Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi
Online ISSN : 1349-7693
Print ISSN : 0446-6586
Volume 78, Issue 5
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
  • Especially Differentiation of Pseudopyloric Gland
    Hiroshi SUTO, Iwao ICHINOSE, Toshio NISHIOKA, Minoru ISHIDA, Shori KUN ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 991-999
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have previously reported that foveolar epithelium and pseudopyloric gland regenerated from the bases of gastric glands, when the defected area was composed by stripping the upper side of gastric mucosa.
    The present study attempted to investigate the further differentiation of those regenerated foveolar epithelium and pseudopyloric gland in rats.
    "Erosive areas" which consisted of the bases of glands were made by stripping the 2/3 zone of upper side of gastric mucosa at the anterior wall of fundic area, near antral stomach. Surrounding mucosa of the erosive area was completely removed, thus annular ulcer of Ul-II stage was made close to antral stomach. Then the erosive area was surrounded with squamous epithelium spreading from antral stomach and showed the appearance like an "island". The "island" which consisted of the bases of fundic glands was observed for a long period.
    Foveolar epithelium and pseudopyloric gland regenerated from differentiated cells in the bases of glands 3 weeks after and this pseudopyloric gland increased gradually 5 weeks after. Then pseudopyloric gland transformed into parietal cells and unmatured chief cells and decreased in number 6 to 8 weeks after. Chief cells and parietal cells increased gradually and well differentiated fundic glands regenerated 10 to 15 weeks after. Besides, chief cells and parietal cells were derived from the proliferative cells in the deep part of foveolar epithelium during the period. However, pseudopyloric gland spreading under the squamous epithelium did not differentiate and remained unchanged throughout the period.
    As a conclusion, pseudopyloric gland which appeared in the injured mucosa of fundic area had the capacity to differentiate into chief cells and parietal cells and to regenerate gastric fundic gland. The role of pseudopyloric gland was considered to differentiate into chief cells and parietal cells, appearing in the injured region promptly.
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  • With Special Reference to the Pathogenesis of the Experimental Restraint-induced Gastric Ulcer
    Masaharu TSUCHIYA, Masaya ODA, Masahiko NAKAMURA, Norihito WATANABE, H ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1000-1014
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Histochemical, transmission and scanning electron microscopic observations of the glandular stomach of the rat revealed that the unmyelinated nerve endings were closely associated with the true capillaries in the gastric mucosal layer. In the nerve endings, the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nerve axons were found to coexist in a Schwann cell, according to the ultrastructural localization of the acetylcholinesterase (ACh-E) and of the synaptic vesicles containing the 5-hydroxy dopamine (5-OHDA)-reactive, osmiophilic substance. Moreover, by the electron microscopic cytochemical procedure, the ACh-E reaction products were localized on the axonal membranes of the unmyelinated nerve endings as well as on the plasma membrane of the capillary endothelium and of the pericyte, implying that the autonomic nerves may directly regulate the capillary blood flow in the gastric mucosa.
    By in vivo microscopic observation of the gastric mucosal surface, the rapid blood stream was seen running uniformly in the anastomosing capillary network surrounding the gastric pits, and converging into the collecting venules in the control rat. In 24 hour restraint rats, the capillary blood flow was not uniform, accompanying the various vasomotor disturbances. No capillary blood supply was noted in the ischemic zone adjacent to the hemorrhagic erosion. The ischemic, the congestive and the hemorrhagic changes were intermingled in the mucosal area surrounding the erosive lesion. The permeability of the venular and the capillary vessel wall was progressively increased in accordance with nearing the erosion.
    The ACh-E activities, demonstrated by the method of Karnovsky & Roots, were significantly increased in the gastric mucosa of restraint rats, especially near the hemorrhagis erosion, while the noradrenaline fluorescence, demostrated by the aluminium-catalysed formaldehyde perfusion method, was decreased in the same area. These findings indicate that the parasympathetic nerves are excessively stimulated in the gastric mucosa in the process of restraint-induced ulcerogenesis, concomitant with the sympathetic hypofunction, causing the disturbances of the gastric mucosal microcirculation, which are considered to be important in the pathogenesis of the stress-induced gastric ulcer.
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  • Shintaro ARIMA, Michio MIYATA, Yuichi MATSUZAWA, Yasuhiko MORIOKA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1015-1020
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Synthetic human gastrin (SHG) was infused at a constant rate for 90min. in 5 dogs. Blood samples from abdominal aorta and renal vein were obtained before, during and after infusion at frequent intervals. The concentration of plasma gastrin levels was determined by radioimmunoassay. During infusion the gastrin concentration reached a plateau level. After stopping the infusion, a rapid decline in concentration of gastrin was observed.
    The disappearance half time of SHG in dogs was 2.6min. The volume of distribution was 23.4% and the metabolic clearance rate was 24.7ml/kg/min. Degradation rate of SHG by the kidney was about 30%.
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  • Haruhide SHINZAWA, Takeshi KASAJIMA, Hideki SAITO, Kiyoo SUZUKI, Fumin ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1021-1028
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Pathological and immunohistological study on the 21 cases of non-Hodgkin malignant lymphomas of gastro-intestinal tract were carried out. PAP method using formalin fixed paraffin sections was employed for detection of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulins, lysozyme, CEA and albumin. According to the Rappaport's classification, histologically 8 cases showed nodular type, and 13 cases showed diffuse type. Concerning to the cellular characters, the cases of poorly differentiated lymphocytic type were more numbered than those of large lymphoid type. Monoclonal inttracytoplasmic immunoglobulins were revealed in the tumor cells of 11 cases by PAP method. On the other hand lysozyme was never seen in the tumor cells of the presented cases. Most of the cases which were positive for intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin showed diffuse type. From these results, it was supposed that most of the malignant lymphomas of presented cases were originated from lymphocytes, especially B-lymphocytes.
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  • [2] Ultrastructural Observation on the Small Intestinal Ulcer induced by Indomethacin
    Junji YAMADA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1029-1039
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Scanning electron microscopic studies were carried out to clarify the ultrastructural change of indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300g were used for the studies. Indomethacin of 20mg/kg was administered to rats by subcutaneous injection. Various stages of the indomethacin-induced lesions were investigated and following results were obtained. (1) After 1hr of indomethacin administration, initial lesions could be detected as small reddish spots by a dissecting microscope. Red blood cells remained in the capillary vessels of villi after irrigation with the Ringer solution. Irregularly distorted villi and desquamation of epithelial cells were observed by SEM. These findings were suggested that the microcirculation of villi was disturved. (2) After 2-3hrs, intestinal lesions could be clearly detected macroscopically as reddish milliary-sized spots. In the reddish spots, exposed villous cores and rounded epithelial cells between villous cores were observed. (3) After 24hrs, multiple shallow ulcers were formed at the distal ileum. Exposed villous cores and distorted villi which were similar to the initial lesions of the intestine were observed in the marginal zone of ulcers. The ulcer reached the maximum size on the third day of experiment. (4) After 10 days, regenerated villi were arranged radially to the ulcer margin, and a sheet of regenerated cell layer extended over the ulcer base. Irregularly rounded or extended cells with sparse microvilli were observed along the growing epithelial edge. (5) The goblet cells secreting a small amount of mucus were seen on the third day and on that day the mucosa was maximally damaged. However, frequently a plenty amount of mucus was seen to be released from goblet cells in the early stage of damage or healing stage.
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  • Atsuo KITANO, Kenzo KOBAYASHI, Kiyotaka OKAWA, Shiro OKA, Masami MURAI ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1040-1046
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Ulcerative colitis has been recognized since at least 1859, but is of unknown etiology, its course is uncertain and predictable, and its responses to medical and surgical treatment are variable.
    Recently, the possible role of immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease has recieved interesting attention.
    Ulcerative colitis in women is predominantly seen in the child-bearing period, and its association with pregnancy and delivery is an important matters.
    Clinical studies of pregnant patients with ulcerative colitis were performed in three cases (5 delivery cases).
    Three patients in whom the onset of ulcerative colitis occured during pregnancy, and aggravated.
    Two patients in whom the onset of ulcerative colitis occured in the postpartum period.
    Salicylazosulphapyridine (SASP) was used for all cases.
    From our clinical results, we persuade the patient with ulcerative colitis to be formidable the risk of aggravating her colitis and the pregnancy should not be undertaken unless the disease has remitted for at least one year. And the events of previous pregnancies are not a reliable guide in future.
    The medical drugs should make an effort to avoid or to minimized during pregnancy.
    SASP is well tolerated in majority of patient, and we consider it preferable to corticoid in the medical management of the pregnant mother whose colitis is active or occured at the same time of pregnanty.
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  • Masahiro TADA, Shinji NISHIMURA, Shoken TOMITA, Keiichi KAWAI
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1047-1052
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    During the last five years, 42 cases of drug-induced colitis were examined endoscopically in our clinic. They were classified into two groups according to the endoscopic findings; pseudomembranous type (13 cases) and erosion type (29 cases). The pseudomembranous type was more frequently seen in the elder age, while the erosion type had frequent occurrence in the female. The pseudomembranous type was induced especially following lincomycin therapy and the erosion type, following penicillin therapy. Clinical symptoms of the former were mild abdominal pain, loose bowels, lower abdominal fullness and so on, but those of the latter were sudden onset of severe anal bleeding with tenesmus and colic abdominal pain. In the pseudomembranous type, slightly raised yellow-white patches of various sizes, pseudomembranes, were inspected endoscopically in the almost all parts of the colon mucosa in 9 cases (69%) and partially in 4 cases (31%). Acute hemorrhagic erosion was observed in the transverse colon in 25 cases (87%) of the erosion type.
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  • Takasu MATSUI, Yuuichi KOBAYASHI, Yasuhiro MIZOGUCHI, Takeyuki MONNA, ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1053-1058
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To study the inhibitory effects of cepharanthine, a kind of alkaloid prepared from Stephania cepharantha, on the liver injuries induced by CCl4 poisoning, the release of transaminase (GOT or GPT) activity from liver cells and the formation of lipid peroxide in liver cells were estimated after injection of CCl4 into the rat peritoneal cavity. Although both transaminase release and lipid peroxide formation were markedly increased by CCl4 administiation in a dose-and time-dependent manner, these were significantly inhibited by cepharanthine. These were confirmed using the in vitro experiments in which the primary culture of isolated liver cells was incubated with CCl4.
    The release of GOT activity from liver cells and the formation of lipid peroxide in liver cells were both remarkably increased by CCl4 administration to the cell culture. Cepharanthine was shown to exert its inhibitory effect on the liver injuries induced in vitro by CCl4 poisoning.
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  • Yoshitane KOSAKA, Yukihiko TAMEDA, Mikio KUNIYOSHI, Shinsei TAGAWA, Sh ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1059-1067
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Serum lipids, lipoprotein, plasma LCAT (lecithincholesterol acyltransferase) activity and liver function tests have been investigated in 171 out-patients with mild degree of various chronic liver diseases. Lipoprotein was measured by agarose-gel electrophoresis.
    Alpha-lipoprotein was increased in most of patients, while beta-lipoprotein was decreased. Pre-beta-lipoprotein was markedly decreased in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Preheta-lipoprotein was correlated positively to choline esterase, albumin and A/G ratio, and inversely to γ-globulin and ZTT. Decreased levels of pre-beta-lipoprotein was inversely correlated to plasma LCAT activity.
    These results lead us to suggest that the electrophoretic patterns of lipoproteins may reflect the severity of chronic liver diseases.
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  • Akitaka NONOMURA, Mikio TANINO, Hiroshi KURUMAYA, Koji OOMORI, Joji HA ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1068-1078
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The spontaneous suppressor or helper T cell activity present in the peripheral blood was evaluated by measurring the capacity of T cells to help differentiation of B cells into plasma cells in response to pokeweed mitogen with increasing ratio of T: B in vitro culture. Peripheral T cells from patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) showed a significantly decreased suppressor effect (or increased helper effect) on allogeneic B cell differentiation into Ig-producing cells, when compared to healthy sugjects (p<0.01). After irradiation of T cells to eliminate suppressor cell influences and to evaluate genuine helper activity, helper activity of CAH was not different from that of healthy subjects, suggesting that spontaneous suppressor cell activity was significantly decreased in CAH.
    Con A-induced suppressor cell activity both on allogeneic B cell differentiation into Igproducing cells in presence of PWM and on allogeneic lymphocyte blast transformation responses to Con A was also significantly decreased in patients with CAH, when compared to healthy subjects (p<0.001). Similar Con A-induced suppressor cell defect was also observed in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, but to lesser degree (p<0.05). There was no clear-cut difference in suppressor cell activity between patients with and without HBs antigen in the sera.
    Preincubation of lymphocytes from healthy persons with some CAH sera significantly decreased the Con A-induced suppressor T cell activity on lymphocyte blast transformation responses, suggesting that the factor (s) that modulate suppressor T cell activities was present in CAH sera.
    Autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) was significantly decreased in CAH patiens (p<0.005), when compared to healthy subjects. Reactivity of AMLR and Con-A induced suppressor activity when tested in the same patients, were correlated well (p=0.824, p<0.001, n=12). These results suggest that abnormal immunoregulatory functions may reflect more or less disease activity of chronic hepatitis and altered immune responses of CAH regardless of the presense of serum HBs antigen.
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  • Harushige KIMURA, Wataru TAKAHASHI, Noriyoshi SUZUKI, Junichi GOTO, To ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1079-1087
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A simple, precise and sensitive method for separation and determination of free and conjugated bile acids in human serum without prior hydrolysis is described. The free, glycine-and taurine-conjugated bile acids were separated into groups by ion-exchange chromato graphy on a newly developed lipophilic gel, piperidinohydroxypropyl Sephadex LH-20. Bile acids in each group were determined by the enzymatic method using 3 a-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase. The proposed assay system proved to be applicable to simultaneous quantitation of free and conjugated bile acids in serum with satisfactory precision. The serum bile acid levels were then measured in patients with hepatobiliary diseases by this method. In normal subjects serum bile acid levels were found in the following ranges: free 1.7±1.1, glycine-conjugated 2.1±0.7, taurine-conjugated 0.9±0.4, and total bile acids 4.7±1.9nmol/ml. The ratios of glycine-conjugated to taurine-conjugated bile acids (G/T ratio) and of free to total bile acids (F%) were 2.7±0.7 and 34.5±8.8% respectively. In patients with liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice, the level of total bile acids increased mainly due to a marked increase in conjugated bile acids. The level of free bile acids increased to a small extent only in the case of liver cirrhosis. The G/T ratio in obstructive jaundice was significantly lower than that in normal subjects, whereas the value in liver cirrhosis was similar to that in the normal. After PTC-drainage in obstructive jaundice the serum level of total bile acids decreased rapidly to 20nmol/ml in 48-72 hours and the GET ratio increased gradually.
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  • Kunio TAKEGOSHI, Toshio FUKAZAWA, Hiroyuki SHIMADA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1088-1096
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Clinicopathological characteristics of liver cirrhosis in the aged were analyzed on 54 autopsy cases over 60 years old. Results were as follows:
    1) The incidence of liver cirrhosis in the aged was 3.1% (54 cases out of 1732 autopsies), and it decreased with age. The male to female ratio was 1.1:1.
    2) Clinically the incidence of decompensated cirrhosis was 74%, and that of latent cirrhosis defined by Ludwig was 11%.
    3) The causes of death were similar to those seen before the era of high protein diet and diuretics for the treatment of liver cirrhosis. That is, the incidence of hepatic failure was as high as 35%, and that of gastrointestinal bleeding was as low as 11%.
    4) Morphological examination revealed 54% of the cases as B type and 6% of them as A type.
    5) 19 cases out of 54 liver cirrhosis (35%) were complicated with hepatocellular carcinomas and the incidence decreased with age.
    6) HBs antigenemia was found in 6 cases out of 45 liver cirrhosis examined (13%) and the incidence of HBs antigenemia decreased with age.
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  • Shinichi OKAMURA, Hitoshi FUKUDA, Hiroshi SHIMOJO, Hirofumi ISHIHARA, ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1097-1101
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Jiro KUSAMA, Futoshi IIDA, Yoshio MIYASHITA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1102-1106
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Hiroyoshi MORITA, Takao MATSUMINE, Misako MURATA, Yatsuka IMAGAWA, Mak ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1107-1112
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kimitomo MORISE, Nobuyuki HAYASHI, Shunji ODATE, Hisakazu NISHIKAWA, Y ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1113-1116
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yoko NISHIZUKA, Shigeo SUZUKI, Masato TANAKA, Masafumi ICHIKAWA, Sabur ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1117-1120
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Tetsuo ARAKAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1121
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • K. HIRAMATSU, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1122
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • K. SAKURAI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1123
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Takeo Yamanaka, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1124
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Susumu IMOTO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1125
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Shingi SAITO, [in Japanese]
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 5 Pages 1126
    Published: May 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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