrate the housefly cuticle more easily than lindane, permethrin, fenvalerate and fenpropathrin. The general order of toxicity of the tested insecticides, based on the 24 and 48hr LD_<50> s was as follows : cypermethrin>>cyphenothrin≥fenpropathrin≥fenitrothion>fenvalerate≥S-5439≥lindane≥permethrin>phenothrin. Fenitrothion had very little or no KD effects in the housefly.View full abstractDownload PDF (695K) -
Shigeo KITAOKA, Kazuo TANAKAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 39-48
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeven new species of the genus Culicoides are described based on the female and male materials from Taiwan. Each pair of the new species described and its comparable related species are as follows : C. (C.) lanyuensis sp. n. vs. C. (C.) effusus Delfinado, C. (Haemophoructus) gentiloides sp. n. vs. C. (H.) gentilis Macfie, C. (Trithecoides) flavitibialis sp. n. vs. C. (T.) palpifer Das Gupta et Ghosh, C. cheni sp. n. vs. C. distinctus Sen et Das Gupta, C. taiwanensis sp. n. vs. C. toshiokai Kitaoka, C. lini sp. n. vs. C. verbosus Tokunaga, and C. liukueiensis sp. n. vs. C. marginatus Delfinado.View full abstractDownload PDF (1364K) -
Senji KAWAI, Hiromu KURAHASHI, Chieko SHUDO, Yoshito WADAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 49-54
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn investigation was made to know the life history of Aldrichina grahami (Aldrich, 1930) in Hachijo Island, Tokyo, from February 1981 to May 1982. A trap baited with horse meat was set at five different altitudes, 50m, 200m, 400m, 600m and 800m, of Mt. Hachijo-Fuji. The number of flies captured was counted once a month. The larvae and pupae which had bred from meat in the trap were also counted and transferred into a separate trap for emergence. The number of the flies gradually increased from foot to top of the mountain during March to May. Following the rainy season in June, the number decreased and only one female was trapped at alt. 600m during August to September. Some females were captured again at alt. 600m and 800m in October. This suggests that some of mated females can estivate in the mountainous area above alt. 600m where it is usually cool and foggy during summer and mossforests develop. A few adults and a number of pupae were found even in winter in the trap of station 600m. The upper region of the mountain may be considered as a primary habitat of this blow fly. After estivation some females probably migrated for spawning eggs from the mountainous habitat and appeared in the town at alt. 50m. They may be successful in finding enough foods and breeding places around the human dwellings in winter and spring. The 74% of the flies were trapped in a temperature range of 2.0-9.0℃ in minimum and 16.5-23.0℃ in maximum and in a range of day length 10 : 30-14 : 20. This also suggests that the adult has a preference for such climate as being rather cool before sunrise and warm in daytime in spring and autumn.View full abstractDownload PDF (583K) -
Chiharu HOSHINOArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom June 1980 to April 1983,a total of 53,743 biting midges of the genus Culicoides, representing the following 20 species, was collected by 122 light-trappings at a cowshed on Ishigaki-jima, Ryukyu Islands : C. actoni, C. anophelis, C. arakawae, C. brevipalpis, C. brevitarsis, C. dumdumi, C. flavipunctatus, C. hui, C. jacobsoni, C. kibunensis, C. komiensis, C. nipponensis, C. okinawaensis, C. oxystoma, C. peliliouensis, C. paraflavescens, C. peregrinus, C. sumatrae, C. verbosus, and C. wadai. Dominant species were C. peregrinus (62.6% of the total), C. oxystoma (15.2%), C. arakawae (10.3%), C. paraflavescens (3.0%), C. nipponensis (2.4%), C. brevipalpis (2.2%), and C. brevitarsis (1.8%). Engorged females were found in C. actoni, C. arakawae, C. brevipalpis C. brevitarsis, C. nippnnensis, C. oxystoma, C. peregrinus, C. sumatrae, and C. verbosus, but not in a dominant species, C. paraflavescens. Biting midges were collected every month of the year, although their numbers were generally larger in summer (July-October).View full abstractDownload PDF (392K) -
Akifumi HAYASHI, Goro SHINJOArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 59-63
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChange of susceptibility of a organophosphorus resistant housefly (Musca domestica Linne) colony collected at Dejima-cho in Ibaraki prefecture (Japan) to several organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides was studied during successive selection with tetramethrin, resmethrin or permethrin in the laboratory from Janury 1977 to March 1980. Selection was performed in the concentration which resulted in more than 80% mortality to the adult houseflies by topical application. Present results indicated that susceptibility of these houseflies to pyrethroids did not decrease during successive selection for 10 generations with tetramethrin, 20 generations with resmethrin, or 30 generations with permethrin, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K) -
Hideki ITOKAWA, Rokuro KANO, Terumi NAKAJIMAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 65-66
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe spray of the Asian whipscorpion, Typopeltis stimpsoni (Wood, 1862), was investigated chemically using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The spray mainly consisted of acetic acid, caprylic acid and water. No other fatty acids and volatile materials could be detected in the spray. Contents of the major components were determined by mass-fragmentography and the following result was obtained : acetic acid, 78.3% (v/v); caprylic acid, 5.8% (v/v); water, 15.9% (v/v). These values are quite similar to those of the American species, Mastigoproctus giganteus (Lucas, 1835) and those of the other Asian whipscorpion, T. crucifer Pocock, 1894.View full abstractDownload PDF (205K) -
Hiroyuki TAKAOKA, Hiroshi SUZUKIArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 67-69
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations on blackflies and their pathogens were carried out in 1977 and 1983 on the islands of Fukue and Nakamichi, the Goto Archipelago, Nagasaki, Japan. Six simuliid species (Simulium uchidai, S. aureohirtum, S. bidentatum, S. aokii, S. arakawae and S. japonicum) were collected for the first time from this archipelago. S. aureohirtum proved to be autogenus. The pupal gills of S. japonicum from Fukue Island were different from those on Nakamichi Island. Infections of blackfly larvae by parasites were rarely observed; out of 236 simuliid larvae examined, only one and five larvae were infected with mermithid and microsporidan parasites, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (345K) -
Minoru BABA, Hiroyuki TAKAOKAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 71-73
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations on blackflies and their larval parasites were carried out in April 1984,in the island of Togo, Oki Islands, Shimane, Japan. Five blackfly species (Prosimulium kiotoense, Simulium subcostatum, S. uchidai, S. arakawae and S. japonicum) were found, of which P. kiotoense was newly recorded from this island. This result brougth the total number of Simuliidae species in Oki Islands to nine. Mermithid and microsporidan parasites commonly infected P. kiotoense and S. japonicum larvae. Fungal infection was rare, one of 136 P. kiotoense and two of 154 S. japonicum larvae being infected.View full abstractDownload PDF (296K) -
Hiromi FUJITA, Hideo OOTAKE, Shoichiro OHARAArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 75-77
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA tularemia agent, Francisella tularensis, was isolated from an engorged adult female Haemaphysalis flava parasitized on a dead hare, Lepus brachyurus, in Tohoku University Kawatabi Farm, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. A (LD)_<50> of the isolate was (10)^<-9.5>mg (1.4×(10)^9 bacteria in a mg) in mice (dd strain) inoculated intraperitoneally. A serologic survey of the range cattle in the Farm demonstrated a 4.7% prevalence of antibody against tularemia agent. The agglutination titers ranged from 1 : 5 to 1 : 10.View full abstractDownload PDF (356K) -
Tatsuo YABEArticle type: Article
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 79-81
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Article type: Cover
1985 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
Published: March 15, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 02, 2016
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (69K)
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