Firstly, the history of the vogue of 3-D picture display is shortly introduced, including the recent fashion of stereogram. Next, a few representative technologies for 3-D picture display are compared. Finally, the application areas of 3-D picture are estimated.

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More than 150 years has passed since stereoscopic display has invented. Nowadays, there are various kinds of stereoscopic goods, e.g. books of stereo photo, stereo jigsaw puzzles and posters. In this article, the principle of stereoscopic display and two mothod of viewing stereo pairs without a special aid (free viewing) are explained. Random-dot stereograms, autostereograms, and all sorts of stereoscopic display methods are introduced.

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In recent years, 3D movies using polarizing spectacles had been shown in valious exposition and they was popular. We pay now attention to 3D display in one of innovation for next generation. There is autostereoscopic 3D display by the lenticular plate method, and lenticular plate is using for simulation on 3D-TV and visual communication system and so on. Lenticular 3D goods has been masproduced on large scale by printing, but we reconsider now method using lenticular plate on this paper.

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Since Dennis Gabor had proposed holography technology for the use of improving the resolving power of the electron micropcopic images, several techniques of display hologram and some of their applications have been developed. These techniques include the reflection hologram, rainbow hologram, color hologram and holographic video imaging. In this paper, practial methods for fabricating these holograms are described.

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In many cases including Dr. W. F. Schreiber's writing, the Adobe Accurate Screens etc., designing to construct the rational tangent screens is performed in the image domain. This paper reports a newly developed construction method of digital screen sets. In the proposed method, the design of rational tangent screens having screen angles of ±15-degree and 45-degree is performed in the spatial frequency domain. At first, frequency components generated by superimposing the +15-degree halftone screen on the -15-degree halftone screen are investigated. Next, the most appropriate combination of ±15-degree screens and 45-degree screen are studied in the spatial frequency domain to determine conditions of moire-free and appearance of conventional rosette shapes. In the process of studies, the “rosette” in frequency domaine is defined and rosette shapes corresponding to various rational tangent values are depicted. A method named “Multi- unit Area Method” has been proposed in this report to convert the spatial frequency component array having rational tangent values to the halftone dot array in image domain. Examples of the method for ±15-degree and 45-degree halftone screen sets which have conditions to provide the conventional rosettes are described in Chapter 4. Because the minimum area of threshold matrix pattern to be stored (MTP) of realized halftone screen contains lots of unit areas, an automatic mapping method of MTP which is left for the next report has been developed for the application. A thermal printer image halftoned by using the Multi-unit Area Method is shown in Figure 9 on which the conventional rosette shapes may be observed clearly. In conclusion, this report provides a theoretical basis of the digital screening process.

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Techniques for painting-like image generation from photograph are proposed. Using gradient vectors from the value of the image, the position and the orientation of individual brush strokes can be controlled. By changing the chroma and the value of the color in the image and brush stroke types, Pointillist representation-like image and Impressionist representation-like image are created. Examples of painting-like images created by those methods are represented.

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This paper presents both analytical and experimental results for a new drop on demand inkjet system using electro-rheological fluid (ERF) as ink. Since the resistance to flow of the ERF increases extremely by applied electric fields, flow of the ERF ink is directly controlled by electric field. We already showed experimentally that a droplet generation control was achieved by applying an AC electric field to the ERF ink. In this study, the ink velocity at the nozzle is calculated by solving Newtonian equation consist of a viscous and an inertial term. We assume that pressure applied to the ink is dominated by the time transient of the sharing stress when the applied static electric field changes. In order to estimate the transient response of the ERF ink, an experimental apparatus for measuring was made. The time constants measured are in the range of 40 to 100 ms. Droplet volume is measured from a high speed motion picture, which is taken with the camera made in our laboratory. Calculated volumes agree fairly with the experimental results when the ink is ejected entirely and forms the droplet.

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Nowadays we can publish many documents easier and more speedy by the technical innovation with computers. Furthermore, these printing technology is applied for new electronic publishing as CD-ROM. However, it courses some new difficulties of interchanging document information - conventionally we have not felt any problems by paper or films. This paper introduces some standardizing activities for document information by ISO to prove these problems.

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