Iodide-oxidizing bacteria are able to catalyze the oxidation of iodide ion (I−) to molecular iodine (I2), and they have been isolated from natural gas brine water containing very high concentrations (up to 1.2 mM) of iodide. They are aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in the class Alphaproteobacteria and are divided into two phylogenetic groups. One of the groups is most closely related to Roseovarius mucosus, whereas the other group is closely related to the Kordiimonadales and Rhodothalassium salexigens, with relatively low 16S rRNA gene identity levels of 89% to 91%. Iodide-oxidizing bacteria can also be enriched from natural seawater supplemented with iodide, because their I2 tolerance is much higher than that of other heterotrophic bacteria in seawater. The enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of iodide (IOX) is an extracellular oxidase; it also has marked activity towards various phenolic compounds, including ABTS, syringaldazine, and 2,6-dimethoxy phenol. Further studies have revealed that IOX is a putative multicopper oxidase (MCO) but is phylogenetically distinct from other known bacterial MCOs such as CueO, CumA, CopA, and CotA. The fact that IOX has the highest catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) for iodide among the known MCOs makes it a suitable candidate for a wide range of applications, including enzyme-based antimicrobial systems and decolorization of recalcitrant dyes.
抄録全体を表示