Microbial Resources and Systematics
Online ISSN : 2759-2006
Print ISSN : 1342-4041
Volume 33, Issue 1
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
  • —Distribution of diaminohexane, penta-amines, and hexa-amine—
    Koei Hamana, Masaki Kobayashi, Takemitsu Furuchi, Hidenori Hayashi, Ma ...
    2017 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 3-8
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    We bought samples of 16 species of brown macroalgal seaweeds (class Phaeophyceae) in the genera Fucus, Ascophyllum, Sargassum, Saccharina, Undaria, Ecklonia, Eisenia, Chorda, Cladosiphon, Nemacystus, Petalonia, and Analipus from food markets. We acid-extracted polyamines from them for analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography and high-performance gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and estimated molar concentrations of the polyamines. In 12 of the species we found not only diaminopropane, putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, norspermidine, homospermidine, spermine, norspermine, thermospermine, and agmatine, but also a novel long diamine, 1,6-diaminohexane. All species held caldopentamine and homocaldopentamine. Some species had minor contents of thermopentamine and caldohexamine. The brown-algal seaweeds are much richer in long linear polyamines than multicellular green- and red-algal seaweeds.

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  • Toyozo Sato, Kaga Akito, Naruto Furuya, Kenichi Tsuchiya, Masatoshi On ...
    2017 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 9-18
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Five fungal pathogens of wild soybean (Glycine soja Sieb. & Zucc.), the ancestor of cultivated soybean (G. max (L.) Merr.), reported in Japan are known pathogens of cultivated soybean. Of 50 species in 31 genera of fungi isolated or detected from diseased parts of wild soybean in several regions of Japan in 2014, we found 24 to be the same as known pathogens or inhabitants of cultivated soybean. Fourteen of these were known as soybean pathogens in Japan: Cercospora kikuchii, Cer. sojina, Colletotrichum destructivum, Corynespora cassiicola, Epicoccum nigrum, Gibberella avenacea, Fusarium sp. (the F. oxysporum species complex), Oidium (Pseudoidium) sp., Peronospora manshurica, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phytophthora cryptogea, Phy. sojae, Septoria glycines, and Thanatephorus cucumeris (Rhizoctonia solani, AG-1 1A). The other ten are pathogens or inhabitants of soybean reported overseas were Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Curvularia intermedia, Cur. lunata, Fusarium fujikuroi, Fusarium sp. (the F. graminearum species complex), Gibberella acuminata, G. intricans, Paramyrothecium roridum, and Pseudopithomyces chartarum. Those considered injurious to soybean include Col. destructivum (anthracnose), Per. manshurica (downy mildew), and Pha. pachyrhizi (rust), collected in more than one prefecture, and Cor. cassiicola (target spot, leaf spot), Phy. sojae (root and stem rot),S. glycines (Septoria brown spot) and T. cucumeris (Rhizoctonia rot, seedling blight), collected in single prefectures. The results suggest that wild soybean could be fertile ground for many pathogens of cultivated soybean.

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  • Eri Mitani, Fumiyo Nakayama, Izumi Matsuwaki, Ikuyo Ichi, Atsushi Kawa ...
    2017 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 19-29
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    To evaluate the occurrence of polyunsaturated fatty acids as phenotypic markers, we analyzed the fatty acid compositions of 235 strains of microalgae within the divisions Heterokontophyta, Cryptophyta, and Haptophyta held in the Microbial Culture Collection at the National Institute for Environmental Studies. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5) was present at >10% of the total fatty acid composition in 119 strains. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6) DHA was present at >10% of the total in 16 strains, most in the Haptophyta, in addition to two unidentified strains in the Pelagophyceae (Heterokontophyta). Strains of the Heterokontophyta other than the Chrysophyceae and the Pelagophyceae and the strains of Cryptophyta typically contained more EPA than DHA. The Heterokontophyta, with 11 classes, including the newly recognized Aurearenophyceae, Pelagophyceae, and Schizocladiophyceae, showed diverse fatty acid profiles, although clear phenotypic results defining each taxonomic group were not confirmed.

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  • Naoto Tanaka, Satoru Miyazaki, Tomonori Suzuki, Satoru Tomita, Akinobu ...
    2017 Volume 33 Issue 1 Pages 31-37
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 01, 2024
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    We developed an online system for screening of functional lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains deposited in the NODAI Culture Collection Center (NRIC). We defined 81 characteristics as desired and useful functions of LAB and characterized 1819 strains by experiments. Characteristics include the ability to tolerate stresses, the production of functional materials, carbon assimilation, and probiotic traits. We constructed a hierarchical database of LAB strains with both qualitative and quantitative data. As it is difficult to query on quantitative data with search algorithms designed to find exact matches, the quantitative data are converted to qualitative data on the basis of data characteristics. The user can retrieve useful strains of interest by simple keyword search using only qualitative data such as“ +” and“ –” and can efficiently retrieve strains with multiple useful functions. The system is available online at http://www.ps.noda.tus.ac.jp/labdb/jsps/index.jsp. Identified functional strains can be distributed on request.

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