Journal of Printing Science and Technology
Online ISSN : 1882-4935
Print ISSN : 0914-3319
ISSN-L : 0914-3319
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Volume 49, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Special Review
  • Historical Trend of Graphic Arts from the Viewpoint of Technical Transition of Movable Type
    Yasusuke TAKAHASHI
    2012 Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages 076-080
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11413/nig.49.076
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This article discusses the historical and functional meanings of the technological transitions of character-composing for Chinese characters (katsuji), in terms of wooden movable types, lead movable types, phototype composing, and word processors. The word "katsuji" of Wan Zhen (1314) was used in conjunction with the word for metal movable type (1732) in the dictionary of the Chinese language edited by R. Morison (1822).This metal type composing was replaced with phototype composing, but phototype lost the movable function of type composing. This movable function was recovered by the word processor with Japanese "kana-kanji" conversion. Then, the DTP system replaced both metal type and phototype composing. The Wan Zhen-Gutenberg galaxy was completed with the introduction of digital word processors. Digital content made by the DTP system is utilized for many purposes: printed matter, digital books, magazines, and so forth. This situation shall probably continue into the future.
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  • The History of Japanese Paper Money
    Kiyoko MATSUMURA
    2012 Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages 081-085
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11413/nig.49.081
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Paper money was born as a substitute for metal money in distant commercial transactions. With its denominations eventually becoming fixed numbers, it developed into a currency used by a large number of unspecified people. As the circulation of paper money increased, counterfeiters began to try their hands at producing more. Anti-counterfeiting measures became an important factor in paper money production. Anti-counterfeiting technologies have been improved dramatically over the years: today, color- and pattern-shifting elements are used to make counterfeiting harder and counterfeited money easier to spot in a new technological environment.
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  • Historical Developments of Postage Stamps
    Yuriko DOI
    2012 Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages 086-090
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11413/nig.49.086
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The postage stamp is a kind of security, although it is small both in size and face value. It is made by elaborate printing technologies and technologies that ensure the homogeneity of production, leading it to be called a "paper jewel" or a "small work of art." Postage stamps are convenient to use, aesthetically appealing and homogeneously produced: they are built not only using printing technologies, which are worth describing as an "art" form, but also on the basic technologies for papermaking, gumming, and perforation. The requirements for postage stamp production have also been changing through history and with the changing needs of their users.
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  • Technological Advances of the Sheet-fed Offset Press and the History of Printing-plates and Proofing Systems
    Keiichi YUMIKI
    2012 Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages 091-100
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11413/nig.49.091
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In the 1970s, in order to create better quality printed matter by using of an offset printing machine, the chief printing engineer needed high skill and sufficient experience. As the various process of the sheet offset press were automated step by step, the time limitation the role played by the operator gained importance over that of the printing artist. The history of the offset press's automation, plate materials (conventional PS plate and CTP plate) that have been used, and proofs, are all explored in this paper.
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  • Photolithography as Supporting the High-growth Era in Japan
    Masahiko ARIHARA
    2012 Volume 49 Issue 2 Pages 101-113
    Published: 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: May 17, 2012
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11413/nig.49.101
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In Japan, electronics industries, such as semiconductors, are experiencing strong growth. The ultra-fine processing technology called photolithography has supported this growth. Photolithography has adopted the same concept used by the phototype process in the printing field. This photolithography makes each product of the shadow mask for color televisions and the color filter for liquid crystal displays. Both of these products should be understood in relation to the historical technological background that led to their commercial production. This paper describes technological advances in the sheet-fed offset press and the history of printing-plates and proofing systems.
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