This rsearch is concerned with cases of migration of fishermen in large-scale pair trawl fishery in the East China and Yellow Seas. It focuses on the migration and settlement of fishermen and discusses the succession of migration for livelihood.

  The discussion in this paper is centered on two issues: whether the migration of fishermen for livelihood takes place beyond generations and providing new data on migration from villages to cities among fishermen migrating forlivelihood.

  Part 2 gives an overview of pair trawl fishery in the East China and Yellow Seas and the ships and fishing methods involve before proceeding to identify distinguishing features in the livelihood and migration in the fishermenʼs native villages based on data on the composition of livelihoods in these villages and the number of migrant workers therefrom.

  Based on case studies on the reasons for fishermenʼs migration and the background to their process of settlement, Part 3 identifies the similarities and differences in the cases of fishermen migrating to the cities of Nagasaki and Fukuoka and confirms that migration is passed on from generation to generation.

  Part 4 focuses on a ship owner (fishery manager) and his relatives to understand the specific circumstances of extragenerational migration.

  Based on the above, two conclusions are drawn: First, migration for livelihood is passed on from generation to generation with various associated customs and the formation of different groups. Second, this study provides new information focusing on the migration of fishermen in large-scale fishery from villages to cities and their lifestyle.

  Furthermore, based on this study, it is suggested that the creation of a framework for monitoring migration and comparative studies using this framework are necessary.

  This mini special feature looks into how folklore studies describes the relationship between humans and animals. So far, folklore studies has mainly investigated this relationship from the viewpoint of how humans (the subject) raised, worked, and worshipped animals (the object). However, researchers find that the people they meet in their field work do not have a one-way relationship with animals. When humans interact with animals, they certainly react in some way. For example, follow timidly or behave intimidatingly. This mini special feature focuses on such interactive relationship between humans and animals.

  It consists of the following: Mitsuyama Chika gives an introduction to the mini special feature and cites two cases focusing on an interactive human-animal relationship. Kobayashi Chota uses his study of spider fights to show that the transformation of spider fights froma “game” to a “competition” has resulted in more detailed observation of spiders and deeper understanding of their ecology. Enoki Mika discusses in detail memorial services for dogs in the downstream area of Tone River in her attempt to depict the image of dogs in this region. She further notes the research trends in relevant academic fields, aiming at introducing a new point of view in research on humans and animals in folklore studies. Eguchi Maki reports on research trends in animal studies based on examples from her own studies and the classes she taught. On the other hand, Kondo Shiaki reports on multispecies ethnography. He argues for the need to pay attention to “science and technology” and presents his outlook for research on animals in folklore studies.