This paper is aimed to examine how the tourism in volcanic accident areas is to be and what are the problems for bringing into existence the successful condition to the tourism with reference to the new community reconstruction plan and the response by the inhabitants to Mt. Usu volcanic eruption. At first, the successful conditions and the problems for achieving the new community-creative type tourism, secondly the characteristics in the tourism of Hokkaido and finally the new community-creative type reconstruction plan after the Mt. Usu volcanic eruption were examined for getting a solution for the subject described above. As the result, how the tourism in volcanic accident areas is to be was found in the application of alternative tourism under the idea of ecomuseum. From the demand side for the tourism in the twenty-one century, such significant experiences and exercises ①having a strong urge to visit for tourists, ②doing visit actually tourists themselves, and ③giving great impressions to tourists or exciting them are requested more heavily. From the supply side, they have to be sensible of their responsibility for the request. They, from both demand and supply side, will be satisfied in accomplishing their objects only in the behavior of Keeping substantiality, sustainability and solidarity with each other.

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It is said that we cannot obtain the good conclusions of economic analysis on tourist behavior because we cannot get the data appropriate to the positive analysis. We often hear the same as this on the other economic analysis. If we have some factor which causes it more difficult to obtain good conclusions on the economic analysis of tourism, we cannot yet have constructed micro-economic theory enough to give the theoretical meanings and explanations to tourist behavior. Therefore, the aim of this research is that we try to contribute to constructing the micro-foundation of economic analysis on tourist behavior, where the concept of Alonso’s bid price function takes the important role.

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[in Japanese]

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This paper answers a question, “What is the real meaning of kanko?” which originated and developed throughout the Japanese history and identifies the difference in meaning between kanko and tourism by looking at the Japanese culture and ethnical background. Overall, this paper shows how philosophical meaning of kanko fully covers the definition of welfare today and aims to develop KNKO WELFARE as a new research field with many opportunities to explore. This paper also explores the difference in meaning between kanko or Japanese style tourism and modern day “tourism” which originates in the western culture. Another intention of this paper is to point out primarily issues surrounded by kanko for handicapped and barrier-free from welfare point of view. In addition, “KANKO WELFARE”, a new research field.

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Recently, Green Tourism has been actively discussed and developed, as an overcoming resource in underdeveloped rural regions in Korea. Green Tourism is applied as a device for residents’ life environment. Despite its active development, we found problems in development of Green Tourism in rural Korea, which include the development by neglecting each farmhouse, destruction of landscaping caused by neglecting regional unity and tradition of facilities construction style, and the third is the lack of hospitality among local people due to pursuit of personal economic revenue, and the fourth is the limited green tourism market composed of SIT. Two case studies in this thesis are recognized as successful regions for green tourism. Through these case studies we pointed out important components for successful underdeveloped regions’ activities for Green Tourism.

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The Japanese Council for Academic Affairs in 1996 proposed, ”opportunity to communicate with people of various ages in a local community; and to have layers of experiences in real life, society in general, and nature is imperative to nurture ”Zest for living” of future generations”. The lack of communication among general populous in local communities, schools, and homes is apparent nowadays. In addition, Konrad Lorenz's ”Civilized Man's Eight Deadly Sins,” discusses diminishing sensitivity and creativity of human beings in civilized society. This diminishing sensitivity as well as creativity is especially true among children in the world where people less develop a sense of community: under such circumstances, the role and way of school education is in question. Concerning this problematic educational situation where children are limited to develop their sensitivities and creativity and lack in ”Zest for living”, the Japanese government implemented the ”Period for integrated study” educational program in 2002. The primary concern of this paper is to advocate the imperative role of ”sensitivity development education” which supports the ”Period for integrated study” policy. As The National Council on Education Reform discussed, developing inner sensitivity through varieties of exciting educational experience is difficult, therefore, identifying and appreciating the educational meaning of Kanko activities among children who are able to ”face the light” or to sense and appreciate the environment around them are important. In addition, this paper argues the importance of training inner sensitivity, which develops sustainable tourism, by developing travelers with true sensitivity to nature as well as environment, which supports future tourism culture.

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In taking account of growing concern about tourism activity in agricultural sector, this paper quantitatively examined the activity and behavior of the operators of mainly farmhouse accommodations and the characteristics of such accommodations in comparison with non-farmhouse accommodations around ski slopes in Hiroshima, Japan. Specifically, the author explored sustainability of accommodation houses, and conducted an estimation of the drawing power of accommodation houses, and, in addition, evaluated farm tourism activity in connection with profitability of on-farm activity as indicators of performance of the accommodation activity. The main findings were as follows. 1) The size of the ski facility was the strongest determinant of the drawing power and no economy of scale with regard to the accommodation activity was observed. 2) there was a positive correlation between accommodation activity and farming activity. This indicates that a multi-generation family composition for the continuation of accommodation houses and the level of farming activity can be effective criteria for determining possible target for support of rural tourism development. This positive correlation indicates that data linkage of own survey, such as questionnaires, and official data, such as agricultural census data, is necessary and effective for behavioral analyses on accommodation houses for which there are currently no official data are available.

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One of the issues we face in Japan is aging society. It is very pleasant that Japan has been aged society, however on the other hand, the finance condition was hard pressed by the increasing medical care fee of the aged people. How can the medical care fee be decreased? It is important that the aged people are very well for it. The more the aged people are well, the less the medical care fee may be. By the way, it has been found that the pleasure of many aged people is tourism. It is not only a desire of aged people, but also that of all generation. In order to increase the healthy aged people, it goes without saying that the aged people should not be in doors, but should be out of doors. So they must be prepared to come out easily for a tourism. Tourism itself will give them livability and health.

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[in Japanese]

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