巻号一覧
29 巻 (1978)
- 4 号 p. 157-
- 3 号 p. 109-
- 2 号 p. 35-
- 1 号 p. 1-
29 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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井沢 龍夫, 井上 豊志郎1978 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 35-63
発行日: 1978/07/15
公開日: 2012/12/11
ジャーナル フリーAtmospheric temperature and moisture profiles, and their related sea surface temperature distribution in the western Pacific during the Air Mass Transformation Experiment (AMTEX) are derived, using the NOAA Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer (VTPR)data, in comparison with the AMTEX special observations.
A method for simultaneously deriving atmo s pheric moisture profiles and their related sea surface temperature distribution for given temperature profile using the VTPR water vapour absorption and atmospheric window channel radiances is proposed, so that the effect of the atmospheric attenuation by water vapour absorption is corrected without using conventional radiosonde observations.
The AMTEX '74 period was generally under could-free conditions, over the AMTEX area in the western Pacific. Two case studies for February 14 and 18,1974, indicate that the NOAA 2 VTPR data are useful not only for retrieving atmospheric temperature profiles, but also for detecting large-scale ocean currents in the western Pacific. The VTPR derived atmospheric moisture profiles and a simultaneously corrected sea surface temperature distribution are presented.
On the other hand, the AMTEX '75 period was mostly under cloudy conditions in the western Pacific. Regression coefficients determined using coincident radiosonde/VTPR clear radiance data for February 18,21 and 26,1975 are used to retrieve atmospheric temperature profiles. A February 26,1975, case study shows that the NOAA 4 VTPR. brightness temperature patterns constructed for all eight channels are closely related to simultaneously observed Very High Resolution Radiometer (VHRR) imageries. The VTPR derived atmospheric moisture profile and a simultaneously corrected sea surface temperature distribution over the AMTEX area are also presented.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7354K) -
関原 彊, 鈴木 弥幸, 村井 潔三1978 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 65-73
発行日: 1978/07/15
公開日: 2012/12/11
ジャーナル フリーAn analytical study was done on two cases, that is, on 15th and 22nd Feb., when a typical convective cloud cell structure appeared over the AMTEX area by cold air outbreaks from the continent. DMSP satellite pictures both visual and infrared and the AMTEX aerological data were mainly used for the analysis.
According to the result of analysis of the case on 15th Feb., there was a single mixing layer extending from the northwestern coastal region of the East China Sea to the southeast of the AMTEX area. The height and temperature of the mixing layer was, respectively,900 mb and 0°C at the northwestern region, reaching to 800 mb and 4°C around NAHA and then lowering again but further rising in temperature to the southeast. From the consideration of humidity distribution, the existence of clouds could be recognized at the upper part of the mixing layer. This could be interpreted as a continental cold air mass being warmed from the sea surface below and giving rise to a mixing layer which grew taller and taller until around NAHA, until it merged into the inversion layer directly connected with the polar front.
In the case of 22nd Fe b., a similar mixing layer to the case of 15 Feb. was observed in the southern part of the East China Sea including NAHA and the RYOFUMARU but another mixing layer, of a different kind, could be observed in the northern part including CHEJU ISLAND and KAGOSHIMA. This second one is taller and colder than the first, that is, with a height and temperature of 700 mb and 20°C respectively. This latter layer corresponded to the cloud region of open cell structure that was discussed by Agee. In this latter case, the air mass transformation was active and the mixing layer reached higher levels on 22nd than on 15th. The difference of the mixing layer thickness seems to be the cause of the appearance of closed and open cell type convective cloud. Following the Agee's discussion of this phenomenon on extensive statistics, our case of the AMTEX satellite pictures seems to have shown the convective cell developing from the less flat radar cell through the flat closed cell until to that of the more flat open cell.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2730K) -
三宅 泰雄, 杉村 行勇, 安島 忠秀1978 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 75-81
発行日: 1978/07/15
公開日: 2012/12/11
ジャーナル フリー太平洋全域にわたり採取した海水試料(各400-500l)中のトリウム同位体濃度と,230Th/232Thおよび228Th/232Th放射能比を測定した.トリウム同位体は,船上で共沈法などを用いて濃縮したのち,陸上の研究室に持ち帰り,陰イオン交換樹脂を用いて,他の元素から分離し,α-波高分析法によって分析した.トリウム(232Th)の平均含量については,太平洋外洋水で,0.9ngl-1がえられた.230Thおよび228Thの平均含量は,それぞれ2.1×10-2 Pgl-1と, 1.2agl-1であった.また,230Th/232Thおよび 228Th/232Th比は,それぞれ1.0-29, 0.4-128であることがわかった.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1400K) -
澤田 可洋1978 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 83-96
発行日: 1978/07/15
公開日: 2012/12/11
ジャーナル フリー雲仙岳では1792年以降噴火はないが,近年は有感を含む群発地震がひんぱんに発生している.雲仙岳測候所により観測された1924-1976年の有感地震回数,及び62A型直視式電磁地震計による1967-1976年の地震観測資料,さらにこれまでの調査・研究の結果も合わせて近年の雲仙岳の地震活動の特性を解析した.主な成果は次のとおりである
.(1)1968-1974年は,地震活動が極めて活発であり,かつ長期間継続したという点で特異な活動期である.
(2)正規確率紙による方法で,大よそ資料の正規分布適合度検定を行なった上でThompsonの方法により異常値を求めた.棄却限界の上限は,地震回数は525-550回/月,有感地震は75回/年が得られた.これらの値の単純平均で得られる地震回数が18-19回/日,有感地震回数が7-8回/月,0.2-0.3回/日という値は,最近における個々の群発地震活動の下限に近い値であり,活動期の選出や群発地震活動検出の上で目安となる.
(3)活動期の前後において,石本-飯田の係数mの値に大きな変動は認められない.
(4)雲仙岳付近の地震活動の主体は,P-S蒔間が0.6-2.0秒を有する地震であり,その殆んどは千々石湾周辺で発生する.(
5)1968-1974年の活動期では(4)の地震が極めて活発であった.なお,活動期に先立つ1967-1968年にP-S3秒以上の地震が増加したが,P-S2秒以内の地震の活発化に伴い,その発生頻度は低下した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2651K) -
吉田 明夫, 山川 宜男, 田辺 六一1978 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 97-102
発行日: 1978/07/15
公開日: 2012/12/11
ジャーナル フリーThough active faults of the NW-SE strike are readily recognized in the southern part of the Izu peninsula, there exist conjugate faults or fault-like structures in the NNE-SSW strike. The branch aftershock, activity of the earthquake off the Izu peninsula, which extended to the Amagi area in the NNE direction, is considered to be closely related to the above mentioned structures in this direction. These two conjugate fault systems can be considered to have been formed before the bending of the Izu peninsula to the west, and at present to be active as weak plane systems. Therefore the stress field released as earthquakes due to activation of these fault systems can not be considered to directly reflect the present stress field in the area concerned. This is the reason why there is a significant difference between the stress field deduced from focal mechanisms of earthquakes and one deduced from the crustal movement. The reason why faults of N-W direction are liable to be active in comparison to the other conjugate fault systems can be reasonably explained on the basis of the generalized Coulomb-Mohr fracture theory.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6108K) -
渡辺 明, 西山 勝暢1978 年 29 巻 2 号 p. 103-108
発行日: 1978/07/15
公開日: 2012/12/11
ジャーナル フリーEvery day at nine o'clock, the sea surface temperature is observed at the head of the breakwater of the Port of Ito by the Fisheries Experimental Station of Shizuoka Prefecture. Besides, the water temperature at and below the surface are recorded continuously at the Ito Marine Observation Tower, which was erected by the Meteorological Research Institute 400 m off the shore and 20 m under water. The former observation station is situated in the same environments are other coastal stations in general, but the latter station is located in more oceanic enviromental conditions. Accordingly, it is reasonable to suppose that the two stations respond to variations of sea conditions differently from each other. We attempted, therefore, a comparison of variations of sea surface temperature as between the two stations, and found that, though the temperature of the Tower frequently lags by one or two days behind that of the port station, there is a good correlation between them as far as we are dealing with variations of sea conditions whose time scale is longer than several days.
Furthermore, from the water t e mperature data of the Tower, it was found that the sea surface temperature which is obtained at nine or ten o'clock is nearly equal to the diurnal mean temperature of the same day, and besides, that a marked water temperature difference occurs between the sea surface and 2 m depth on account of difference in the factors generating the water temperature variation of the respective layer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1010K)
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