Requirements on TFT-LCDs have become severer, such as larger, brighter and higher resolution LCD, and lower power consumption, because the displays for notebook PCs and monitors in the multi-media age are required. The color-filter is a key component for making color images. Based on requirements for a TFT-LCD module, requirements on color filter are discussed.
The pigment dispersed photoresist (PDPR) is most widely used in the manufacture of color filter for TFT-LCD. The PDPR and its patterning processes are briefly reviewed from the material's point of view. The dispersion of a pigment into a polymer matrix, the function of binder, the troubles occured in the coating process and the newly developed black matrices are discussed.
Typical example of color filter fabrication processes using the method without previous patterning of the ITO layer have been presented in detail, and the characteristics of these processses been shown in brief. The process using the ED method may be noted not only as a low cost process but also as a powerful method for increasing the picture size of LCDs.
The electro-optical properties of Polymer Network Liquid Crystal Display (PN LCD), which is one of the most promising light scattering displays using nematic liquid crystals and polymers, is discussed. The recent noteworthy studies and materials on Polymer Dispersed Liquid crystal Displays and especially on Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystals are discribed.
The thin, highly light-shielding and less reflective black-matrix was developed by using the ultrafine scaly graphite dispersed in aqueous solution containing substantially no binder. The black-matrix patterns were photofabricated by so-called Lift-off process. Only 0.5μm thick graphite layer shows more than 3.0 optical density, which is sufficient to black-matrix of color filter for TFT-LCD. The optimum Lift-off condition is also discussed to obtain the well resolved black-matrix patterns.
When the liquid crystalline solution of Poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) (PBLG) was subjected to an AC field above a threshold voltage between two parallel plates coated by ITO film, we found that the electrooptical response of that abruptly ceased after a certain period of time. It was a cause that the quality of ITO film was degraded, e.g. the conductivity of ITO film reduced from the original value to the lower one. The ITO surfaces of plates used as electrodes under some different conditions were observed by AFM, SEM, SAM and the thickness was measured by the mechanical stylus. We are convinced that the degradation of ITO film is no more and no less than to be caused by grinding with PBLG molecules. The rate of decreasing the ITO film thickness depended on the voltage and the frequency of the external AC field and temperature.
Optical design of Diffuser Film for Edge Backlight-System was discussed. The diffuser films for a liquid crystal display unit were composed of PET base film coated with organic filers. It increase more brightness with Lens Film. In this paper, Optical design for the shape of the surface on the diffuser Films were discussed.