"Setsuwa" and "Monogatari" have been developed, always having some con-nection with drawings. Actually, one category of "setsuwa" and "monogatari" is found in picture interpretation, that is to make an oral explanation on the literary or religious drawings. The typical picture interpretation is left to us in the written narrative form as "the picture interpretation text". "Setsuwa" and "monogatari" narratives were completed, especially in their descriptive parts, through these picture interpretations and were developed into new forms. To illustrate this aspect of the literature I took some examples from the medieval Jisha Sankei Mandara and Shotoku Taishi Biography.
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