Medical Entomology and Zoology
Online ISSN : 2185-5609
Print ISSN : 0424-7086
ISSN-L : 0424-7086
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Volume 60, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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  • Recent distribution of vector mosquitoes and epidemiology of the diseases they transmitted in Taiwan
    Jhy-Wen WU, Hwa-Jen TENG, Chao LIN, Chih-Yuan WANG, Ding-Ping LIU, Ho- ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 241-252
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.241
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In Taiwan, the important mosquito-borne diseases include Japanese encephalitis (JE), dengue, and malaria, in which only JE is known as an endemic disease at present. This paper updates the current status of these disease vectors and pathogen activities to evaluate the disease risk. Since 2004, small to medium dengue outbreaks (202-2000 cases) have occurred annually, mostly in southern Taiwan where Aedes aegypti (L.) distributes. Occasionally, small outbreaks (smaller than 20) occurred in other areas without the presence of Ae. aegypti. Dengue virus infection in local vector population was detected sympatrically with the human cases in the same outbreak. JE cases have occurred sporadically after the introduction of vaccination program since 1968. The predominant species was Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (93.9%), followed by Cx. fuscocephala Theobald (3.4%), and Cx. vishnui Theobald (2.6%). Overall population densities were high, with the highest number of 37,440 per trap-night. JE virus was active in mosquito populations during May and June. The distribution of Anopheles minimus Theobald was limited to a few villages at the foothills of southern and eastern Taiwan. The highest numbers of An. minimus adults trapped per trap-night were between 23 and 206 in 6 villages. Chikungunya infection has been found in the travelers from endemic countries since 2007. In conclusion, the threat of these mosquito-borne diseases is increasing because of the frequent introductions of pathogens and the high densities of disease vectors in Taiwan.
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  • New records of ten species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Nepal
    Suchitra SHRESTHA, Hiroyuki TAKAOKA
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 253-258
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.253
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    Surveys of the larvae and pupae of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) were carried out in Shivapuri National Park and other localities in and near the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Ten known species belonging to four subgenera of the genus Simulium are newly recorded from Nepal.
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  • Two new and one newly recorded species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from southern Thailand
    Hiroyuki TAKAOKA, Yasushi OTSUKA, Wej CHOOCHOTE, Sorawat THONGSAHUAN
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 259-268
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.259
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    Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) are described based on pharate adult specimens and their pupal exuviae collected from Surat Thani Province, southern Thailand. Simulium (G.) datfaense sp. nov. is characterized by the pupal gill composed of one long and seven short filaments arranged as 3+3+2 lying horizontally from inside to outside. Simulium (G.) otsukai sp. nov. is also distinctive in having the eight pupal gill filaments arranged as 1+1+2+[1+(1+2)] from dorsal to ventral. Simulium (G.) cheongi is recorded for the first time from Thailand.
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  • Simulium (Gomphostilbia) chiangdaoense sp. nov. (Diptera: Simuliidae) from northern Thailand
    Hiroyuki TAKAOKA, Wichai SRISUKA
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 269-276
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.269
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    Simulium (Gomphostilbia) chiangdaoense sp. nov. is described from adult and pupal specimens collected from northern Thailand. This new species is assigned to the ceylonicum species-group and is characterized by the cocoon with an extraordinarily elongate anterodorsal projection as well as the almost fully-haired male subcosta.
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  • Taxonomic notes on the genus Crumomyia (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) from Japan and Taiwan
    Toshihiko HAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 277-281
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.277
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    Crumomyia kanmiyai sp. nov. is described from Taiwan, and C. peishulensis Kuznetzova, 1989 is recorded from Japan for the first time.
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  • The sarcophagid flies from Peninsular Malaysia (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
    Hiromu KURAHASHI, Siew Hwa TAN
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 283-296
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.283
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    The collections of Malayan Sarcophagidae preserved in the National Science Museum and the National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo and made by the present authors during the field surveys in the Peninsular Malaysia between 2004 and 2008 are dealt with. A total of two subfamilies, 20 genera and 45 species is listed. A new species, Boettcherisca highlandica sp. nov. is described and illustrated.
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  • Tick fauna associated with sika deer density in the Shimane Peninsula, Honshu, Japan
    Takeo YAMAUCHI, Kenji TABARA, Hiroki KANAMORI, Hiroki KAWABATA, Satoru ...
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 297-304
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.297
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    The tick fauna in the Misen mountains, an endemic area of Japanese spotted fever, and surrounding areas of Shimane Prefecture, Western Honshu, Japan was surveyed. A total of 7,497 ixodid ticks were collected by flagging in the Misen mountains and surrounding areas. They were classified as four genera and 12 species: Amblyomma testudinarium, Dermacentor taiwanensis, Haemaphysalis cornigera, H. flava, H. formosensis, H. hystricis, H. kitaokai, H. longicornis, H. megaspinosa, Ixodes nipponensis, I. ovatus, and I. turdus. Haemaphysalis kitaokai and H. longicornis were the dominant tick species in the Misen mountains from December to April and from May to August, respectively. Furthermore, the relative abundance of H. kitaokai and H. longicornis were negatively correlated with distance from the Misen mountains. A total of 819 ixodid ticks were collected from sika deer, Cervus nippon, hunted in the Misen mountains because sika deer activity is intensive in the mountains. They were classified as two genera and four species: H. longicornis, H. megaspinosa, I. ovatus and I. tanuki. Of these, H. longicornis occupied 87.6% of the ticks collected from sika deer from April to June. These results suggest sika deer are important hosts of H. longicornis in the mountains. Moreover, it is highly possible that the focal accumulation of H. longicornis in the mountains is dependent on deer density.
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  • Cockroaches inhabiting greenhouses of a botanical garden in Toyama Prefecture, Japan
    Takeo YAMAUCHI, Haruyoshi KATO
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 305-310
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.305
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    From June to September 2007, cockroaches were collected with sticky traps in four greenhouses of the Botanic Gardens of Toyama, Toyama Prefecture, Japan. A total of 1,968 individuals consisting of seven species, Periplaneta americana, P. australasiae, P. fuliginosa, P. japonica, Imblattella orchidae, Margattea nimbata, and Pycnoscelus surinamensis were captured. Of these, 5 tropical and subtropical species, P. americana, P. australasiae, I. orchidae, M. nimbata, and Py. surinamensis, were recorded for the first time in Toyama Prefecture. These tropical and subtropical species may have been introduced to the greenhouses along with plants. In terms of the species composition of adults, P. australasiae was the most abundant (73.0%), followed by Py. surinamensis (21.3%).
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  • A survey of tabanid flies in the north-western part of Hokkaido, Japan
    Hitoshi SASAKI, Yoji ISHIKAWA, Nayu SUKEHIRO
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 311-315
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.311
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    The tabanid fly fauna and their seasonal prevalence were surveyed with a mosquito-net and NZI traps baited with 2kg of dry ice at 2 municipal pastures in Shibetsu and Rumoi, of north-western Hokkaido, Japan from June to September in 2005 and 2006. A total of 467 flies of 10 species in 5 genera were captured at Shibetsu, and 956 flies of 13 species in 6 genera at Rumoi. At Shibetsu, Tabanus nipponicus was the dominant species followed by Hybomitra distinguenda and T. trigeminus. Tabanus nipponicus was also the dominant species at Rumoi, followed by T. rufidens and T. chrysurus. Hirosia sapporoensis was abundantly captured in Rumoi but not collected in Shibetsu. The fly numbers showed a peak in late July at Shibetsu. In Rumoi, 2 peaks were observed in late July and late August probably due to the effects of rain fall during the collection day in early August.
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  • A case report of Shimokoshi type Orientia tsutsugamushi from Yamagata Prefecture, Japan
    Katsumi OTANI, Akiko KANEKO, Toshiya AOKI, Hiromi FUJITA
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 317-321
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.317
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    We reported a case of tsutsugamushi disease occurring in Yamagata Prefecture in Nov, 2007. A 70-year old man was admitted to the hospital for fever (38.9℃), skin rash, and an eschar on his neck. Laboratory examination of serum taken 14 days after onset of the illness showed elevated titers of antibodies against the Shimokoshi strain of Orientia tsutsugsmushi (IgG: 1:2,560; IgM: 1:5,120). The gene encoding the 56-kDa-protein specific for O. tsutsugamushi was detected by PCR from the patient's blood. Further sequence analysis of the PCR product (1,768 bpfragment including ORF region) revealed 99.4%, and 98.5% similarities to the Shimokoshi strain (Accession No: M63381) at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. Therefore, a very rare case of Shimokoshi-type tsutsugamushi disease was found in Yamagata Prefecture. Identification of the trombiculid species of vectors for this type of tsutsugamushi disease is needed in the future.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 323-324
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.323
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 329-331
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.329
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Index
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages 332-334
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.332
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  • Memory of the late Professor Suehisa TAKADA
    Shigehiko UNI
    Article type: Article
    2009 Volume 60 Issue 4 Pages i-
    Published: December 15, 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2016
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.7601/mez.60.i_3
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