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Effect of Several Drugs on Gastric Mucus
Akira TORII, Masahiro ARIIZUMI, Hitoshi IWASAKI, Hiroshi NOZAWA, Nobua ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1529-1538
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The properties of gastric covering mucus and epithelial mucus at the different segments of stomach were studied by the histochemical method. In addition, the mucous volume was investigated quantitatively by measuring the ratio between the thickness of mucous layer and mucosal layer.
The oral administration of indomethacine and prednisolone to rats induced gastric mucosal injuries and decreased gastric mucous secretion, and it suggested a possible pathogenesis of drug induced ulceration. On the contrast, in prostaglandin E
2, pirenzepine, and L-glutamine administered rats, the increase of gastric mucous secretion was observed suggesting the reinforcement of gastric mucous barrier.
This method made it possible to investgate the gastric covering mucous layer and it seemed to be a very useful mean on the study of gastric mucus which is very important factor in the gastric mucosal protective mechanism.
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Kenji NAGAI, Tetsuo HAYAKAWA, Noboru YANAIHARA
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1539-1546
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Amino-terminal fragment of human big gastrin [G34 (1-15)]-like immunoreactivity in biopsy specimens of antral mucosa in patients with upper gastrointestinal diseases were measured by a radio-immuoassay system using an antiserum specific to aminoterminal portion of human G34. The mean value of antral G34 (1-15)-like immunoreactivity in patients with gastric antrum or angle ulcer was significantly lower than that in controles (p<0.05). Antral G34 (1-15)-like immunoreactivity in young (20-29yr) patients with gastric body ulcer was significantly higher than other ulcer groups (p<0.05). Among gastric cancer patients, antral G34 (1-15)-like immunoreactivity was significantly higher in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma group than in well differentited adenocarcinoma group (p<0.01). The present results suggest that pathophysiological role of gastrin in peptic ulcer or gastric cancer may be different by various factors.
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Ushio SAKAGUCHI
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1547-1553
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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We reported a histopathological study on morphogenesis of the gastric polyp in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Samples were obtained from multiple gastric polyps of two patients presenting with this disorder. One sample was prepared during autopsy of a 26-year-old female who died of ovarian carcinoma; the other was from the excised stomach of a 59-year-old male. Polyps in the samples were grossly measured and classified into 3 groups according to the size: Group A consisted of 228 polyps 2mm or less in diameter, Group B of 24 polyps less than 5mm in diameter, and Group C of 25 polyps 5mm or larger. A total of 277 polyps treated with hematoxylin-eosin stain, or azan-Mallory and alucian blue stains when necessary, were subjected to histological observation. Polyps in Group A were characterized by epithelial hyperplasia of the gastric pits; those in Group B by upward displasia of the submucosal vessels and cystic dilation in gastric ducts besides the findings in Group B. These were typical histological features of polyps in P-J syndrome. The above observations suggest a transition of polyps in P-J syndrome from the initial epithelial hyperplasia of the gastric pits, followed by the increase in bifurcations of the submucosal muscles, to typical polyps found in P-J syndrome.
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Effect of β-Cyclodextrin clathrate of 2-Benzyloxycarbonylphenyl trans-4-guanidinomethylcyclohexanecarboxylate hydrocholine (TA903) on Mucosal Prostaglandins
Tetsuo ARAKAWA, Hajime NAKAMURA, Hiroshi SATOH, Shinji CHONO, Hiroaki ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1554-1558
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) exert"adaptive cytoprotection"against various irritation in gastric mucosa suggesting the importance of their physiological role. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the stimulatory factors on PG synthesis in gastric mucosa. In this study, we investigated the effect of β-cyclodextrin clathrate of 2-benzyloxycarbonylphenyl trans-4-guanidinomethylcylcohexanecarboxylate hydrochloride (TA903), which exerts an antiulcer effect on various experimental ulcer models, on the PGE
2 and PGI
2 levels in rat gastric mucosa under the treatment with indomethacin or water-immersion. In these results, TA903 inhibited the decrease of mucosal PGE
2 and PGI
2 induced by indomethacin or water-immersion, suggesting that the stimulation of PG synthesis is one of the mechanisms of its antiulcer effect.
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Yoshihisa SHIZAWA
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1559-1568
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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In order to study the correlation between the healing process of peptic ulcers and coagulation factor XIII (F-XIII), F-XIII in plasma from 55 cases with peptic ulcer was investigated in addition to localization in resected gastric tissue from 14 cases. F-XIII in plasma and tissue was determined by fluorometry and the PAP method respectively.
Plasma F-XIII activity showed a gentle peak two or three weeks after the onset of abdominal pain. F-XIIIa-positive cells increased in the ulcer floor in which granulation and immature fibrosis were observed. F-XIIIa-positive cells were found in fibroblasts or macrophages. However, they were not prominent in tissue of ulcer scar.
These findings suggest that F-XIII may play an active role in the peptic ulcer healing process.
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Effect of Obesity on the Activity and Role of its Measurement in the Differential Diagnosis from Patients with Chronic Hepatitis
Fumio NOMURA, Kunihiko OHNISHI, Hirofumi KOEN, Toshio OHTSUKI, Kunihik ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1569-1573
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Serum cholinesterase activity was found to be increased in non-obese as well as obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, whereas obese subjects with no evidence of hepatic steatosis showed values slightly higher than those in controls. The activity was increased in 79% of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, in 23% of those with chronic persistent hepatitis, in 8% of those with chronic active hepatitis and in none of the patients with liver cirrhosis. By setting the upper limit at an above normal level, 42% of the patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver could be differentiated from patients with chronic hepatitis. When obese patients with fatty liver were followed with a low-caloric diet, cholinesterase activity was decreased reflecting improvement of hepatic steatosis.
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Makoto KASAJIMA
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1574-1581
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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HBeAg and anti-HBeAb were detected by radioimmunoassay in 129 cases of chronic type B hepatitis.
In acute hepatitis from HBsAg carriers (AH-C), persistent hepatitis (PH) and chronic active hepatitis (CAH), positive rate of HBeAg was high and many cases of these groups lost HBeAg or showed a seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBeAb during the follow-up period. Especially in two types of diseases, AH-C and PH, almost all cases showed seroconversion of HBeAg to anti-HBeAb during relatively short periods. On the other hand, HBeAg disappeared in about half cases of CAH, and a relatively long period was needed to losing of HBeAg in those cases indicating that CAH is a different pathological conditions from PH or AH-C.
During follow-up period in this study two female cases of anti-HBeAb positive who showed disappearance of HBsAg, was observed.
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Yasuhiro YUMOTO, Kenji JINNO, Katsuyuki TOKUYAMA, Yasuo FUJITA, Yasuyu ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1582-1591
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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We have studied the detection of hepatic tumor by single photon emmision computed tomography (SPECT) using rotatory chair and gamma camera. SPECT were taken by multiple section slice not in transaxial but also in frontal and sagital view. The detectablity of SPECT turnd out to be superior to the conventional liver scintiphoto. By SPECT, minute hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of 1.9cm in diameter was able to detect. Simultaneous interpretation of SPECT, US and XCT was more helpful than each independent interpertation. Subject comprized 108 patients with focal hepatic lesions including 48 cases of HCC and 44 cases of metastatic liver tumor. SPECT and celiac angiography on a 63-year-old female with liver cirrhosis revealed hepatic mass lesion in subphrenic region in right hepatic lobe, but XCT or US could not detect any lesion of hepatic tumor. Operated specimen showed confluent-massive type of HCC according to Nakashima's classification with 7×7×6.5cm in size, representing replacing proliferation by histological examination.
Both sensitivity and false positive rate of detectability of HCC were superior in decreasing order as combined three modalities, US XCT and SPECT. The diagnosis by combined three modalities showes 99% of sensitivity rate with 1% of false negative rate and 0% of false positive rate and 99.5% of accuracy. Differenciation of HCC from metastatic liver cancer or another benign tumor was possible with sensitivity rate of 94.8% and specificity rate of 90.0% by three combined modalities
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Relationship Between the Amount of Trypsin Inhibitor and Pancreatic Hypertrophy and Hyperplasia
Atsushi OHKI, Makoto OTSUKI, Yoshinori OKABAYASHI, Choitsu SAKAMOTO, I ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1592-1597
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The relationships between the amount of trypsin inhibitor administered and pancreatic hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and pancreatic enzyme contents were studied in male Wistar strain rats. Rats were received one of three concentrations of synthetic trypsin inhibitor (20, 50, or 200mg/kg body weight) by orogastric tube once daily for 10 days. The body weight gain was not influenced by the treatment. Pancreatic wet weight, pancreatic protein and protein per DNA ratio were significantly increased in rats treated with 20mg/kg of synthetic trypsin inhibitor. Higher concentration of trypsin inhibitor (50mg/kg) stimulated further increase of these parameters and DNA contents. Raising the concentration of inhibitor to 200mg/kg, however, caused no additional effects on the pancreas. The increase of pancreatic trypsinogen content exceeded the pancreatic hypertrophy and phperplasia, whereas pancreatic lipase content increased proportionally to the hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Pancreatic amylase content also increased, but the magnitude was smaller than those of other two enzyme. These findings suggest that the effect of trypsin inhibitor on enzyme content in the pancreas was different from each enzyme.
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Shoji HONDA, Muneharu KOMORI, Masanori SODA, Jun KABASHIMA, Shiroh FUN ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1598-1606
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The nature of human serum ribonuclease (RNase) measured by use of synthetic substrate (Poly C) was evaluated and non-specificity of elevated serum RNase as a pancreatic tumor marker was discussed. The optimal pH at 37°C was at 6.5 in 0.1M phosphate-borate buffer as described by Reddi, et al., but the optimal pH was at 7.4 in 0.1M Tris-HCl buffer. The serum RNase was thermostable in both conditions. The optimal pH and its activity was changed depending upon the cation, for example Na
+ and polyamine (spermidine), in the assay system. The serum RNase activity at the superoptimal pH 7.4 in 0.1M Tris-HCl buffer showed approximately 1.5 times higher than that at the optimal pH 6.5 in 0.1M phosphate- borate buffer. This finding was found in all subjects. There was no difference in the nature of the serum RNase between normal persons and patients with pancreatic cancer.
The serum RNase activity was elevated significantly in patients with pancreatic cancer compared to normal subjects, but significantly elevated serum RNase was also seen in patients with various malignant diseases, chronic liver diseases and benign marasmic diseases. Specific elevation of serum RNase as a pancreatic tumor marker was not observed. Furthermore, it was not affected by total pancreatectomy and it changed according to the nutritional and general conditions of the patients. It was observed that the serum RNase activity of hospitalized patients was tend to correlated to a BUN/creatinine ratio in the morning fasting urine.
These clinical observations seemed to support the concept that the elevation of serum RNase activity was related to the unbalance of protein-energy metabolism in tissues or renal function.
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Keisho KATAOKA, Kei KASHIMA, Katsuhiko KINUGASA, Yasuaki INADA, Yuji H ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1607-1616
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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A clinical significance of serum PSTI determination was studied in 122 healthy controls aged 20 to 93 years and in 157 patients with various diseases, including 59 cases with pancreatic diseases confirmed clinically or surgically. Serum PSTI was determined by the radioimmunoassay kit (Shionogi Pharmaceutical Co., Japan) and was compared with serum amylase, immunoreactive elastase-1 (IRE) and immunoreactive trypsin (IRT). Furthermore, serum PSTI was compared with the results of pancreozymin-secretin (PS) test in 73 cases who were clinically suggested to have pancreatic disorders.
1) The radioimmunoassay for PSTI was highly sensitive, specific and reproducible. 2) Serum PSTI significantly increased with age in healthy controls. Clinical reference range of serum PSTI determined by Hoffmann's method was 12.16±5.32ng/ml (mean±2SD). 3) Serum PSTI increased together with serum amylase, IRE and IRT in 20 cases after endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. 4) In acute pancreatitis, serum PSTI was considerably elevated and maintained high level more longer than serum pancreatic enzymes. 5) Abnormal high level was more frequently seen in serum PSTI than in serum amylase in chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer, especially in head cancer. 6) Abnormality of serum PSTI was also found in patients with renal failure and in some patients with liver cirrhosis or diabetes mellitus. 7) Serum PSTI significantly increased in subjects disturbed one or two secretory parameters of PS test, and also increased in those without apparent abnormality of the test. However, it did not increased in any subjects disturbed three secretory parameters of PS test.
These findings indicate that serum PSTI reflects exactly pathophysiological changes in the pancreas in comparison with serum amylase and that the determination of serum PSTI is useful for the diagnosis of pancreatic diseases.
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Takeo SAOSHIRO, Noboru INOUE, Hisato NAKAJIMA, Naohiko MASAKI, Jushiro ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1617-1622
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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184 HBs antigen positive patients aged over 65 years old on the basis of informations obtained by questionnaire methord from 19 National Hospitals were studied. Out of 184 patients, 99 were male and 85 female. 92 cases asymptomatic HBV carrier (ASC), 59 chronic liver disease, 27 hepatoma and 6 others. HBe-Ag positive was in 10 out of 23 patients with ASC (28.6%), in 5 out of 23 patients with chronic liver disease (21.6%), and in 4 of 6 patients with hepatoma (66.7%). Twelve patients died of cirrhosis, and 22 patients died of hepatoma. Cirrhosis was found in all of the patients with hepatoma. As a characteristic of HBs-Ag positive old aged patients, nearly half of the patients were ASC; the liver disease is thought to be occured ever from the HBV carrier over 60 years old. Patients with HBe-Ag positive also had a high percentage of developing hepatoma as a complication.
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TREATED SUCCESSFULLY WITH FAMOTIDINE
Keiko SHIRATORI, Shin-ichiro WATANABE, Masataka MARUYAMA, Hitomi ADACH ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1623-1627
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Yukihiro SHIMIZU, Michio TANAKA, Takashi SHIBUYA, Shinichiro FUJIKURA, ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1628-1633
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Yoshihisa OJIMA, Michio KATO, Takumasa OKUYAMA, Manabu MASUZAWA, Shige ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1634-1637
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Hiroto MATSUDA, Yohko IGARASHI, Makoto OHISHI, Yasushi TATSUMI, Ichiro ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1638-1641
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Takashi SHINAGAWA, Shinji ISOMURA, Katsutaro HIROTA, Haruyasu UKAJI, K ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1642-1646
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Hideaki KOSEKI, Junji KASANUKI, Terue IMAIZUMI, Akira KIMURA, Ryoichi ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1647-1651
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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S. MITSUTANI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1652
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Mitsuru AONO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1653
Published: 1984
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Significance of Peripheral Low Density Area
Yukio MURAMATSU, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japa ...
1984 Volume 81 Issue 7 Pages
1654
Published: 1984
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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