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The Effect of Esophageal Transection and Endoscopic Sclerotherapy for Treatment of Esophageal Varices in Liver Cirrhosis
Hideki NISHIWAKA, Takeshi ASAI, Yoshikawa KAZUHIKO, Takashi YAMASHITA, ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
833-839
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Esophageal transection or endoscopic sclerotherapy have been benefit for treatment of variceal bleeding from esophagus in patients with the liver cirrhosis, however it is not easy to control gastric hemorrhage due to acute gastric mucosal damage frequently observed in those patients. It has not been clear whether those procedures might affect the gastric mucosal blood flow which provides the gastric microcirculation as pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal lesion.
The effect of esophageal transection and endoscopic sclerotherapy on gastric mucosal blood flow was investigated in 32 patients with esophageal varices, which was endoscopically measured by using hydrogen gas generated by electrolysis.
Gastric mucosal blood flows were decreased in the corpus and antrum in patients with liver cirrhosis as compared with those of normal controls.
In cases within 3 months after the esophageal transection it temporally decreased in corpus and antrum, however in patients with a long servival showed a trend of recovery of gastric mucosal blood flow.
Gastric mucosal blood flow was much decreased in patients indicated for endoscopic sclerotherapy, in whom operation was not indicated because of severely damaged liver function.
These investigation showed that the esophageal transection and endoscopic sclerotherapy decreased the gastric mucosal blood flow which involved in part in gastric mucosal damage in patients with esophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis.
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Takashi INAGAKI, Kimitomo MORISE, Yasuo MORISHIMA, Kazuo HARA
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
840-850
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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The localization of lymphocyte subsets and interleukin-2 receptor positive cells in the regional lymph nodes (LN) of gastric cancer patients was studied with the use of an immunoperoxidase technique. In the paracortical area of the metastatic lymph nodes, there were increased numbers of Leu2a+ (Leul5-) cells which suggested the presence of a host-defense reaction against cancer metastasis. In addition, the numbers of Leu7+ cells in lymph nodes with the metastasis of differentiated type cancer was significantly higher than in those with the metastasis of undifferentiated type cancer. This suggests a different immune response for each cancer. Staining for interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) antibody revealed that IL-2R+ cells aggregated arround the cancer metastasis. The majority of them were interdigitating reticulum cells (IDR) and macrophages, while IL-2R+lymphocytes existed in a small number. Therefore, IL-2R+IDR and IL-2R+macrophages may play a role in the immune system against cancer.
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Tetsuo ARAKAWA, Hiroyuki SUKUMA, Hiroshi SATOH, Takashi FUKUDA, Tatsuh ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
851-856
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Effect of tetragastrin on endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) in human gastric juice was studied. Acid secretion and PGE
2 release into the gastric lumen were both stimulated by subcutaneous injection of tetragastrin at a dose of 4μg/kg and were reached to peak levels during 20-30 min after the injection. Acid secretion and the release of PGE
2 were significantly increased although PGE
2/H
+ ratio was tend to decrease during 60 min after the tetragastrin injection. There was correlation between acid secretion and the release of PGE
2 after the tetragastrin injection. These results suggest that tetragastrin stimulated the release of PGE
2 into the gastric lumen although this is less predominant than its stimulating effect on acid secretion. This phenomenon seems to be important to elucidate the role of tetragastrin on gastric mucosal functions.
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Yousuke TANAKA, Tadao MANABE, Takayoshi TOBE
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
857-862
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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This study was conducted to investigate the ability of the jejunum to inhibit the release of gastrin, associated with the inflow of gastric acid into the jejunum, using beagle dogs with jejunal loop fistula and end-to-side jejuno-ileal anastomosis. Dogs were fed a protein meal to stimulate gastrin release, followed 15 minutes later by intrajejunal infusion of 0.1 N HCl solution at a rate of 3.1ml/min for 15 minutes through the jejunal fistula. Plasma gastrin, secretin and VIP levels were observed.
Postprandial elevation of the gastrin level during the intrajejunal HCl infusion was less than that in control experiment without HCl infusion, and incremental integrated response of gastrin after feeding was significantly inhibited by HCl infusion. Plasma secretin and VIP levels rose significantly by HCl infusion, and fell after terminating the infusion. These results suggest that the jejunum, similar to the duodenum, is latently able to inhibit gastrin release mediated mainly by secretin and VIP release associated with the inflow of gastric acid.
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A Lectin Histochemical Study
Masataka ITO
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
863-867
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) specifically stains the perinuclear region of the human parietal cells that corresponds to the intracellular secretory canalicular membrane at the electron microscopic level (Histochemistry 83: 189, 1985). In the present study, the DBA-staining intensity of the parietal cell was quantitatively estimated in association with gastric acid secretion.
Gastric fundic glandular tissues were taken by endoscopic biopsy from 11 healthy males immediately before 30 and/or 60 min after intramuscular administration of tetragastrin (4μg/kg) or betazol hydrochloride (1mg/kg). Paraffin sections were prepared and stained with DBA by the ABC method. The rate of absorption of the stained parietal cells was measured using a microspectro-photometer (Olympus MMSP; 365nm in wave length).
In all cases, significant increase in the absorption rate was recorded after stimulation. The total average of the absorption rate before and after stimulation were 38.3% and 51.6%, respectively. Electron microscopy revealed that the increase in absorption rate was caused by an increase in the surface area of the membrane of the intracellular secretory canaeicules.
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Yuichi YAMASHITA, Kazuo SHIROUZU, Hiroharu ISOMOTO, Tatsuhisa MOROTOMI ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
868-877
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Intrarectal ultrasonographic examination was performed to assess the depth of invasion in 80 patients with rectal carcinoma. Ultrasonographic diagnosis of the depth of invasion was expressed in accordance with General Rule of Clinical and Pathological Studies on cancer of Colon, Rectum and Anus.: uM is defined to be a cancer limited to the mucosa. uSM a cancer to the submucosa. uPM a cancer to the proper muscle. uAl or uSS a cancer penetrates the proper muscle a little. uA2 or uS a cancer penetrates the proper muscle with no further extension and uAi or uSi a cancer involves all layers with extension to adjacent organ.
Comparing ultrasonographic diagnosis with histological findings, accuracy rate of ultrasonography was 66.7% (2/3 cases) in uSM, 42.9% (3/7) in uPM, 30.8 (4/13) in uAl•uSS, 78.3% (36/46) in uA2•uS and 54.5% (6/11) in uAi•uSi. Whole accuracy rate was 63.8%. However, overestimation was observed in 23 cases and underestimation was in 6 cases.
Histological study of resected specimens showed that inflammatory cell infiltration around carcinoma was a cause of overstimation. However, there was no remarkable relationship between accuracy of ultrasonographic diagnosis and histological type or infiltrative growth of carcinoma.
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Kimiko HAYASHI, Susumu ITO
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
878-888
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Optimum conditions were established in a procedure to prove guanase histochemically. Using the optimum procedure, distribution of the enzyme was studied in human tissues.
1) Optimum conditions: After a 15 minutes fixation with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.2M, pH 7.8 sodium cacodylate buffer, the sections are incubated with xanthine oxidase (XOD) solution for 15 minutes, and subsequently in a substrate solution containing 1.0ml of a 0.005M guanine solution, 10ml of nitro tetrazolium blue (NBT) solution (1mg/ml), 0.1 ml of XOD solution and 11.0ml of 0.2M phosphate or bicine buffer at pH 7.8, at 37°C for 2 hours.
2) Distribution in tissues: Guanase activity was prominent in the cytoplasm of the liver, the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine and the proximal renal tubule of the kidney, but not in other tissues. The procedure also seems to help in clarifying the physiological significance of guanase in the liver, kidney and small intestine.
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Tokan SHIN, Yoshihide SAKAGAMI, Yasuhiro MIZOGUCHI, Keiji MIYAJIMA, Hi ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
889-893
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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When heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes is intravenously injected into tuberculin-sensitized guinea pigs, the sensitized lyuphocytes are infiltrated in the liver tissue. By further injecting specific antigen, purified protein derivatives (PPD), the cholestatic factor is produced and intrahepatic cholestasis is immunologically induced in vivo. In order to examine the mechanism by which intrahepatic cholestasis is induced, we studied the bile excretion of
14C-sucrose and
32P-orthophosphate, which are known to excrete into the bile through the tight junction (paracellular pathway) rather than through the liver cells. However, in the guinea pigs in which intrahepatic cholestasis was immunologically induced, there was no change in the excretion of
14C-sucrose and
32P-orthophosphate into the bile.
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Akira TOMITA, Tosiji SAIBARA, Saburo ONISHI
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
894-903
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Double filtration plasmapheresis (DFP) was performed in 13 cases of chronic hepatitis type B (HBeAg positive: 9 cases, HBeAg negative: 4 cases) in order to decrease serum HBsAg and HBV which may act as inhibitors for host immune response. In HBeAg positive cases elevation of serum GPT was obserbed after DFP and subsequently serum DNA-p activity became negative in 2 cases: in one of them serum HBeAg became negative, and decreased remarkably in the other. Moreover a remarkable increase of serum HBV related antigens and DNA-p activity was obserbed after DFP, especially in cases with relatively low DNA-p activity. On the other hand such changes were not obserbed in HBeAg negative cases.
These data suggest that DFP treatment for HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis type B may induce HBV replication and improve host immune response. Application of DFP to immunotherapy in chronic hepatitis type B will be a useful clinical method.
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Hisashi YAMAGUCHI, Fumiaki SHINYA, Wataru TAKAHASHI, Noriyoshi SUZUKI
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
904-908
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Bile acid-calcium mixtures were made by mixing conjugated bile acids at different concentrations with CaCl
2 solution. The centrifuged supernatants of each bile acid-calcium mixture were divided into two fractions using ultrafiltration technique (fraction molecular weight 1, 000). Both fractions and the supernatants were tested for the inhibitory effect on bacterial β-glucuronidase activity, the calcium concentration and the bile acid concentration. Almost all bile acids were present in a high molecular phase and they had a high calcium trapping capacity, except glycocholate and taurocholate. The highest inhibitory effect on bacterial β-glucuronidase activity and calcium trapping capacity were obtained with chenodeoxycholate and deoxycholate, and the calcium trapping capacity was the lowest with taurocholate. The bile with calcium bilirubinate stone has a markedly low concentration of conjugated bile acids but with a relatively high concentration of taurocholate, which produces the favourable condition for the precipitation of calcium bilirubinate.
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Hidetsugu SAITO, Souichirou MIURA, Shinshuku KIM, Kouichi KOMATSU, Ken ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
909-914
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Yoshihisa SUMINAGA, Yoshikazu YASUDA, Masahiro TANAKA, Fumio KONISHI, ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
915-919
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Tatsuko KATOH, Seiwa CHO, Masahiko TOMIMATSU, Etsuko HASHIMOTO, Toju H ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
920-924
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Mitsuhiko SODA, Masanobu MORIOKA, Chie HATA, Takashi FUKUHARA, Masanob ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
925-929
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Hideki ANDO, Tomoko MOTOI, Fumitoki WATANABE, Hiroshi MIYAZAKI, Hirofu ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
930-934
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Mitsuyo HASHIMOTO, Kazuo TAKEUCHI, Masao NAKAJIMA, Soutaro FUKUCHI, Go ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
935-939
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Yoshihiro MATSUOKA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in J ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
940
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Masanori MORITA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japa ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
941
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Akihiko KUWAHARA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
942
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Takeshi Azuma, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
943
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Toshihito HIRAOKA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Ja ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
944
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Kunitoshi NAKAGAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in J ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
945
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Shinya NAKAJIMA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japa ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
946
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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Toshiji SAIBARA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japa ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
947
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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IN NORMAL SUBJECTS
Naoki TAMASAWA, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japan ...
1987 Volume 84 Issue 4 Pages
948
Published: 1987
Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
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