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Effect of Endogenous Prostaglandins on Gastric Acid Secretion
Takashi FUKUDA, Tetsuo ARAKAWA, Keiichi KITADA, Kenji KOBAYASHI, Hirok ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
181-186
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The aim of this study is to test the effect of endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) on gastric acid secretion. Using hypertonic solution which possibly secretion. Using hypertonic solution which possibly stimulates blosynthesis of PGs, the PGE
2 release and acid output were measured in rats with gastric fistulation.
Twenty percent mannitol solution (1220mosmol) significantly stimulated the PGE
2 release and inhibited acid secretion.
After replacement of hypertonic solution with normotonic solution, the PGE
2 release and acid output returned to the basal values. Indomethacin increased nonstimulated acid secretion and inhibited reduction of acid secretion induced by hypertonic solution.
These results suggest that endogenous PGE
2 may have an inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion.
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Toshihiro YAMANAKA, Saburo NAKAZAWA, Kosei SEGAWA, Junji YOSHINO
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
187-198
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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A study was made on the structure of gastric ulcer by means of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). EUS was performed in water bath on 3 canine autopsied stomachs with 6 acetic-acid-induced ulcers and 30 human resected stomachs with 45 peptic ulcers, and the endoscopic ultrasonograms were compared with histology. EUS made it possible to diagnose the depth of open ulcers and ulcer scars. The exudate and the fibrinoid necrosis were visualized by EUS as a high echoic area localized at the superficial layer of ulcer base. The granulation tissue and the scar tissue were visualized by EUS as a slightly poor echoic area or more poor echoic area localized at the site deeper than the middle layer of the ulcer base. The histological fusion of the mucosal musucular layer and the proper muscular one was visualized by EUS as the fusion of the 2nd and the 4th layers of the gastric wall. The regenerating mucosa overcovering the base of ulcer was visualized by EUS as a superficial high echoic layer which was connected with the 1st layer of the surrounding normal gastric wall. The pattern of the transection of the ulcer crater was also clearly visualized by EUS.
Based on these fundamental investigations, EUS was performed clinically on 12 cases with gastric ulcers. And the clinical endoscopic ultrasonogram also turned out to correspond with histological findings of their resected specimen. In conclusion, this study presents that EUS is able to be put into clinical evaluation of histological findings of gastric ulcers.
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Yuko KOBAYASHI, Haruto UCHINO, Takeo MIYAKE
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
199-204
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Cell proliferation kinetics of human gastric ulcer were studied. After in vitro incubation of endoscopic biopsies with tritiated thymidine in three atm. of oxygen, specimens were obtained for autoradiography and transmission electronmicrography. In the A
2 to H
2 stage, many cells were labelled at the edge of ulcer, where the highest labeling indices were found. The main portion of cellular regeneration of the gastric ulcer was considered to be the hyperplastic regenerative zon at the edge of ulcer. Cell kinetics study showed a continuous acceleration from the A
2 to S
1 stage: a decrease in the S
2 stage, but in some cases continuous acceleration was observed still in the S
2 stage.
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Influence by Inhibitor of Cu, Zn-Superoxide Dismutase, Diethyldithiocarbamate
Keiki OGINO, Shinji OKA, Kazuya MAZUDA, Shinjiro MAZUURA, Shunji YOSHI ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
205-209
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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It was suggested that suproxide radicals may play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesion. In order to explore the mechanism of gsatric mucosal lesion from the view point of internal Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), inhibitor of Cu, Zn-SOD, diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), was injected in rats. At 7hr after the administration of DDC, there were many ulcers in the stomach and intestine. Activities of SOD in the gastric mucosa were suppressed at 1hr, 3hr and 7hr after the administration of DDC.
These results indicate that Cu, Zn-SOD may be one of the factors in the gstrointestinal mucosal defence mechanism.
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Takefumi NAKAMURA, Fuminori MORIYASU, Nobuyuki BAN, Osamu NISHIDA, Tak ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
210-215
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Intestinal vascular resistance was calculated as (mean arterial pressure-portal venous pressure)/ (superior mesenteric arterial blood flow volume) in 20 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), 5 with chronic active hepatitis, 6 with idiopathic portal hypertension, and in 7 controls. The mesenteric arterial blood flow volume was obtained percutaneously using an ultrasonic duplex system.
The intestinal vascular resistance of the LC group (5.6±1.8mmHg•ml
-1•min•kg, mean±S.D.) was significantly lower than that of the controls (7.8±2.6). The pulsatility index (y) and intestinal vascular resistance (x) showed a linear correlation (y=0.84+6.2×10
-3x, r=0.37, n=38).
These findings indicated 1) intestinal low vascular resistance in cirrhotic patients and 2) the usefulness of the pulsatility index when investigating abdominal arterial blood flow using the ultrasonic duplex system.
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Masahiro SENJUH, Kazuya MAKIYAMA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], Masayu ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
216-220
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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We investigated mast cells, IgE containing cells and tissue histamine contents of 53 samples of 14 healthy persons.
It was concluded that the number of mast cells, the number on IgE containing cells and tissue histamine contents in ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum were not significant. In addition, a positive correlation between the number of mast cells existed in the lamina propria mucosae and histamine contents of colonic mucosa was observed.
As the results, mast cells, IgE containing cells and tissue histamine contents in normal mucosa of each part of the large intestine distributed almost evenly from ascending colon to rectum, furthermore it was suggested that tissue histamine contents might exist partly in the mast cells.
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Yoshiki HAMADA
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
221-228
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Using an antibody against rat intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the effects of intestinal cholera toxin (CT) administration on the localization and turnover of ALP in the intestinal epithelial cells in rats were assessed.
Immunohistochemical study revealed that the localization of ALP was mainly on the microvillus membrane and Golgi apparatus in control rats. In CT-treated rats, greater amounts of ALP positive membrane components were observed around the microvillus region as compared to those of controls. In turnover study of ALP, the incorporation of
3H-leucine into ALP molecules which were precipitated by the antibody against rat intestinal ALP was significantly increased on brush border membrane and in intestinal luminal contents after CT administration. However, incorporation of
3H-leucine into TCA-precipitated mucosal homogenate and brush border membrane was not altered after CT treatment.
Therefore, these results demonstrated that CT stimulated the biosynthesis of intestinal ALP in intestinal epithelial cells in rats.
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Kazutaka YAMADA, Sonshim TAKAO, Takashi ISHIZAWA, Hisaaki SHIMAZU
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
229-238
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Tumor lines of human colorectal cancer heterotransplanted serially in nude mice were subjected to the present study on growth rate of the tumor. Histology of primary tumors included well, moderately or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. The results obtained were as follws;
1. Doubling time of these tumor lines ranged from 5.1 days to 16.9 days (mean; 10.2 days).
2. Growth rate of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was fast, compared with that of mucinous carcinoma or signent ring cell carcinoma.
3. Growth rate of liver metastatic lesion was faster than that of primary lesion, whereas reverse relationship was observed in that of lymph node metastatic lesion.
4. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were related to growth rates of the tumor line.
5. Growth rate of each tumor line was correlated with its chemosensitivity against Mitomycin C.
These results indicate that growth rate of human colorectal cancer is related to histology of the primary tumor, type of the lesion (primary or metastatic), serum CEA level and sensitivity to anti-cancer drugs.
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Correlation with the Degree of Hepatic Damage
Yasuyuki NISHIMURA
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
239-246
Published: 1987
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In order to elucidate the changes of insulin receptor in acute hepatitis,
125I-insulin binding to erythrocytes was studied in nineteen patients with acute hepatitis and the binding data were analyzed in relation to basal insulin levels and the degree of hepatic damage.
Specific insulin binding to erythrocytes was significantly decreased in patients with acute hepatitis as compared with that in normal controls. Scatchard analysis suggested that this decreased binding was secondary to a decrease in the receptor number per cell. There was a significant correlation between specific insulin binding and Hepaplastin test values. However, no correlation was found between specific binding and basal insulin levels.
These data suggest that the decreased insulin binding to erythrocytes in acute hepatitis may not be caused by down regulation commonly seen in the state of hyperinsulinemia, but by some different mechanism(s) intimately related to the degree of hepatic damage.
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Studies on Acute Viral Hepatitis
Hitomi TAKAHASHI, Shoji YAMADA, Takeaki NAGAMINE, Shunichi SAEKI, Take ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
247-255
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Serum concentrations of various thyroid parameters were sequentially measured in acute hepatitis. Subjects were 17 patients with acute viral hepatitis, which included 6 with type A, 2 with type B and 9 with type non A non B. In acute stage of acute hepatitis, the mean thyroxine (T
4), reverse triiodothyronine (rT
3) and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) values were elevated, whereas the mean triiodothyronine (T
3) value did not significantly differ from that in convalescent stage. The mean free thyroxine (FT
4) value did not change significantly and the mean free triiodothyronine (FT
3) value was obviously lower in acute stage.
Serum FT
3 values correlated negatively with serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) values and changed from low levels to normal range in the course of hepatitis. Besides values of FT
3 correlated with prothrombin time (%) and hepaplastin test (%) which seemed to reflext the damage of liver injury, and correlated with values of serum albumin and serum cholinesterase which might express the hepatic synthetic function. Therefore values of FT
3 in acute hepatitis seem to indicate the degree of liver damage. On the other hand serum rT
3 values showed reciprocal changes of serum FT
3 values.
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Hiroshi TAKEDA, Yasuhiro MIZOGUCHI, Yoshihide SAKAGAMI, Kenji MIYAJIMA ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
256-260
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asymptomatic HBV carriers and normal individuals were incubated with
3H-estradiol and cold estradiol at 37°C. The radioactivity bound to these cells was then counted, and the estradiol binding capacity was estimated. As a ressult, the estradiol binding capacity of the mononuclear cells from the asymptomatic HBV carriers was lower than that of the normal individuals.
This suggested that the unresponsiveness to estrogen of the mononuclear cells from asymptomatic HBV carriers which we reported previously was due to the deficiency in the estradiol binding capacity.
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Akinori KASAHARA, Norio HAYASHI, Yutaka SASAKI, Shunichi FURUSAWA, Hir ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
261-267
Published: 1987
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the investigation in hepatic hemodynamics for assessing the severity and predicting the prognosis of 30 patients with liver cirrhosis. The concentration of hemoglobin in the hepatic tissue (ΔEr
569-650), the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in local liver blood (SO
2) and the in vivo hepatic oxygen consumption (VO
2) decreased significantly in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis in comparison with compensated liver cirrhosis. The SO
2 in patients who could survive more than 5 years after peritoneoscopy was significantly higher than that in nonsurvivors, whereas no significant difference was found in the ΔEr
569-650 and VO
2 between survivors and nonsurvivors. According to survival curves up to 90 months, a decreased survival was seen if the SO
2 was less than 40%.
Thus, the estimation of hepatic hemodynamics by using reflectance spectrophotometry may provide a valuable information for assessing the severity and predicting the prognosis of liver cirrhosis.
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Hiroshi MARUYAMA, Youshiro NIITU, Yasuo TAKAHASHI, Yasuzi HIRATA, Hisa ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
268-275
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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In the present report, human anionic GST was purified from human placenta by CM-cellulose, Sephadex G100, GSH-Lys-Sepharose 4B and isoelectric forcusing.
Using this purified protein as a antigen, specific anti serum was prepared in rabbit. The radioimmunoassay system for anionic GST using double antibody technique showed sufficient specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity for most serum sample. The anionic GST concentration of healthy control sera was 13.52±3.1ng/ml (mean±SD). Marked increase of serum anionic GST was observed in patients with gastric cancer (26.1±14.8ng/ml), colon cancer (44.0±15.1ng/ml), metastatic liver cancer (266.0± 178.3ng/ml) and hepatocellular carcinoma (175.4±55.2ng/ml). These results indicate that radioimmunoassay of anionic GST is useful for serological diagnosis of malignancies from alimentary tract and liver.
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Hidemitsu HIRABAYASHI
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
276-285
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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In order to clarify the mechanisms of the development of chronic alcoholic pancreatitis (CAP), three-dimensional reconstruction of pancreatic ducts was made from the specimens of the pancreas obtained at autopsy or surgery from the patients as follows: 3 patients without pancreatic disease (control), 2 patients with chronic non-alcoholic pancreatitis (CNAP), 5 patients with CAP, and 4 patients with chronic alcoholism. The reconstruction models of the pancreatic duct and pathohistological findings of the pancreas were compared among these 4 groups.
The ductal models in CAP revealed uneven surface, winding, meandering, tortuosity, and cystic dilatation. The pancreatic duct system in CNAP had a relatively smooth surface and maintained the tree- like architecture in contrast with that of CAP. In spite of minor histological changes, the ductal models in chronic alcoholics showed tortuosity, winding, meandering, swelling in branching points and resembled those in CAP.
These results suggest that the deformity of pancreatic ducts in chronic alcoholism is considered to be one of the predisposing pathogenetic changes of CAP.
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Takehiko TAKEDA, Yoshitaka KONDA, Masaki MIYAMOTO, Hogara NISHISAKI, M ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
286-290
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Takao SAKAI, Mamoru NISHINO, Yoshikazu ABE, Shunkichi KAI, Motonobu OZ ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
291-296
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Kiyoshi MATSUMURA, Eiji KAJIWARA, Hiroshi TSUJI, Shinichiro OHSATO, Mi ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
297-301
Published: 1987
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Shinsyou MORITA, Kunio OKAJIMA, Tetsuya TAMIO, Manabu KUBOKAWA, Akihik ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
302-306
Published: 1987
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Riyoichi SUZUKI, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japa ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
307
Published: 1987
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Hidemi GOTO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
308
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Naoki TAMASAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
309
Published: 1987
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Shunichiro KUBOTA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Ja ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
310
Published: 1987
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Haruo MIYAGAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
311
Published: 1987
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Keiki OGINO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 2 Pages
312
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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