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Toshiyuki MATSUI, Mitsuo IIDA, Yoshiki EGASHIRA, Tadayoshi FUCHIGAMI, ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1707-1712
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin and antral mucosal gastrin concentration of endoscopically biopsied specimens were measured in 7 patients with inflammatory bowel disease before total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and after averaging 29.4 days on TPN.
Basal acid output increased significantly (p〈0.05). Maximal acid output and mucosal gastrin concentration were similar before and during TPN. Integrated gastrin response to test meal tended to decrease (p〈0.1). Therefore it was suggested that fundic atrophy did not occur during TPN performed for as long as long as one month.
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I: Basic studies on UDP-galactosyl transferase in human gastric mucosa
Shin OKAMOTO
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1713-1719
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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For porpuse of studying the biosynthesis of gastric mucosal glycoprotein, which has a role as gastric mucosal defensive factor, the assay method for UDP-galactosyl transferase was studied, and some characteristics of UDP-galactosyl transferase were studied. The assay required Mn
++, Triton X-100, and asialo-agalacto-fetuin at condition pH 7.5. When endogenous acceptor was used, only 3.2% of [
3H] galactose were incorporated comparing to the standard assay. The gastric mucosa could be stored at -15°C, for 8 weeks without loss of UDP-galactosyl transferase activity. This enzyme localyzed in microsomal fraction of gastric mucosa. When the reaction product was applied to a column of Sephadex G-100, [
3H] galactose was eluted in the fraction of acceptor protein and 81% of [
3H] galactose were liberated with β-galactosidase.
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Koji TAKASAKI
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1720-1730
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Blood glucose, insulin (IRI), connecting peptide (CPR) and glucagon (IRG) levels in the portal blood were compared with those of systemic blood, after intravenous glucose administration in patients with and without liver cirrhosis.
Cirrhotic patients have glucose intolerance because of relative hyposecretion of endogeneous insulin and hypersecretion of glucagon. Transportal insulin supplementation (TPI treatment) was performed postoperatively in patients with chronic liver diseases to avoid postoperative liver failure and effects of the treatment were studied by various methods.
According to the above study, it was postulated that TPI treatment was beneficial for cirrhotic patients on glucose tolerance, GOT & GPT levels, ICG Rmax, NHs tolerance, Fischer values and liver regeneration.
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Ryoichi ITO
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1731-1738
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Centrolobular pericellular fibrosis of the liver was studied histochemically and ultrastructurally in 30 patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease.
The main components occupying the Disse space were identified as collagen fibers, basement membranes and Ito cells. As the fibrosis progressed, the Ito cells changed their morphology; in the cases with a mild fibrosis, Ito cells looked normal both in shape and number, whereas in advanced cases, Ito cells lost the lipid droplets from their cytoplasm and resembled fibroblasts. Basement membrane at the Disse space was observed in 16 of 17 cases and constituted one of the non-cellular components of the fibrosis. Development of the basement membrane correlated with the severity of hepatocellular injury, suggesting a reversible feature in response to withdrawal of alcohol.
These data indicate that fat-storing Ito cells are involved in the fibrogenesis of human alcoholic liver disease and basement membrane is a reversible component of the pericellular fibrosis.
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Kimiharu ETO, Tomio SUDA, Hideki YABE, Haruki SATO, Haruo NISHINO, Tad ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1739-1746
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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We paid our attention to blood-glucose changes (ΔGlucose) in 40 g oral galactose tolerance test (GaTT). When insulin secretory ability of a subject was not impaired, ΔGlucose curve in GaTT was flat regardless of galactose metabolic function. If insulin secretory ability of a subject was impaired, Δ Glucose curve in GaTT was variable dependent on liver function shown by galactose metabolic function and ΔGlucose values at 30 minutes in GaTT were correlated to liver function shown by galactose values at 120 minutes in GaTT. Most of patients of chronic liver diseases impaired secretory abilities of insulin were found to be chronic alcoholics. Therefore, ΔGlucose curve in GaTT was dependent on insulin secretory abilitiey and liver function. We suggested a convenient and useful method by ΔGlucose at 30 minutes and ΔGlucose curve in GaTT for the differential diagnosis of chronic liver diseases with impaired glucose tolerance from diabetes and from their complication.
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Hiroshi TAKEMOTO, Hiromu KAJI, Yoshio YAMAOKA, Noritoshi IWASAKI, Yosh ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1747-1752
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Fourteen liver specimens and 940 consecutive CT scans of the liver were studied to analyze the basic anatomical structures which constitute the CT image of the porta hepatis. Each unfixed liver was set in its original shape as it had been in the abdominal cavity, and then was sliced at 10mm intervals through the body's transverse section, and thus CT-macroscopic comparison became possible. Inspection of the cut surface revealed that the porta hepatis was an area of adipose tissue with four recesses radiating into the surrounding liver parenchyma, and this contour had a good correspondence to that of the low density area of the porta hepatis with four fissures around it on CT scans. Three of the four fissures were due to the sulci for lig, falciform, lig. venosum and liver bed on the visceral surface of the liver. The remaining one was due to a cone-shaped adipose tissue entering into the liver parenchyma as a cuff of the right lobar branches of portal vein, hepatic artery and bile duct. On CT scans, pars transversus and pars umbilicus of the left lobar branch of the portal vein appear in the low density area of the porta hepatis just one slice cephalad to that in which the right lobar branch appears.
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Naoyuki MATSUMURA, Hiroki TAGAMI, Tadahiro HOTTA, Shuhei TAKEMURA, Tos ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1753-1759
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Twenty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and twenty-two with liver cirrhosis (LC) were investigated for their serum complement levels (CH50) and individual complement components.
(1) " Cold activation of complement", that in some patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis serum CH50 decreases during storage of the sample in the cold, was often observed in patients with HCC. (2) Patients with HCC revealed high serum CH50 compared with normal subjects when cold activation of complement was prevented. (3) Analysis of complement components revealed high Clq, C5, C9 and CIINH in patients with HCC. (4) Patients with LC revealed low serum CH50 compared with normal subjects, while LC patients with HCC showed significantly high serum CH50, C4, C3, C5 and CIINH.
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I. Significance of T-cell Mediated Cytotoxicity
Akitaka NONOMURA, Isao NISHIMURA, Joji HARATAKE, Hiroshi KURUMAYA, Koj ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1760-1771
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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T cells from about 30% of patients with chronic hepatitis showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against HBsAg-coated hepatocytes than healthy subjects, whereas non of the patients showed significant cytotoxicity against albumin-coated hepatocytes. Among patients with HBsAg-negative chronic hepatitis significant T-cell cytotoxicity against HBsAg-coated hepatocytes was observed in patients having cellular antibody to HBsAg detected by lymphocyte blast transformation responses. Similar positive T-cell mediated cytotoxicity was observed both in patients with convalescent acute B hepatitis and healed acute B hepatitis, suggesting that positive T-cell cytotoxicity in HBsAg-negative patients represents anamnestic responses to HBsAg of sensitized T lymphocytes and has no significant pathogenetic roles in hepatocyte destruction because HBsAg is seemed to be absent in their hepatocytes.
Significant T-cell cytotoxicity against HBsAg-coated hepatocytes was also found in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis, having cellular antibody to HBsAg and low HBsAg titers in their sera. Levels of serum transaminase were significantly higher in patients showing positive T-cell cytotoxicity than those showing negative one.
In our experimental systems, HLA systems seemed not to be responsible for occurrence of the Tcell cytotoxicity reactions as seen in cytotoxic T-cell mediated cytotoxicity against virus-infected target cells. In consideration of the parallel occurrence of the positive T-cell cytotoxicity and cellular anti-HBs antibody, and the results of positive lymphotoxin assay in cytotoxicity-positive patients, it is suggested that T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in our systems seemed to be mediated by lymphokine producing T-cells as a result of delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
Non T-cells from both patients with chronic hepatitis and healthy subjects showed significantly higher cytotoxic activity to HBsAg-coated heaptocytes, when compared to those to albumin-coated hepatocytes. The cytotoxic values of non T-cells from patients with chronic hepatitis were higher than that of healthy subjects. This cytotoxic reactivity was interpreted as a spontaneous cellmediated cytotoxicity against HBsAg-coated hepatocytes.
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Takeo YAMANAKA, Masahiko HORIGUCHI, Sadao NAGASAWA, Yukio YOSHIDA, Mas ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1772-1776
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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α
1-microglobulin (α
1-m) was a low molecular weight glycoprotein, which was isolated from human urine. Hepatocytes was recently found to be one of the major seites of α
1-m production by immunohistochemical study of human hepatoma cell line. In the present study, serum concentrations of α
1-m were measured in various liver diseases and compared with normal controls. Liver diseases were classified in acute hepatitis (AH, 6 cases), fulminant hepatitis (FH, 4 cases), chronic inactive hepatitis (CIH, 8 cases), chronic active hepatitis (CAH, 10 cases), compensated liver cirrhosis (CLC, 12 cases), decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC, 20 cases) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HC, 15 cases).
The mean serum concentrations of α
1-m were found significantly decreased in the groups of AH, FH, CLC, DLC than that of normal controls. This decrease seemed to be caused by the hepatic damage. Correlative studies between serum arm levels and liver function tests were simultaneously carried out in all groups excepted for a group of HC. The α
1-m value was significantly correlated with serum values of albumin and cholinesterase. These clinical findings suggested that hepatocytes was a production seit of α
1-m.
The mean value of α
1-m concentrations in patients with HC was 19.6mg/l, which was significantly higher than that of 12.2mg/l in patients with LC. The ranges of α
1-m values of these two groups, however, overlapped greatly each other. These findings suggested that the serum level of α
1-m was of little or no diagnostic value for HC.
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Shujiro TAKASE, Akira TAKADA, Hiromichi NAKAYA, Toshihiro MORIKAWA, Ma ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1777-1781
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Uptake rates of ICG or BSP bound to plasma proteins of 4 cases with constitutional ICG excretory defect (ICG defect) by the rat liver were determind. In 3 familial cases of ICG defect, uptake rates of ICG and BSP by the isolate perfused rat liver were slightly higher than those of normal control, but uptakes both of ICG and BSP were clearly decreased in a sporadic case of ICG defect. In a sporadic case, ICG uptake rate by the isolated rat hepatocytes was also decreased. It was assumed that there were two types in ICG defect. However, it was impossible to explain the remarkable impairment of ICG clearance entirely by the loss of albumin binding ICG, because the distribution ratio of ICG to albumin fraction was only 22% in a sporadic case.
These results suggested that the causative factor for the development of ICG defect is not in the plasma but in the liver and functional abnormality of plasma albumin might complicate with ICG defect in the sporadic case.
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Isolation of Bacteria and Parasites
Noriaki NAKAMURA, Toshio FUJIOKA, Fumihiro AKASHI, Kenichi MATSUNAGA, ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1782-1790
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The Pancreozymin-Secretin test was performed in a total of 510 cases of digestive diseases: It was confirmed that this test is useful not only for the evaluation of pancreatic exocrine function but also for the diagnostic information for biliary tract diseases. The value of the icterus index in P10, which was a fraction of duodenal juice collected 10 minutes after intravenous injection of Pancreozymin (1 unit/kg), was 292.4±100.3 (mean±S.D.) in 30 normal subjects, and its value in S40 and S60, which were fractions of duodenal juice collected 40 minutes and 60 minutes after intravenous injections of Secretin (1 unit/kg), was 1.8±2.2 and 2.3±3.6, respectively. Therefore, the normal value of icterus index was over 100 for P10 and under 10 for both S40 and S60 for clinical use. The icterus index was decreased in P10 and increased in S40 and S60 in cases with biliary tract diseases. However, no significant difference was observed in the volume of each fraction collected from patients with biliary tract diseases compared to that of normal subjects. Abnormal value of icterus index or volume of duodenal juice collected by the P-S test was also observed frequently in patients with pancreatic cancer, chronic pantreatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus.
The isolated bacteria could be determined to be pathogens when they numbered over 105 cell/ml in the duodenal juice obtained by duodenal drainage methods. However, the apperance of gram-positive bacteria such as α-Streptococcus, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermides were thought to be contaminats because almost all were under 105 cells/ml and rarely isolated from bile collected by sugical procedure.
Furthermore, parasites such as Giardia lambria, Isospora belli and Strongyloides stercoralis were found in 2.2% of the duodenal juice collected by P-S test. (11 out of 510 cases).
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Kiyoshi INOUE, Noritoshi IWASAKI, Yoshinori MATSUNAGA, Hidenori KITANA ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1791-1796
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The Conray
R (iothalamate meglumine) enhanced CT scans with previous intravenous administration of Hydrochol
R (dehydrocholic acid) and Padrin
R (prifinum bromide) were employed in 162 cases with GE CT/T 7800 and GE CT/T 8800 scanners. The gallbladder was clearly visualized and enlarged in size in 81% compared with Conray
R enhanced CT scan controls in 10%. The gallstones in the gallbladder and the thickness or inflamatory grade of the gallbladder were clearly demonstrated in some cases in this method. The size of the gallbladder was not changed in 30 cases, and 17 cases of them had had biliary duct diseases.
The common bile duct was also identified in 64% compared with the controls in 15%. The normal or dilated bile duct is able to be followed continuously in each slice of CT scans.
In this paper, we will emphasize that the Hydrochol
R-Padrin
R-Conray
R enhanced CT scan (HPC-CT scan) is very effective in the analysis of the upper abdominal examination, especially in the patient with biliary duct disease.
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Kiyokazu MATOBA, Tomoe KATSUMATA, Masao KAKEI, Hajime KUWATA, Hideaki ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1797-1820
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Mikio TANINO, Goroku OHTA, Manabu YONESHIMA
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1803-1806
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Atsuyoshi ONITSUKA, Masatomo HAYASHI, Toshio SAIKA, Nobuyasu KANO, Tak ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1807-1811
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Hiroyuki ODA, Kenichi NANBA, Kazuaki KAMISAKA, Hidenori MAEZAWA
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1812-1816
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Osamu MATSUI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1817
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Munemasa RYU, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
1981 Volume 78 Issue 9 Pages
1818
Published: September 05, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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