Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi
Online ISSN : 1349-7693
Print ISSN : 0446-6586
Volume 82, Issue 5
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
  • Yutaka YAMAMOTO
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1293-1299
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Sequential changes of four enzymes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-P-DH), reduced nicotinamido adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (NADH-DH), aldolase and alkaline phosphatase (Al-Pase), were examined histochemically during the course of esophageal carcinogenesis in rats induced by N-methyl-N-amylnitrosamine. G-6-P-DH activity was found in the outer layer of the normal epithelium, whereas NADH-DH and aldolase activities were found in the basal layer. Localization of activities of these three enzymes in hyperplasia and papilloma was nearly the same as in the normal epithelium. In the early squamous cell carcinoma, G-6-P-DH and aldolase displayed increased and diffused activities, whereas NADH-DH disappeared. In the advanced carcinoma, only G-6-P-DH activity was elevated, while no NADH-DH or aldolase activity could be detected. No Al-Pase showed activity in the esophageal epithelium and carcinoma. These results suggest that the enzymes activity undergose alteration during the course of esophageal carcinogenesis in rats.
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  • Nocturnal Gastroesophageal Motility and Esophageal pH in Supine Position
    Tsutomu MATSUZAKI, Tadashi SUGIYAMA, Toshio NISHIOKA, Toshikazu SEKIGU ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1300-1307
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Nocturnal continuous recordings of gastroesophageal intraluminal pressure were obtained in eleven patients with PSS and ten healthy subjects in supine position. In the PSS patients, five cases were complicated by reflux esophagitis. The results were compared among the healthy subjects, the PSS patients and the PSS patients with reflux esophagitis.
    A manometric catheter assembly with seven recording side orifices monitored the swallowing action of the pharynx, the esophageal body motor activities, the lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and the gastric motor activities.
    The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux episodes in the PSS patients was more decreased than that in the normal subjects. The acid clearing time was significantly prolonged in the PSS patients, especially in the PSS patients with reflux esophagitis, comparing with the normal subjects. The frequency of esophageal primary peristalsis in a gastroesophageal reflux episode was more decreased in the PSS patients than that in the normal subjects.
    These results suggest that the decrease of amplitude and frequency of esophageal primary peristalsis in a gastroesophageal reflux episode are important for the occurrence of reflux esophagitis in the PSS patients.
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  • Eiji KOBAYASHI, Saburou NAKAZAWA, Yoshihisa THUKAMOTO
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1308-1317
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was performed to elucidate the quantitative change of macromolecular glycoprotein which was supposed to play one of the most important role in the defensive factor of gastric mucosa for peptic ulcer disease. The mean value of hexose in macromolecular fraction from surgically resected gastric mucosa was 15.6±1.4μg/mg in the group without chloroform-methanol treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in the hexose guantity in macromolecular fraction among the group without chloroform-methanol treatment, that with one time treatment, and 5 times treatment. This indicates that the portion of glycolipid in macromolecular fraction is negligible and the determination of hexose in macromolecular fraction is able to be an index of macromolecular glycoprotein. Hexose in macromolecular fraction could be also assayed in biopsy specimen which was taken on gastric endoscopic examination, and its mean value was 6.6±0.7μg/mg in the active stage of gastric ulcer group and 5.5±1.6μg/mg in active stage of gastric ulcer of gastro-duodenal ulcer group. There was statistically significant difference between hospital control group (9.4±1.0μg/mg) and each of them (p<0.05). From these results, it is suggestid that the estimation of hexose in gastric mucosa is useful in the study of the defensive factor of peptic ulcer disease.
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  • Junichi TANAKA, Toshio TAKAHASHI, Toshiharu YAMAGUCHI, Naoto OGATA, Ka ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1318-1326
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was designed to elucidate the effects of gastrointestinal hormones on the human carcinomas arised from the gastrointestinal mucosa.
    In five of seventeen stomach carcinomas, gastrin (10μg/ml) enhanced 14C-leucine uptake into the tumor tissue in organ culture. In four of thirteen stomach carcinomas, gastrin increased the production of 14C-labelled protein in the medium. All the cases in which protein synthesis was enhanced by gastrin were histologically poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas. Gastrin also enhanced the protein synthesis of two human cultured colon carcinomas, which had been serially transplanted in athymic mice.
    To obtain the evidence in vivo, the influence of gastrin and secretin on the growth of stomach and colon carcinomas which had been serially transplanted in athymic mice, were examined. One of two stomach carcinomas and one of three colon carcinomas were enhanced in growth by pentagastrin injected with 250μg/kg every day. The tumor weight doubling time was significantly shortened by gastrin in one stomach carcinoma. On the other hand, secretin injected with 100U/kg every day inhibited the trophic action of gastrin in stomach and colon carcinomas.
    These data presented here indicate that the metabolism and growth of carcinomas arised from gastrointestinal mucosa are regulated in part by gastrin and/or secretin. And, the possibility of gastrointestinal hormone therapy might be available for the treatment of some gastrointestinal carcinomas.
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  • Toshifumi OHKUSA
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1327-1336
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    By oral administration of 5 and 10% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS; M.W., 54000) to Syrian hamsters in their drinking water, ulcerative lesions in the large intestines could be induced, the clinical and pathological features bore a close resemblance to human ulcerative colitis. All animals receiving 5 and 10% DSS solutions, 10 animals for each group, showed looseness of the stools with blood and mucus or bloody diarrhea 9.1 and 4.6 days after received the solutions, respectively. Histologically, multiple erosions and cellular infiltration were observed in the cecum, colon and rectum of all animals, 16 of which showed crypt abscess. Upon the examinations of fecal microflora before and after the administration of DSS, a significant increase in the number of Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae was found, whereas the number of Lactobacilli decreased remarkably. While all other groups of strict anaearobes but Bacteroidaceae were reduced or remained unchanged in the number, members of Bacteroidaceae was increased. This suggests that the organisms may associate with DSS to induced ulcerative colitis-like disease in the animals.
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  • Kazuhiko SHIMADA, Shinichiro FUJIKURA, Hiroyuki NOJIRI, Takashi KOJIMA ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1337-1347
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Morphological and immunohistochemical studies of solitary lymphatic nodule (SLN) obtained by biopsy in normal human terminal ileum and duodenal bulb were performed. The size of SLN and the distribution of cells reacting with monoclonal antibodies to T cell subsets were examined. After fixation in peroxidase-lysin-4% paraform aldehyde (PLP), the specimens were washed in phosphate buffer solution (PBS), embeded in OCT-compound and sectioned into 4-6μm thickness on a cryostat. The size of lymphatic nodule and germinal center were measured under a light microscope using a micrometer. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by indirect peroxidase method using monoclonal antibodies (Leu series).
    The results obtained were as follows.
    1. The ratio of maximal diameter of germinal center/lymphatic nodule (GC/LN) of the elevated type SLN in duodenal bulb was higher than that of depressed type SLN in duodenal bulb and that of SLN in terminal ileum. No significant difference was found in the size of maximal diameter of the lymphatic nodule between them.
    2. The incidences of Leu 1+ cells and Leu 2a+ cells were higher than that of Leu 3a+ cells in the interepithelium covering lymphatic nodule of terminal ileum and duodenal bulb. The incidences of Leu 1+ and Leu 3a+ cells in the interepithelium of villi were similar to those in the interepithelium covering lymphatic nodule.
    3. The incidences of Leu 1+ cells and Leu 3a+ cells were higher than that of Leu 2a+ cells in SLN (germinal center and follicular area), and the incidence of Leu 1+ cells was higher than that of Leu 2a+ cells and Leu 3a+ cells in the parafollicular area of terminal ileum. The incidences of Leu 1+, Leu 2a+ and Leu 3a+ cells of SLN in duodenal bulb were similar to those in terminal ileum. In comparison between the terminal ileum and duodenal bulb, the incidences of Leu 1+, Leu 2a+ and Leu 3a+ cells in the follicular area and that of Leu 3a+ cells in the germinal center of duodenal bulb were higher than those of terminal ileum.
    4. No significant difference was found in the incidence between Leu 2a+ cells and Leu 3a+ cells in the lamina propria (villous process and between crypts) of terminal ileum and duodenal bulb.
    It is assumed that the structual difference of SLN in the terminal ileum and duodenal bulb presumably reflect the different immunological responces following the difference of the antigens in these areas.
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  • Mitsuru YASUNAGA, Kiwamu OKITA, Kazutoshi SANUKI, Makoto MURATA, Masaa ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1348-1353
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It was performed to make sure the influence of histamine H2-receptor antagonists to the liver blood flow, particulary in the rat carrying severe liver damage, because these reagents have been used preferably in the therapy of gastrointestinal bleeding accompanied with severe liver damage.
    According to hydrogen gas clearance method, an administration of cimetidine (4.0mg/kg) or ranitidine (1.0mg/kg) to the control rat did not induce the reduction of liver blood flow, but a large dose such as 16.0mg/kg of cimetidine or 4.0mg/kg of ranitidine reduced this flow significantly.
    On the other hand, in the rat carrying d-galactosamine induced severe liver damage, the liver blood flow decreased even in the low dose of cimetidine or ranitidine, and was impaired much more in the administration of large dose of these drugs.
    In conclusion, histamine H2-receptor antagonists should be administrated with care particularly in the case with severe liver disease.
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  • Its Clinical Significance and Prosthesis
    Minoru SUKIGARA, Shinichi TAKAMOTO, Toshiro KOMAZAKI, Kazumi KOGA, Mas ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1354-1359
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was performed in order to clarify the clinical significance of colour flow mapping by realtime two-dimensional Doppler exhography (2-D Doppler) in observing the intra- and extra-hepatic vessels. 35 patients were examined by 2-D Doppler which displays real time two dimensional blood flow imaging by colour noninvasively. Of those 25 had any liver diseases and remaining 10 had no abnormalities in the liver. Some specific diagnostic capacity of this technique revealed are as follows.
    Identification of intra- and extra-hepatic vessels was easily performed. Hemodynamics in the vessels were also easily observed. Direction and velocity of the blood flow were distinguished at a glance. When the velocity of portal blood flow was slow, such as seen in liver cirrhosis, the colour imaging was obtained in only a half patients. In the cases of liver cirrhosis, however, some specific findings such as shunt flow, and when combined with the hepatoma, the nutritional hepatic arteries were observed.
    In conclusion, these information by 2-D Doppler were very effective in evaluating the liver diseases.
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  • Toru KANNO, Koshun KIM, Narito KURIOKA, Shigeyoshi HARIHARA, Sukeo YAM ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1360-1368
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fourty-five patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicating occlusion of portal trunk or the 1st order branches were treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), intra-arterial one shot injection of anticancer drugs (one shot), intra-arterial use of micro-encapsulated mitomycin C (MMC-mc) and conservative therapy, and the therapeutic effects and prognosis were investigated.
    Twenty-six of 27 patients with portal trunk occlusion died within five months. However, one patient treated with MMC-mc, having the remarkble tumor regression and obvious improvement of portal occlusion, survives for 3 years and 9 months.
    For HCC with occlusion of 1st order branches, TAE was excellent in tumor regression and drop of serum AFP level as compared with one shot. But there was almost no difference between TAE group and one shot group in the prognosis, that is, one year survival rate was 12.5% (TAE group) and 14.3% (one shot group). Especially in two patients received one shot marked tumor regression and recanalization of the right portal branch were observed, and one of them survived for 2 years and 3 months.
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  • Yasushi MATSUZAKI, Toshiaki OSUGA, Michio IMAWARI, Junichi SHODA, Keij ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1369-1379
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    There are few studies concerning the relationship between serum bile acid and the gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, we investigated the serum profile of bile acid in various diseases of the intestine by high performance liquid chromatography with immobilized 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenease. We also evaluated the oral loading test of UDCA 300mg for the test of malabsorption.
    In blind loop syndrome (n=5), The percent fraction of free bile acid (F) was significantly increased (66.7±31.7%, Mean±SD) compared to normal control (n=12, 29.3±18.3%), and deoxycholic acid (DC) was remarkably increased (40-90%) in three cases, compared to normal control (11.8±11.1%). and also in two cases with intestinal resection, F was remarkably increased (more than 70%). In post-total gastrectomy (n=12), F (48.7±34.3%) and DC (31.4±12.4%) were also significantly increased. We speculated that these changes might have been caused by the bacterial overgrowth in the intestine to produce free bile acid and the secondary bile acid.
    In all four patients with ileocaecal lesion and two cases out of twelve patients with massive intestinal resection, oral loading of UDCA 300mg revel glaed a decreased exogenous UDCA in the plasma clearance curve. Therefore, this test reflected the decreased absorption of bile acid from ileocaecum.
    Furthermore, we tried to distinguish between bacterial overgrowth syndrome and malabsorption syndrome by combining the determination of serum individual bile acid and oral bile acid loading test. As a result, we could classify twelve cases with various kinds of gastrointestinal diseases into four types. Type I was the cases with abnormal profile of serum bile acid (marked increase of percent of F or DC). This type was suggested to be a bacterial overgrowth syndrome. Type II was the cases with low response after oral bile acid loading and normal profile of serum bile acid. This type was suggested to be due to a malabsorption. Type III was one case with abnormal profile of serum bile acid and low response after oral bile acid loading. This type suggested to be both bacterial overgrowth and malabsorption. Type IV was the cases with normal profile of serum bile acid and normal response after bile acid loading like normal controls.
    The determination of serum individual bile acid and oral loading test of UDCA 300mg could be a useful test for the discrimination between bacterial overgrowth and malabsorption.
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  • III. Enterokinase-Modification of its Assay Method and its Physiological Significance
    Yukio ISHIHARA
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1380-1388
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the partial activation of pancreatic juice trypsinogen in the duodenum, enterokinase acts as activating enzyme. Examination of methods reported hitherto of enterokinase assay using trypsinogen as substrate revealed the concurrence of degradation process with activation one during incubation. Addition of Ca2+ to final concentration of 10mM and keeping the incubation temperature at 0°C enabled to inhibit the degradation completely. Output of enterokinase in the duodenal aspirates of 8 normal subjects increased immediately after stimulation of CCK-PZ and secretin about 3.6 fold of the before value. Intraduodenal concentration of enterokinase after CCK-PZ and secretin stimulation was maintained sufficiently high level for activation of trypsinogen, the degree of its activation being determined by bile content and independent on enterokinase concentration.
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  • Taketo IWAMOTO, Mitsuo IIDA, Masaya TOMINAGA, Norio KOHROGI, Koichiro ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1389-1393
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Tadahiro TAKADA, Hideki YASUDA, Katsuhiro UCHIYAMA, Hirosi HASEGAWA, J ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1394-1397
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Mitsuhiko MORIYAMA, Yuko IKEDA, Morihide YASUDA, Takashi MOTOHASHI, Yu ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1398-1401
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Tsuyoshi TANAKA, Yuichi FUJIMOTO, Toru OKAZAKI, Takashi YANO, Naoaki H ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1402-1405
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yasuyoshi IBUKI, Masahiro HIRASA, Hiroshi TAKAKUWA, Masatoshi KUDO, Ka ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1406-1411
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Masaaki KOBAYASHI, Jin-ichi KAMEYAMA, Tadashi HOSHIKAWA, Yasuyuki SUZU ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1412-1415
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Shinji OKA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese] ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1416
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kazuhiko OKABE, [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1417
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Makoto OGAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanes ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1418
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • As a role of a screening tumor marker in patients with the elevation of serum alkalinphosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase and/or γ-glutamyl transpeptidase
    Osamu YAMANAKA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...
    1985 Volume 82 Issue 5 Pages 1419
    Published: 1985
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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