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Volume 78, Issue 2
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
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Seiji MIYAZAKI, Kiyohiro KAWAHARA, Makizo HIRATA, Yozo IIDA, Kiwamu OK ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 157-165
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty-nine Donryu rats were given N-butyl-N-nitrosourethan (BNUR) in drinking water at the concentration of 400ppm daily. Twenty-three rats which had survived over than 10 weeks were observed by esophagoscopy and esophagogram in every 4 weeks. The incidence of papillomas in the esophagus was 96% (22/23), and that of squamous cell carcinomas was 70% (16/23).
The cancerous lesions developed in most of the rats were detected multifocally in the esophagus, and the radiologic and endoscopic findings showed the multiple small elevated type.
The depth of invasion of those lesions was "m" or "sm". The radiologic and endoscopic findings of 5 rats having squamous cell carcinomas invading into the depth of "mp" or "a", resembled those of advanced esophageal carcinomas in man. We could observe papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in the endoscopic examination of the esophagus. Therefore, the endoscopic examination as well as the radiologic examination seems to be helpful for our sequential observations on development of esophageal carcinoma in rats.View full abstractDownload PDF (6177K) -
Tadashi SUGIYAMA, Toshikazu SEKIGUCHI, Toshio NISHIOKA, Takashi AKIYAM ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 166-176
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNocturnal continuous recordings of esophageal intraluminal pH and gastroesophageal pressure were obtained in ten recumbent healthy subjects. A manometric tube with seven recording lumens monitored swallowing action in pharynx, esophageal-body motor activity, lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and gastric pressure. An electrode 5 cm above LES recorded pH. All subjects showed the results as following: 1) Resting LES pressure (LESP) revealed wide variations in the course of time, which were closely related to the gastric phasic motor activity, that is, LESP increased gradually during interdigestive state, higher during phase II than phase I, then highest during phase III. 2) Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) occurred most frequently in the stage of low LESP, but a number of GER episodes also occurred even in the stage of high LESP. The majority of GER were suspected to occur only during the episodes of LES relaxation which were either spontaneous or associated with swallowing and esophageal-body movements. 3) Following GER, esophageal-body motor activity increased; especially primary peristalsis after GER was suspected to be the major type of esophageal contraction for the refluxed acid clearance.View full abstractDownload PDF (8141K) -
Futoshi IIDA1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 177-181
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs the author had previously reported, intestinal metaplasia can be divided into two groups by alcian blue-PAS staining: incomplete and complete types. The intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa adjacent to cancer tissue was analyzed of 34 stomachs resected for mucosal carcinoma.
In well differentiated carcinoma, small cancer, below 1.0 cm, frequently came into contact with incomplete type of metaplasia but in larger cancers, over 1.0 cm, this correlation was not clearly demonstrated. In poorly differentiated carcinoma, no correlation was revealed between size of cancer and intestinal metaplasia. On the other hand, it was demonstrated morphologically that arrangement of nuclei was more unstable in incomplete type of metaplasia than in complete type of metaplasia. These results suggest close relationship between incomplete metaplasia and development of well differentiated carcinoma.
Indirect dying method of gastric mucosa with methylen blue was carried out for 16 patients and revealed to be unable to easily distinguish incomplete type of metaplasia from complete type.View full abstractDownload PDF (3688K) -
Motohide TAKASHI, Hirotaka MUSHA, Seiji TSUCHIYA, Nobuaki GOTOH, Kenic ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 182-189
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAntipyrine torelance test was performed in 69 patients with various liver diseases and 11 as controls in order to measure liver cell function independently of hepatic blood flow. Antipyrine half life in blood (T1/2) was measured and was compared with various liver function tests and clinical signs. The T1/2 was significantly prolonged in patients with liver cirrhosis, and moderately prolonged in patients with chronic active hepatitis and with extrahepatic portal hypertension (Budd-Chiari syndrome, portal vein thrombosis). But it was not prolonged in patients with acute hepatitis, idiopathic portal hypertension, hepatic sarcoidosis, and constitutional hyperbilirubinemia. The T1/2 was markedly prolonged in patients with liver cirrhosis who had ascites or hypoalbuminemia. However, in patients with noncirrhotic portal hypertension it was not prolonged even though ascites was present. It was correlated with total bilirubin, serum albumin, and prothrombin time in patients with various liver diseases. There was no correlation between serum GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase level and T1/2. Plasma retention rate 15 minutes after injection of indocyanine green and intrahepatic shunt index which are thought to be an indicator of hepatic blood flow showed a good correlation with T1/2. These results suggest that although the antipyrine tolerance test is a unique test for the estimation of hepatocellular function without being affected by hepatic blood flow, hepatocellular function is largely affected by the degree of alteration in effective hepatic blood flow.View full abstractDownload PDF (1130K) -
Sumie FUJIWARA1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 190-199
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInstitute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical College Serum and plasma complement levels (CH50) and component levels (C3, C4) were studied in patients with chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with normal subjects. Plasma CH50 levels tended to be higher than serum CH50 levels.
A phenomenon of dissociation of complement levels between serum and plasma was observed in 11.7% of various liver diseases.
In patients with CH and LC, correlation was observed between liver function and CH50 levels. Particularly, patients with LC showed the lowest CH50 levels and correlation between serum albumin levels and CH50 levels. A similar tendency was observed at component levels in patients with CH and LC.
There was a significant correlation between CH50 levels and C3 levels in patients with various liver diseases.
In patients with HCC, CH50 levels showed a wide distribution, depending on the state of non-cancerous portions and the expanse of the tumor. But CH50 levels in patients with HCC tended to be higher than those in patients with CH and LC.
It was suggested in one case that the measurement of CH50 levels, for a long period of time, is helpful in the prediction of HCC development.View full abstractDownload PDF (7294K) -
Kohdoh ISHII, Hisao SHIBATA, Haruya OKABE, Hiroshi NAGATA, Masaharu TS ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 200-204
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma levels of norepinephrine (NE), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), together with the response of immunoreactive insulin (IRI), were studied in 26 patients with liver cirrhosis. In assessing the plasma NE, 9 patients had normal levels (Group I), and 17 (65.4%) were to be elevated, in which 5 cases progressed into liver cell carcinoma (Group II), 8 died of hepatic failure (Group III), and 4 remained unchanged (Group IV) of 21 months' their clinical course. OGTT disclosed typical diabetic pattern in all patients found to have high levels contrast with the "borderline" pattern in Group I. This represents that plasma concentrations of NE play a large role on the deranged carbohydrate metabolism in liver cirrhosis.
On the other hand, the mode of response of IRI were divided into 3 patterns: normal responded type was seen in Group I, poorly responded was shown in Group II and in some patients of Group III, whereas hyperreactive type was seen in Group IV and in some cases of Group III.
In view of these studies it seems reasonable to consider that elevated values of plasma NE in liver cirrhosis may be indicating as an exaggerated autonomic nervous system, which in turn produces vasoconstriction with concomitant circulatory disorders of splanchnic vessels.View full abstractDownload PDF (4387K) -
Part I. Plasma Amino Acids in Patients with Acute and Chronic Hepatic FailureHiroko MURAKAMI1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 205-213
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo elucidate the relationship between plasma amino acid and hepatic encephalopathy (HE), the plasma concentrations of the amino acids were determined in 35 patients: 3 with fulminant hepatitis, 3 with subacute hepatitis and 29 with liver cirrhosis. The total concentrations of plasma amino acids increased in all the groups of the diseases. In the cases with HE, the concentrations of methionine and the aromatics (AAA, tyrosine + phenylalanine) were markedly elevated, and those of the branched chain amino acids (BCAA, valine+ leucine+isoleucine) were decreased except in the cases with fulminant hepatitis. Therefore, the ratio of BCAA/AAA markedly lowered to below 1.0 in the cases with HE.
In 22 patients with liver cirrhosis, the plasma concentration of the BCAA was lowered in proportional to impaired liver functions. The concentration of BCAA was not related to plasma insulin (IRI) level, and an inverse correlation was observed between IRI level and the AAA. Likewise, a close correlation was observed between the increase of plasma glucagon (IRG) level and parenchyma) liver dysfunction, therefore it was likely that the elevation of IRG level was due to the decrease of the degradation of glucagon.View full abstractDownload PDF (7369K) -
Assessment in Blood ChemistryRyusaku YAMADA, Haruki NAKATSUKA, Kenji NAKAMURA, Mono SATO, Michinao ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 214-221
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTranscatheter arterial embolization therapy was performed in 32 patients with hepatoma, of whom serum enzyme activities were evaluated before and after the procedure.
1) Seventeen patients of them are still alive until now and the longest survival is 27 months.
2) Except for those patients who received the therapy within last one year, 8 out of 14 cases survived for more than one year, likewise 12 out of 19 patients survived for more than 6 months.
3) The level of α-fetoprotein was markedly lowered immediately after the procedure in 15 out of 17 patients, who had had its high level before the therapy.
4) A rise in the level of serum GOT, GPT, LDH and bilirubin were observed immediately after the procedure and return to the former state within 10 days.
5) Serum cholinesterase and albumin level decreased after the procedure and recovered within 40 post-operative days.
6) From the above mentioned results, we sish to stress that the transcatheter arterial embolization is an excellent palliative therapy for hepatoma and not so harmful that the liver function is only temporary disturbed.View full abstractDownload PDF (6878K) -
Akira SUZUKI, Toshio TAKAHASHI1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 222-227
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCarcinomas of the gall bladder were induced by insertion of Methylcholanthrene Beeswax pellets in hamsters. Fifty female hamsters weighing about 90 gm were divided into following four groups according to treatmeri; untreated control (group I), sham operation (group II), insertion of Beeswax pellet in the gall bladder (group III) and insertion of Methylcholanthrene Beeswax pellet in the gall bladder (group IV). All animals were sacrificed 5 months after treatmen . Ten or 55 per cent of 18 hamsters in group IV had carcinoma of the gall bladder and one carcinoma developed in group III. Carcinomas were diagnosed histologically as well differentiated adenocarcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (1971K) -
Evaluation on Post-mortem PancreasJuntaro TANAKA, Makoto SIGETOSHI, Fumiko KOCHI, Keizo KUNICHIKA, Hidey ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 228-237
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn an attempt to evaluate histological findings behind pancreatogrphic abnormalities, thirteen postmortem pancreas with cancer were subjected to retrograde pancreatography and histological examination. The materials consist of ten cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and three cases of metastatic carcinoma. The results obtained are as follows.
1) According to the changes of main pancreatic duc (MPD), pancreatographic findings were classified into four categories: stenosing; obstructing; wide-spread irregular stenosing metastatic carcimoma.
2) In the areas where abnormal pancreatographic changes were demonstrated, periductal infiltration of tumor cells was discovered: localized stenosis was caused by compression from either tumor mass or marked fibrosis with scattered tumor cells in it; obstruction was caused by compression from tumor mass; widespread irregular stenosis with tapering was caused by wide-spread conspicuous fibrosis with scattered tumor cells in it. It was difficult to predict the presence or absence of intraductal tumor cell infiltration from the radiographic findings.
3) No radiographic changes of MPD were specific for cancer. Abnormal findings of branches such as absence, irregular distribution, displacement and/or shifting, combined with MPD findings, were helpful for the diagnosis of cancer and often for delineating the extension of cancer infiltration. Multiple combinations of these abnormal findings were especially important.
However, when the radiographic findings were wide-spread, it was difficult to differentiate pancreatic carcinoma from chronic pancreatitis.
4) Pancreatic duct proximal to stenosis was diffusely dilated, and it was impossible to predict the presence of cancer cell infiltration in the area from the pancreatograms.View full abstractDownload PDF (7284K) -
Koichiro IMAMURA, Toshinari KIMURA, Masahiro MATSUMOTO, Hideyuki WAKAS ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 238-245
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerum trypin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay, using a commercial kit (Trypsin Radioimmunoassay Kit, CIS., Midorijugi). This kit-assay proved sensitive (minimum detectable concentration: 4.0 ng/ml), specific and highly reproducible.
Serum trypsin values measured by this assay, significantly correlated with values assayed by another commercial kit (RIA-gnost Trypsin, Hoechst Japan), but the latter showed high values than the former (regression line: y=3.69x+42.4). And a distinct correlation between serum trypsin and elastase 1 (by RIA) values was also observed.
In 28 normal subjects, mean serum trypsin value was 29.6±16.6 ng/ml (M±2SD), and increased serum trypsin concentrations were proved in all of 5 patients with acute pancreatitis. In 20 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 11 (55%) had concentrations above the normal range, and 7 (35%) had concentrations below the range. In pancreatic carcinoma. each 4 of 11 patients revealed a significant increase or decrease, respectively. In 14 patients with primary diabetes mellitus, only one patient showed a low concentration.
In 26 patients with panccreatic diseases, 22 (84.6%) had abnormal levels of serum trypsin, whereas abnormal serum amylase concentrations were found in only 9 patients (34.6%).
From these studies, the measurement of serum trypsin appears useful as a screening test for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (6431K) -
The Diagnostic Value of Estmating Pancreatic Enzymes in Addition to AmylaseKatsuhiko KINUGASA, Kei KASHIMA, Yasuaki INADA, Yuji HORII, Osamu MORI ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 246-253
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe interrelationships of pancreatic enzymes were studied by means of estimating the amylase output, the lipase output, the trypsin output and the chymotrypsin output in PStest. Pancreozymin preferentially increased the output of trypsin, however, there was no significant dissociation among these four pancreatic enzymes in the total output of PS-test (during 80 min. after injection of pancreozymin). Any specific non- parallel secretion was not observed in pancreatic diseases. The amylase output appeared to be most sensitive in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and the amylase activity was more stable than the other three enzyme activities in duodenal aspirates.
We conclude that it may be considerate that pancreatic enzymes are secreted in parallel at least in PS- test, and that there is no need for assay of pancreatic enzymes besides amylase in routine test of exocrine pancreatic function such as PS-test.View full abstractDownload PDF (6037K) -
Toshiaki KAMIYA, Hitoshi ASAKURA, Tetsuo MORISHITA, Yoshio MUNAKATA, S ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 254-259
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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report of a case and our experienceIsao TAKEDA, Satoshi NAKANO, Kimio KITAMURA, Hajime WATAHIKI, Hiroshi ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 260-264
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Tadashi TERADA, Yasuni NAKANUMA, Shouyuen LIN, GOROKU OHTA, Masanobu K ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 265-270
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Susumu IMOTO, Hidetoshi MATSUMOTO, Sadamu HIRAIDE, Yoshihiro FUKUDA, M ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 271-274
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Shinichi OTA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 275
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Shinichiro YAMAMOTO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 276
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Toru KASHIWAGI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 277
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Makoto YOSHIBA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...1981 Volume 78 Issue 2 Pages 278
Published: February 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (887K)
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