医用画像情報学会雑誌

ディジタルマンモグラフィの物理評価

松本政雄

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 13-18
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.13

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Evaluation standard of phantom images in mammography guideline(second edition) published on March, 2004 including film outcome of digital images was indicated and evaluation of physical imaging properties (digital characteristic curve, modulation transfer function, noise power(Wiener) spectrum, detective quantum efficiency, detectorbility of CDMAM phantom) of digital mammography was explained.

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乳がん画像診断領域におけるコンピュータ支援診断（CAD）

藤田広志, 原武史, 松原友子, 福岡大輔

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 19-26
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.19

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This paper reviews the developments of computer-aided diagnosis(CAD) for breast cancer. The current status of commercialization of the CAD is described. Then, the techniques for the detection of architectural distortion are mentioned. Clinical evaluations of mammography CAD as well as the analysis of mammary gland structure and the assessment of risk factor are also presented. Finally, both the development and current status of breast ultrasonography CAD are explained.

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位相コントラスト乳房撮影の原理と画像

大原弘, 儀同智紀, 石坂哲, 本田凡

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 27-33
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.27

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The technology of phase-contrast mammography is described from its principle through application to digital mammography. An edge effect due to phase contrast has been formulated with geometric optics for phase-contrast imaging with use of current medical x-ray tubes. The spatial resolution in digital mammography is discussed for design of a phasecontrast digital mammography system. Our empirical study of increase in image-sharpness due to magnification and phasecontrast is reported for each full-field and spot-compression mammography using phase-contrast technology. And experimental results of image noise are also reported in terms of noise power spectra(NPS)for conventional contact and phase-contrast images.

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マンモグラムの画像処理の考え方

笹田良治

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 34-38
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.34

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As the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is actively promoting mammography screening, the digitization of mammography has been advancing rapidly thanks to recent technology improvement. The digitization of mammography is expected to bring great advantages including higher efficiency in image storage and utilization, soft copy diagnosis and computer-assisted diagnosis. Still, however technology improves, it is a human being that reads an image and makes a final determination, and therefore "the image quality of mammograms" remains as one of the critical elements in mammography. There are many factors that affect the image quality of mammograms, including exposure conditions, exposure devices, input/output devices, image processings. This paper brings up image processings from among the factors and discusses the philosophy of image processings for mammograms.

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スクリーン・フィルムマンモグラフィシステムの精度管理

伊知地宏志

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 39-46
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.39

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Screen film system for Mammography had been improved its speed and image quality together with the improvement of equipment technology and procedure. Stability of processing system also improved by the progress of film emulsion and chemistry, but to maintain the optimum image, it is important to follow the fundamental quality control guideline. In this paper, condition of optimum image, quality control method for processing system together with countermeasure and appropriate environmental control for material storage were explained.

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デジタルマンモグラフィの特性と検診業務への適用

大島由起子

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 47-54
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.47

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With the increase of breast cancer worldwide, there is a growing concern about breast cancer screening. The reason of above is the penetration of mammography screening in Europe and the United States is working for decreasing of the death rate of breast cancer. And, the environment surrounding digital mammography is making advance. In Japan, too, including the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, various committees are considering operation of digital mammography. The evaluation how digital mammography can contribute to quality, efficiency and continuation in the mammography screening operation is important. I'd like to introduce Full Field Digital Mammography has superior image quality, productivity and quality control, additionally, has opportunity that existing analog mammography system doesn't have. So that means various clinical examination results, actual performance of mobile screening bus, considerations of running cost, expanded utilization of CAD, operation of remote diagnosis, spread of monitor diagnosis, potentiality of advanced application.

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新発想の乳房撮影用自動露出システムFlex AEC

辻久男

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 55-57
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.55

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It is difficult to take proper mammography image concerning film density because the breast consists of soft tissue. Especially density of most dense part of the breast is important to read the mammography. FlexAEC is newly developed to get proper density by measuring density of the mammary gland. FlexAEC is effective though stabilizes the density of the film in an analog system, and, on the other hand, works effectively to stabilize X-ray dose in a digital system.

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マンモグラム読影のためのモニタについて

長谷川幹夫, 山川正登, 西嘉一, 藤岡清登

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 58-63
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.58

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As digitization of mammography progress, Japan Radiological Society(JRS)and Japanese Society of Radiological Technology(JSRT)have revised the mammography guideline for film-screen systems, including articles on printing digital data onto film, in 2004. It clarified the specifics on QA control. In the meantime, the guideline has been reviewed to prepare for the softcopy interpretation and clinical studies have been conducted. Due to the particularity of mammograms, the display performance required of mammographic image displays is much higher than those of general use displays. Though it may still fall short of film, the display performance has been greatly improved and more products in the market are rated well-acceptable, thanks to higher display resolution and technical developments of peripheral circuitry and firmware. In this paper, we would first like to discuss the latest technology and regulatory trends, including comparison between softcopy and film and between softcopy and CRT, and display accuracy. We would then like to introduce our newly developed 5M monochrome LCD ME 551i2 in this paper.

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マンモグラム診断用モニタの選定と精度管理

橋本憲幸, 比良浄敬

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 64-69
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.64

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Digital mammography has spread among radiologists recently. As a result, imaging tool for mammogram diagnosis is changing from hardcopy to softcopy. It means that LCD monitor is getting more popular as an medical imaging device for diagnosis, instead of film screen. However, LCD monitor has different characteristics from film screen and we need to understand them for reliable diagnosis.In this paper, resolution, luminance response and human visual systems are described firstly. And JESRA is explained as a quality control guideline for medical LCD monitors. The performance of LCD monitor will keep improving, and there will be further studies related to ideal image display.

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Real-time Tissue Elastography 技術の開発

三竹毅, 松村剛, 脇康治, 村山直之, 山本佳子

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 70-74
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.70

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As the first step in cancer examination, the method to detect the lesion by perceiving information of local area stiffness from body surface, in other word, the palpation is widely practiced. However, in case the lesion is too small or it is located too deep, the palpation is difficult, and also, its diagnosis largely depends on the experience and subjectivity of each examiner. The authors have been developing the tissue elasticity imaging technology utilizing ultrasound as a means to overcome the limitation of palpation and to make objectively apparent the information obtained through palpation. This technology offers, as a new diagnostic information, the stiffness of tissue as the tissue characterization, and it is suggesting the possibility for even less experienced examiner to give discriminative diagnosis with high accuracy rate. The authors named this technology “Real-time Tissue Elastography” and have incorporated this technology as a function into a high-end diagnostic digital ultrasound system HITACHI EUB-8500, the first system realized in the world market. This paper reports on the background of this development and the image-visualization technology, leaving the details of its clinical usefulness to be described in other reports

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乳癌超音波自動検診用システムについて

伊藤壽夫

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 75-78
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.75

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For ultrasonic breast cancer screening, we developed high resolution ultrasonic equipment with automatic scanner. This scanner scans the area of 16×16cm automatically with 3 paths per one breast. By this developed equipment, screening was performed about 4 minutes per person. High frequency probe in this developed equipment visualizes width of 6cm Operator can select acquisition flame pitch by changing motor drive speed. Each B-mode image from US equipment will be acquired and synthesized and stored by Windows base External PC. Also, this External PC controls motion of scanner by USB control line. By this system, it became possible to diagnose large number of data shortly

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マンモグラフィへのX線位相イメージングの有用性に関する検討

遠山景子, 片渕哲朗, 松尾悟

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 79-84
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.79

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The purpose of this study is to assess the potential usefulness of phase-contrast imaging for application to mammography. Phase-contrast images were obtained by using a customized mammography unit with a nominal focal spot size of 100μm, where the source-to-image distance was variable up to 1.5m. Edge enhancement in radiograph of a plastic fiber was first confirmed in phase-contrast imaging, and then reduction of the image contrast by scattered radiation from acrylics plates added onto the plastic fiber was measured. Moreover, edge enhancement in phase-contrast imaging was observed in the images of an air-cap, and an extracted lung-specimen in comparison with those images of contact radiography. Reduction of image contrast by scattered radiation from added acrylics plates was compared between phasecontrast imaging and contact radiography with the objects of chicken-meat and a raisin. The results indicated that the image contrast in phase-contrast imaging increased with edge enhancement, and that the reduction of image contrast in phasecontrast imaging was smaller than that in contact radiography, even if the thickness of added acrylics plates increased. It is therefore the phase-contrast imaging by using the customized mammography unit would be useful so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy in mammography.

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1枚の2次元眼底画像を用いた3次元眼底画像の構築

中川俊明, 林佳典, 畑中裕司, 青山陽, 水草豊, 藤田明宏, 加古川正勝, 原武史, 藤田広志, 山本哲也

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 85-90
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.85

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We have been developing a computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)system to detect abnormalities in color retinal images. Techniques have been proposed for automatic extraction of blood vessels(BVs), automatic measurement of diameter of BVs, erasing BVs, and detection of optic disk region in the works. In this study, these techniques were applied to automatic 3D reconstruction using a single 2D fundus image. The BVs were extracted by using mathematical morphology operator from the green component of the RGB value of color retinal images. Next, the BVs were erased from the image and then erased pixels were interpolated by using the RGB values of pixels in surrounding region. The diameter of BV was defined as minimum length of line segment between the BV walls. 3D configuration of optic disk region was reconstructed using intensity of pixel values in BV-erased image as information of the depth. The 3D fundus image was able to express that blood vessels passed along the vitreous side of the retina and the optic disk's concave shape. It can be used as an assisting tool for test subjects to understand the anatomy of the fundus image.

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SPIE Medical Imaging 2006 Symposium 参加報告

弦巻正樹, 池戸祐司, 福岡大輔

2006 年 23 巻 2 号 p. 91-93
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/01

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11318/mii.23.91

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